scholarly journals Solvent Control in Electro-Organic Synthesis

Synlett ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (03) ◽  
pp. 275-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Schulz ◽  
Siegfried Waldvogel
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Dehydrogenative Coupling ◽  
Solvent Control ◽  
Kolbe Electrolysis ◽  
Fluorinated Solvents

Exploiting the solvent control within electro-organic conversions is a far underestimated parameter in prep-scale electrolysis. The beneficial application in several transformations is outlined and in particular discussed for the dehydrogenative coupling of arenes and heteroarenes. This simple electrolytic strategy in fluorinated solvents allows the modulation of the substrate’s nucleophilicity and the stabilization of the intermediates as well as of the final product from over-oxidation.1 Introduction2 Solvent Effects in Kolbe Electrolysis and Anodic Fluorination3 Unique Solvent Effects of 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropan-2-ol (HFIP)4 Anodic Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions with Use of HFIP as the Solvent5 Conclusion

Transition-Metal-Free Synthetic Strategies for the Cross-Coupling Reactions in Water: A Green Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanmay Chatterjee ◽  
Nilanjana Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Transition Metal Catalysts ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Green Approach ◽  
Dehydrogenative Coupling

Abstract: A natural driving force is always working behind the synthetic organic chemists towards the development of ‘green’ synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of useful classes of organic molecules having potential applications. The majority of the essential classes of organic transformations, including C-C and C-X (X = heteroatom) bond-forming crosscoupling reactions, cross dehydrogenative-coupling (CDC) mostly rely on the requirement of transition-metal catalysts and hazardous organic solvents. Hence, the scope in developing green synthetic strategies by avoiding the use of transitionmetal catalysts and hazardous organic solvents for those important and useful classes of organic transformations is very high. Hence, several attempts are made so far. Water being the most abundant, cheap, and green solvent in the world; numerous synthetic methods have been developed in an aqueous medium. In this review, the development of transitionmetal- free green synthetic strategies for various important classes of organic transformations such as C-C and C-X bondforming cross-coupling, cross dehydrogenative-coupling, and oxidative-coupling in an aqueous media is discussed.

Tunable Ligand Effects on Ruthenium Catalyst Activity for Selectively Preparing Imines or Amides by Dehydrogenative Coupling Reactions of Alcohols and Amines

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (52) ◽  
pp. 12795-12804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takafumi Higuchi ◽  
Risa Tagawa ◽  
Atsuhiro Iimuro ◽  
Shoko Akiyama ◽  
Haruki Nagae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Activity ◽  
Ruthenium Catalyst ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Ligand Effects ◽  
Dehydrogenative Coupling

Cross-Coupling Reactions with 2-Amino-/Acetylamino-Substituted 3-Iodo-1,4-naphthoquinones: Convenient Synthesis of Novel Alkenyl- and Alkynylnaphthoquinones and Derivatives

Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe C. Demidoff ◽  
Leandro L. de Carvalho ◽  
Eduardo José P. Rodrigues Filho ◽  
Andréa Luzia F. de Souza ◽  
Chaquip D. Netto
Keyword(s):  
Click Chemistry ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Large Array ◽  
Terminal Alkyne ◽  
Co Catalyst ◽  
Cross Coupling Reactions ◽  
Convenient Synthesis

AbstractFunctionalized 1,4-naphthoquinones have been employed as versatile synthons in organic synthesis, in addition to presenting a large array of biological activities. Herein, the applications of 2-amino-/ acetylamino-substituted 3-iodo-1,4-naphthoquinones in cross-coupling reactions are described to successfully afford sixteen novel 3-styryl-1,4-naphthoquinones (amino-stilbene-quinone hybrids) and four 3-alkynyl-1,4-naphthoquinone in overall good yields. Interestingly, the alkynylated derivatives could be obtained from ligand- and Pd-free CuI-mediated cross-coupling reactions, after extensive investigations to exclude Pd as a co-catalyst. Lastly, the desilanized terminal alkyne was subjected to click chemistry reactions to give two novel triazole-1,4-naphthoquinone hybrids.

scholarly journals Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions on Functionalized 2-Trifluoromethyl-4-chromenone Scaffolds: Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Trifluoromethyl Heterocycles

Synthesis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (06) ◽  
pp. 1342-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Izquierdo ◽  
Atul Jain ◽  
Sarki Abdulkadir ◽  
Gary Schiltz
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Trifluoromethyl Group ◽  
Palladium Catalyzed ◽  
Active Natural

The chromenone core is an ubiquitous group in biologically active natural products and has been extensively used in organic synthesis. Fluorine-derived compounds, including those with a trifluoromethyl group (CF3), have shown enhanced biological activities in numerous pharmaceuticals compared with their non-fluorinated analogues. 2-Trifluoromethylchromenones can be readily functionalized at the 8- and 7-positions, providing chromenones cores of high structural complexity, which are excellent precursors for numerous trifluoromethyl heterocycles.

1.11 Generation of Radicals from Organoboranes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. André-Joyaux ◽  
L. Gnägi ◽  
C. Melendez ◽  
V. Soulard ◽  
P. Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Alkyl Radicals ◽  
Aryl Radicals ◽  
Cross Coupling Reactions ◽  
Oxidative Reactions ◽  
Radical Cascade ◽  
Cascade Processes ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Boronic Acid Derivatives

AbstractRadicals can be generated by the cleavage of the C—B bond of alkylboranes or boronic acid derivatives. The fragmentation process may result from a nucleohomolytic substitution process or from a redox process. The nucleohomolytic substitution is ideal for the generation of alkyl radicals and is usually part of a chain-reaction process. Redox processes (mainly oxidative reactions) have been used to generate both alkyl and aryl radicals. The use of stoichiometric oxidizing agents can be avoided by employing photoredox catalysis. A broad range of synthetic applications such as radical cascade processes, multicomponent reactions, and cross-coupling reactions in the presence of suitable metal catalysts are now possible. In their diversity, organoboron compounds represent one of the most general sources of radicals. The merging of radical chemistry with the classical chemistry of organoboron derivatives opens tremendous opportunities for applications in organic synthesis.

Catalytic enantioselective cross dehydrogenative coupling of sp3 C–H of heterocycles

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (45) ◽  
pp. 9683-9692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shikha Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Dehydrogenative Coupling ◽  
Recent Developments

The recent developments in the asymmetric functionalization of heterocycles via the catalytic enantioselective cross dehydrogenative coupling reactions of heterocyclic sp3 C–H bonds are highlighted in this review.

The recent advances in K2S2O8-mediated cyclization/coupling reactions via an oxidative transformation

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (96) ◽  
pp. 15101-15117
Author(s):  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Kishor Padala
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Oxidative Transformation ◽  
Recent Advances

Recently the K2S2O8 mediated cyclization/coupling reactions to construct carbon–carbon/carbon–heteroatom bond via oxidative transformation is became much interesting in organic synthesis.

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