The deep pectoral muscle flap in the cat: its vascular supply and potential use

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gardner ◽  
R. Allnutt ◽  
R. A. S. White ◽  
S. J. Baines
Keyword(s):  
Internal Thoracic Artery ◽  
Vascular Anatomy ◽  
Muscle Flap ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Vascular Pattern ◽  
Lateral Thoracic Artery ◽  
Type V ◽  
Flap Perfusion ◽  
Potential Use

SummaryThe vascular anatomy of the deep pectoral muscle in the cat was defined by contrast radiography of twelve deep pectoral muscles from six feline cadavers. The deep pectoral, muscle in the cat was found to have a type V vascular pattern with a dominant pedicle based on the lateral thoracic artery, with a contribution from the external thoracic artery, and secondary segmental pedicles arising from the internal thoracic artery, with numerous anastomoses between these two vascular fields. Following division of the sternal origin and elevation of the muscle flap, perfusion of the entire muscle from the dominant pedicle was identified. Transposition of the muscle flap within a wide arc of rotation was possible to include the chest wall, sternum, axilla and medial forelimb. This study demonstrates the potential suitability of the deep pectoral muscle flap for use in reconstructive surgery.The feline deep pectoral muscle has a type V vascular pattern, with a dominant pedicle based on the lateral thoracic artery, with a contribution from the external thoracic artery, and secondary segmental pedicles arising from the internal thoracic artery A clinically useful flap, supplied by the dominant pedicle, may be developed by incising the sternal origin of the muscle.

scholarly journals Vascular Supply of the Human Spiral Ganglion: Novel Three-Dimensional Analysis Using Synchrotron Phase-Contrast Imaging and Histology

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueshuang Mei ◽  
Rudolf Glueckert ◽  
Annelies Schrott-Fischer ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Hanif M. Ladak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Spiral Ganglion ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vascular Anatomy ◽  
Helical Structure ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Phase Contrast Imaging ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Temporal Bones

AbstractHuman spiral ganglion (HSG) cell bodies located in the bony cochlea depend on a rich vascular supply to maintain excitability. These neurons are targeted by cochlear implantation (CI) to treat deafness, and their viability is critical to ensure successful clinical outcomes. The blood supply of the HSG is difficult to study due to its helical structure and encasement in hard bone. The objective of this study was to present the first three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and analysis of the HSG blood supply using synchrotron radiation phase-contrast imaging (SR-PCI) in combination with histological analyses of archival human cochlear sections. Twenty-six human temporal bones underwent SR-PCI. Data were processed using volume-rendering software, and a representative three-dimensional (3D) model was created to allow visualization of the vascular anatomy. Histologic analysis was used to verify the segmentations. Results revealed that the HSG is supplied by radial vascular twigs which are separate from the rest of the inner ear and encased in bone. Unlike with most organs, the arteries and veins in the human cochlea do not follow the same conduits. There is a dual venous outflow and a modiolar arterial supply. This organization may explain why the HSG may endure even in cases of advanced cochlear pathology.

Thrombogenic Stimulus Causes Long-term Decrease of Muscle Flap Perfusion

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bj??rn D. Krapohl ◽  
Maria Siemionow ◽  
Pia Piza ◽  
Sean F. Pieramici ◽  
James E. Zins
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Flap ◽  
Flap Perfusion

Redefining the vascular anatomy of the peroneus brevis muscle flap

Microsurgery ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Ensat ◽  
Laurenz Weitgasser ◽  
Michaela Hladik ◽  
Lorenz Larcher ◽  
Klemens Heinrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Anatomy ◽  
Muscle Flap ◽  
Peroneus Brevis

scholarly journals COLGAJO DE HEMISÓLEO A PEDÍCULO DISTAL: CORRELACIÓN ENTRE ESTUDIOS VASCULARES CADAVÉRICOS E “IN VIVO” DISTALLY BASED HEMISOLEOUS FLAP: CORRELATION BETWEEN CADAVERIC AND “IN VIVO” VASCULAR STUDIES

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Wolff ◽  
Gustavo J. Armand Ugón ◽  
Jesús R. Manzani
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Vascular Anatomy ◽  
Muscle Flap ◽  
Posterior Tibial Artery ◽  
Vascular Studies ◽  
Posterior Tibial ◽  
Tibial Artery ◽  
Distally Based ◽  
Distal Vessel

Introducción: El éxito de éste colgajo depende de la anatomía vascular de su pedículo y de la existencia de anastomosis con pedículos proximales. Los estudios vasculares anatómicos en cadáveres fundan las bases para la realización de colgajos musculares. El cirujano debe conocer cuales de los resultados de un estudio cadavérico son aplicables al paciente. Objetivos: Estudiar en cadáveres el número de pedículos distales, su topografía y la existencia de anastomosis con vasos proximales. Luego comparar estos datos con los hallados en pacientes. Material y Métodos: En 9 piernas cadavéricas se estudió la anatomía de los pedículos distales. En 5 pacientes se realizó colgajo de hemisóleo a pedículo distal y se verificó la correspondencia de los datos cadavéricos con los hallados en el vivo. Resultados: En el grupo cadavérico los pedículos distales para el músculo sóleo se originaron tanto de la arteria tibial posterior como de la peronea. El vaso mas distal se encontró en promedio a 6,32 cm de la línea intermaleolar y su origen mas frecuente fue la arteria tibial posterior. La presencia de anastomosis no fue demostrable en las disecciones cadavéricas pero si en el vivo.       Conclusiones: Los resultados cadavéricos fueron comparables con los hallazgos del modelo vivo, salvo en la identificación de anastomosis, sólo evidenciables en éstos últimos. Esta información es útil para el abordaje y localización del pedículo distal que nutre el colgajo, pero no para definir el territorio anatómico del vaso. Por lo tanto, debe conocerse que datos originados de estudios cadavéricos pueden aplicarse al vivo. Introduction: The success of this flap depends on the vascular anatomy of its pedicle and on the existence of anastomosis with proximal pedicles. The anatomic cadaveric vascular studies set the foundation for muscle flap designs. Surgeons should know which results of cadaveric studies are applicable to the patient. Our objective was to study, in cadavers, the number and situation of distal pedicles to the soleous muscle and the existence of anastomosis between them and proximal dominant vessels for this muscle, and to compare this data with those found in patients. Material and Methods: The anatomy of distal pedicles was studied in nine cadaveric legs. Distally based hemisoleus flap was performed in five patients. The correspondence between cadaveric and patients data was verified. Results: Cadaveric group distal pedicles for soleus muscle were originated from the posterior tibial artery and also from the fibular artery. The most distal vessel was found at an average of 6.32 cm from the intermaleolar line. Its most frequent origin was the posterior tibial artery. The presence of anastomosis was demonstrated in patients but not in cadaveric dissections. Conclusions: Cadaveric results were comparable with those found in patients, except for the identification of the anastomosis. This information is useful for the localization and surgical approach of the distal pedicle that nourish the flap, but not to define the anatomical territory of the vessel. Therefore, it should be known which cadaveric data can be applied to the patients.   

Vascular Delay and Administration of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Augment Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap Perfusion and Function

2000 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 964-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Carroll ◽  
Camilla M. A. Carroll ◽  
Richard W. Stremel ◽  
Steven J. Heilman ◽  
Joseph M. Steffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi ◽  
Muscle Flap ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Flap ◽  
Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Vascular Delay ◽  
And Function ◽  
Flap Perfusion

Preoperative imaging of cervical spine hemangioblastomas using three-dimensional fusion digital subtraction angiography

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Sciubba ◽  
Gaurav G. Mavinkurve ◽  
Philippe Gailloud ◽  
Ira M. Garonzik ◽  
Pablo F. Recinos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vascular Anatomy ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Digital Subtraction

✓ Angiography is often performed to identify the vascular supply of hemangioblastomas prior to resection. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) digital subtraction (DS) angiography and three-dimensional (3D) DS angiography provides high-resolution images of the vascular structures associated with these lesions. However, such 3D DS angiography often does not provide reliable anatomical information about nearby osseous structures, or when it does, resolution of vascular anatomy in the immediate vicinity of bone is sacrificed. A novel angiographic reconstruction algorithm was recently developed at The Johns Hopkins University to overcome these inadequacies. By combining two separate sequences of images of bone and blood vessels in a single 3D representation, 3D fusion DS (FDS) angiography provides precise topographic information about vascular lesions in relation to the osseous environment, without a loss of resolution. In this paper, the authors present the cases of two patients with cervical spine hemangioblastomas who underwent preoperative evaluation with FDS angiography and then successful gross-total resection of their tumors. In both cases, FDS angiography provided high-resolution 3D images of the hemangioblastoma anatomy, including each tumor’s topographic relationship with adjacent osseous structures and the location and size of feeding arteries and draining veins. These cases provide evidence that FDS angiography represents a useful adjunct to magnetic resonance imaging and 2D DS angiography in the preoperative evaluation and surgical planning of patients with vascular lesions in an osseous environment, such as hemangioblastomas in the spinal cord.

Vascular Anatomy of the Anteriorly Based Pericranial Flap

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobutaka Yoshioka ◽  
Albert L. Rhoton
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Anatomy ◽  
Muscle Layer ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Main Trunk ◽  
Frontalis Muscle ◽  
Pericranial Flap ◽  
Orbital Rim

Abstract OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the vascular supply of the anteriorly based frontal pericranial flap to determine whether separating the pericranium from the galea above the orbital rim would devascularize the pericranial flap. METHODS: The arteries supplying and the veins draining the frontal pericranial flap were examined in 17 adult cadavers using ×3 to ×30 magnification. The arteries were examined on 25 sides and the veins on 16 sides. RESULTS: The main trunk and superficial branches of the supraorbital and supratrochlear arteries, which course in the galea-frontalis muscle layer, give rise to the deep branches that supply the pericranium. These pericranial branches may arise in the orbit or at the level of or above the orbital rim. Pericranial arteries that arose above the level of the orbital rim and would be divided in separating the galea and pericranium were found in 28% of the sides examined. Pericranial veins that coursed above the orbital rim and would be divided in separating the galea-frontalis muscle layer from the pericranial layer were found in 43.8% of the sides examined. CONCLUSION: In preparing a pericranial flap based anteriorly on the supraorbital rim, the separation of the galea-frontalis muscle layer from the pericranium layer should not extend into the 10 mm above the supraorbital rim if the arterial and venous pedicle of the pericranial flap is to be preserved.

The Microvascular Carpal Foot Pad Flap: Vascular Anatomy and Surgical Technique

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Fowler ◽  
N. M. M. Moens
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Vascular Anatomy ◽  
Venous Drainage ◽  
Barium Sulphate ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Microvascular Flap ◽  
Interosseous Artery ◽  
Foot Pad ◽  
Potential Use

SummaryThe objectives of the study are to describe the vascular anatomy of the carpal foot pad and to describe the surgical technique for its dissection as a free microvascular flap.Sixteen front legs from ten different dogs weighing from 20 to 30 kg were used for the study. All of the dogs were euthanatized for reason unrelated to the study. Dissection of the carpal foot pad with its dominant arterial and venous pedicle was performed and angiographic studies were performed by injection of barium sulphate and “high detailed” radiography.The vascular anatomy of the carpal foot pad was consistent in all of the dogs. The arterial pedicle arises from the caudal interosseous artery and venous drainage is provided by the cephalic vein. A branch of the ulnar nerve parallels the arterial blood supply and may be included in flap dissection. Surgical dissection of the carpal foot pad flap is relatively straight forward. The length and diameter of the arterial and venous pedicle are appropriate for microvascular anastomosis.The carpal foot pad in the dog represents a viable option for microvascular transfer and reconstruction of weight bearing surfaces.Cadaveric dissection was used to study the vascular anatomy of the carpal foot pad in dogs and to assess its potential use as a free microvascular flap.

scholarly journals Variations in Blood Supply from Proximal to Distal in the Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Elbow: A Qualitative Descriptive Cadaveric Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0036
Author(s):  
Patrick S. Buckley ◽  
Elizabeth R. Morris ◽  
Colin Robbins ◽  
Bryson Kemler ◽  
Salvatore Joseph Frangiamore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Vascular Anatomy ◽  
Ulnar Collateral Ligament ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Medial Epicondyle ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
India Ink

Objectives: The vascular supply of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is unknown. Previous studies have reported varying success in return to play rates after non-operative management of partial UCL tears and suggest a varying healing capacity as possibly related to UCL injury location. The purpose of this study was to analyze the macroscopic vascular anatomy of the ulnar collateral ligament of the elbow. Methods: Eighteen, fresh-frozen, male cadaveric elbows from nine donors were sharply dissected 15 cm proximal to the medial epicondyle. Sixty mL of India Ink was injected through the brachial artery of each elbow. Arms were then frozen at -10°C, radial side down in 15-20° of elbow flexion. A bandsaw was used to section the frozen elbows into 5 mm coronal or sagittal sections. Sections were cleared for visualization using the modified Spalteholz technique. Images of specimens were taken and the qualitative description of the UCL vascularity was undertaken. Results: We consistently found a dense blood supply to the proximal UCL, while the distal UCL was hypovascular. We observed a possible osseous contribution to the proximal UCL from the medial epicondyle in addition to an artery from the flexor/pronator musculature that consistently appeared to provide vascularity to the proximal UCL. The degree of vascular penetration moving from proximal to distal in the UCL ranged from 39-68% of the overall UCL length, with a 49% average length of vascular penetration of the UCL. Conclusion: Our study found a difference in the vascular supply of the ulnar collateral ligament. The proximal UCL was well vascularized, while the distal UCL was hypovascular. This difference in vascular supply may be a factor in the differential healing capacities of the UCL based on the location of injury. An improved understanding of the macroscopic vascular supply of the UCL may aid in the clinical management of partial UCL tears and suggest an indication for treatments with respect to location of UCL injuries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document