Adhesiveness of 51Cr-Labelled Platelets

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dale ◽  
E. Myhre
Keyword(s):  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Platelet Adhesiveness ◽  
Labelling Procedure ◽  
Bead Method

The procedure of labelling platelets may disturb their reactivity, and methods based on measurements of radioactivity may therefore not reflect the survival of representative platelets. To study this, nine patients with prosthetic heart valves were chosen because platelet adhesiveness is reduced to a varying degree after valve replacement. Autologous platelets were labelled by incubation of PRP from 120 ml of ACD-blood with 250 μci 51CrO4 for one hour, and then reinjected. After 16 hours, platelet retention was estimated according to Hellem’s modified glass bead method, in parallel samples, the retention of radioactivity was measured. Labelled and non-labelled platelets were retained in the glass-bead columns to the same degree, indicating that the Labelling procedure did not permanently disturb platelet adhesiveness.

The Effect of Dipyridamole and RA 233 on Human Platelet Function in Vitro

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul L. Rifkin ◽  
Marjorie B. Zucker
Keyword(s):  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Human Platelet ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Simple Relation ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryDipyridamole (Persantin) is reported to prolong platelet survival and inhibit embolism in patients with prosthetic heart valves, but its mechanism of action is unknown. Fifty jxM dipyridamole failed to reduce the high percentage of platelets retained when heparinized human blood was passed through a glass bead column, but prolonged the inhibition of retention caused by disturbing blood in vitro. Possibly the prostheses act like disturbance. Although RA 233 was as effective as dipyridamole in inhibiting the return of retention, it was less effective in preventing the uptake of adenosine into erythrocytes, and more active in inhibiting ADP-induced aggregation and release. Thus there is no simple relation between these drug effects.

Bleeding Complications in Treatment with ASA and Anticoagulants

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dale ◽  
E. Myhre
Keyword(s):  
Placebo Group ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Ball Valve ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Platelet Adhesiveness ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Intracranial Complications ◽  
Bleeding Episodes ◽  
Valve Prostheses

Patients with prosthetic heart valves have a reduced platelet adhesiveness and a high incidence of arterial thromboembolic episodes. Therefore 148 patients with aortic ball valve prostheses were chosen for an antithrombotic study. They received either one gm. of ASA or placebo in combination with anticoagulants. In two years, 15 bleeding episodes developed in those taking ASA, seven during the firstmonth. Two had intracranial hemorrhage, one died, while the others recovered completely. Six episodes occurred in the placebo group, three intracranial complications caused two deaths. The higher incidence of bleeding in the combined group was entirely due to gastrointestinal hemorrhage. In both groups, the occurrence and severity of bleeding correlated to the intensity of anticoagulant therapy. Low platelet adhesiveness also predisposed to bleeding.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antithrombotic Properties of Suloctidil in Patients with Substitute Heart Valves

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Moriau ◽  
A. Ferrant ◽  
C. Col-De Beys ◽  
A. Hurlet ◽  
C. Chalant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Platelet Adhesiveness ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Coagulation Parameters

Isotopic platelet survival time (PST), platelet count, adhesiveness, aggregation, PF4 release and coagulation parameters were examined in 23 patients with prosthetic heart valves (6 mitral, 10 aortic and 7 mitroaortic Starr Edwards or Bjork valves) treated with or without suloctidil.The patients were distributed in 2 comparative groups : the treated group with 11 patients with VKA (nicoumalone) and suloctidil (600 mg/day) and the control group with 12 patients with VKA alone. The biological parameters were performed before (the 10th postop. day) and 6 weeks after treatment with or without suloctidil.Before treatment were : PST shortened, platelet adhesiveness and aggregation normal and PF4 release, factors I, VIII-C, VIII-R-Ag increased in both groups.After treatment, PST returned to normal in the treated group, but remained unchanged or was more decreased in the control group. Platelet adhesiveness and aggregation were unchanged in both groups. PF4 release was reduced in the treated group and unchanged in the control group. Platelet count, factors I, VIII-C, VIII-R-Ag returned to the preoperative values in both groups.Two severe thromboembolic complications appeared in the control group, none in the treated group.

Technique of surgical aortic valve implantation using single interrupted annular sutures

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Intraoperative Complications ◽  
Coronary Artery Occlusion ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Conduction Disturbances

The introduction of the first surgical prosthetic heart valves in the early 1960s made effective treatment of aortic valve disease possible. The goal of surgical aortic valve replacement is to replace the diseased aortic valve with a properly functioning, sufficiently large prosthesis while avoiding intraoperative complications such as conduction disturbances, coronary artery occlusion, or paravalvular leaks. Although most commonly, non-everting pledgeted mattress sutures are used to implant the prosthesis during surgical aortic valve replacement , interrupted single sutures without pledgets can be a useful alternative, especially in patients with a small tissue annulus, because they theoretically maximize the orifice available for flow. This tutorial discusses the surgical technique of surgical aortic valve replacement using interrupted single annular sutures.

scholarly journals Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve-in-Valve Replacement Resulting in 4 Different Prosthetic Heart Valves in a Single Patient

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. e3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Daneault ◽  
Mathew R. Williams ◽  
Martin B. Leon ◽  
Jean-Michel Paradis ◽  
Susheel K. Kodali
Keyword(s):  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Single Patient ◽  
Valve In Valve

scholarly journals ADP and Retention of Platelets in Glass Bead Columns

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Ball Valve ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Edta Blood ◽  
Edta Anticoagulated Blood

Platelet retention is known to be dependent upon ADP, thought to be derived either from red cells by hemolysis in the glass bead columns or from the platelets themselves. In order to study this, the following experiments were done in blood from 8 healthy subjects and 11 patients with prosthetic heart valves: The whole blood content of adenine nucleotides was measured, the platelet retention in whole blood was determined by Hellem’s modified method, the degree of hemolysis provoked by passage of whole blood and EDTA-anticoagulated blood was estimated, and finally the liberation of adenine, nucleotides from EDTA-blood was measured. The wholeblood content of ADP was similar in the two groups of subjects, as was the degree of hemolysis caused by passage of blood through the columns, while platelet retention was low in blood from the ball-valve patients. The adenine nucleotides were liberated in the same proportions as hemoglobin, and ADP appeared in plasma in mean concentrations of 0.10 juM in both groups of subjects after passage of EDTA-blood through the columns. The results indicate that ADP in amounts necessary to induce platelet retention is derived from red cells. The reduced retention in ball-valve patients in spite of normal ADP-liberation is probably a result of trauma to the platelets inflicted by the prosthetic valve.

Six-Year Experience with CarboMedics Prosthetic Heart Valves

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhu Ping ◽  
Long Guo Cui ◽  
Li Zhong Xue ◽  
Feng Shu Sheng ◽  
Meng Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Mitral Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valve ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Mechanical Prosthesis ◽  
Actuarial Survival

Between July 1989 and July 1995, 89 CarboMedics prosthetic heart valves were implanted in 70 patients (38 males, 32 females) ranging in age from 13 to 54 years (mean 33 years). Forty-one of these patients underwent mitral valve replacement, 10 had aortic valve replacement, and 19 had double aortic and mitral valve replacement. Early mortality was 4.9%, 0%, and 15.8% respectively in these groups. Mean follow-up time was 3.4 years and was 95.4% complete (3 lost). There were 5 late deaths (7.7%); 1 in the mitral group, 1 in the aortic group, and 3 who had double valve replacements. Three of these late deaths were considered valve-related. The 5-year actuarial survival rates, hospital mortality excluded, were 97% for mitral, 88% for aortic, and 88% for double valve replacement. Preoperatively, 80% of the patients were in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV, whereas postoperatively, 99.5% of the patients were in class I or II. No structural failures were observed. There was 1 case of systemic embolism and 1 case of valve thrombosis, neither of these patients were taking anticoagulants. Hemorrhage was the most frequent complication; 1 of 4 events was fatal. A less intensive warfarin regimen and improvement in hepatic function may reduce hemorrhagic risk while maintaining thromboembolic protection. On the basis of this experience, the CarboMedics prosthetic heart valve appears to be an excellent mechanical prosthesis for cardiac valve replacement, in terms of hemodynamic performance and low thrombogenicity, in patients receiving anticoagulants.

scholarly journals Managing Pregnancy with Post Mitral Valve Replacement Presenting Late

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-52
Author(s):  
Basanta Lamichhane ◽  
N Paradhan ◽  
SJ Rawal ◽  
A Singh ◽  
SR Bhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Mitral Valve Replacement ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Healthy Baby ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynaecology ◽  
Healthy Female ◽  
Ultimate Outcome ◽  
Uneventful Pregnancy

With the increased awareness and emphasis of institutional delivery, there has been an increase in trend of cases of valvular heart disease with pregnancy being reported to tertiary centers. Though rare, cases like post mitral valve replacement (MVR) with pregnancy are often a challenge in terms of management with an outcome of uneventful pregnancy and healthy baby. The management of women with prosthetic heart valves during pregnancy poses a particular challenge as there are no available controlled clinical trials to provide guidelines for effective antithrombotic therapy. Here we present a case of post MVR with pregnancy with an ultimate outcome of a healthy female and uneventful vaginal delivery. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 1 / Issue 15 / Jan- June, 2013 / 50-52 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i1.8866

Doppler Hemodynamics of CarboMedics Prosthetic Valves in Aortic Position at Rest and Exercise

1996 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Ichiro Shimada ◽  
Hitoshi Okabayashi ◽  
Takeshi Nishina ◽  
Kenji Minatoya ◽  
Yoshiharu Soga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Aortic Valve Replacement ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Heart Valves ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Prosthetic Heart Valves ◽  
Pressure Gradients ◽  
Theoretical Performance

To evaluate the size adequacy of CarboMedics prosthetic heart valves, Doppler pressure gradients after aortic valve replacement were determined at rest and immediately after exercise in 83 patients, at a mean time of 18.8 days after aortic valve replacement with CarboMedics prosthetic heart valves (31 standard and 52 R-series). There were 54 males and 29 females, average age 55 years; 12 had pure aortic stenosis, 47 had aortic regurgitation, and 24 had combined lesions. Exercise significantly increased (p < 0.01) the peak velocity (from 2.50 to 2.88 m/sec), the peak pressure gradient (from 25.9 to 34.6 mm Hg), and the mean pressure gradient (from 13.9 to 18.4 mm Hg). Significant differences were observed even in patients with seemingly large valve sizes. Significant correlation (p < 0.0001) was observed between pressure gradients at rest and immediately after exercise, as well as between pressure gradients and theoretical performance index. A theoretical performance index larger than 1.0 cm2/m2 was needed to obtain a postexercise Doppler peak pressure gradient of less than 60 mm Hg early after aortic valve replacement using either the Carbomedics standard or R-series prosthetic heart valves.

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