scholarly journals ANATOMICAL STUDY OF THE MODERATOR BAND

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 078-081
Author(s):  
Raghavendra A. Y. ◽  
Arunachalam Kumar ◽  
Pratik Tarvadi ◽  
Harsha C. R. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Septal Wall ◽  
Septal Defects ◽  
Moderator Band ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Anterior Papillary Muscle

AbstractModerator band is a muscular trabecula which extends from interventricular septal wall to the base of anterior papillary muscle in right ventricle of heart. This study was conducted on 20 hearts from adult human cadavers. Out of 20 specimens of heart we could observe the presence of moderator band in 17 and in rest 3 it was not visible for record. Origin length, thickness and distance from tricuspid valve were noted. The average length of the moderator band was 13.82cm with the SD of 3.94 and the average thickness being 4.46cm with the SD of 1.36. The average distance from tricuspid valve was 3.6cm with the SD of 1.01. As the moderator bands, or other large trabeculations, can be major obstacle for the repair of apical ventricular septal defects, the morphometric study of moderator band may help the surgeons during surgical procedures conducted for correction of such defects.

Surgical Anatomy of Nasolacrimal Duct and Sac in Human Cadavers

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tulika Gupta ◽  
Suhalika S Sahni ◽  
Ruchi Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Average Length ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Inferior Turbinate ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Nasolacrimal Duct ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Lacrimal Sac ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Background Surgical importance of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD) for both otolaryngologists and ophthalmologists cannot be overemphasized. Injury to this structure can lead to iatrogenic epiphora, synechiae formation and need for secondary lacrimal diversion procedures. Materials and methods The present study was conducted on 27 mid-sagittal sections of head and neck of formalin fixed adult cadavers. The inferior opening of the NLD was identified and exposed. The duct and the lacrimal sac were dissected. Pertinent distances of the inferior opening of the NLD from the easily identifiable surgical landmarks were recorded, so as to accurately locate the inferior opening of the duct using a digital vernier calliper (accuracy 0.02 mm, Mitutoya, Japan). Various dimensions and angulation of the duct and lacrimal sac were measured. Results The average length of NLD was 11.42 ± 2.45 mm and it was making an angle of 20° with the vertical plane. The duct was narrowest in caliber in its upper 1/3rd in majority (82%) of the cases. The average diameter of the inferior opening of the NLD was 3.14 mm. In two cases (7.4%), the opening was only 1.8 mm wide. The mean distance of the inferior opening of the duct was 20.7 mm from the columella, 25.5 mm below the skull base and 16.5 mm above the hard palate. The average distance between the inferior opening of the NLD and anterior end of the inferior turbinate was 14.8 mm. The mean A-P diameter of superior opening of NLD was about 3 mm. The average length and width of nasolacrimal sac at its center was 6.95 and 3.24 mm respectively. Conclusion Detailed anatomical knowledge of the NLD is of great importance for safe and successful endonasal surgery. The present study attempts to provide useful surgical guidelines by using anatomic and positional relationships between the NLD and the major surrounding landmarks. How to cite this article Sahni SS, Goyal R, Gupta T, Gupta AK. Surgical Anatomy of Nasolacrimal Duct and Sac in Human Cadavers. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2014;7(3):91-95.

The Volar Distal Radioulnar Portal in Wrist Arthroscopy: An Anatomical Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Lucas ◽  
Vicente Carratalá ◽  
Ignacio Miranda ◽  
Cristobal Martinez-Andrade
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Ulnar Nerve ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Neurovascular Bundle ◽  
Wrist Arthroscopy ◽  
Iatrogenic Injuries ◽  
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Triangular Fibrocartilage

Abstract Background Advances in wrist arthroscopy and the emergence of novel surgical techniques have created a need for new portals to the wrist. The aim of this study was to define and verify the safety of the volar distal radioulnar (VDRU) portal. Description of the Technique The VDRU portal is located ∼5 to 10 mm proximal to the proximal wrist crease, just on the ulnar edge of flexor carpi ulnaris tendon and radial to the dorsal cutaneous branch of the ulnar nerve. The ulnar styloid marks the distal point of the portal. Methods An anatomical study was performed on 12 upper extremity specimens of 6 human cadavers. Iatrogenic injuries of neurovascular structures potentially at risk were assessed, and the distance from the portal to these structures was measured. Results No iatrogenic injuries of the structures at risk occurred. Mean distances from the VDRU portal to the ulnar neurovascular bundle, the radial branch of the dorsal sensory branches of the ulnar nerve (DSBUN), and the ulnar branch of the DSBUN were 9.29 ± 0.26 mm, 8.08 ± 0.25 mm, and 10.58 ± 0.23 mm, respectively. There were no differences between left and right wrists. The distances from the VDRU portal to the ulnar neurovascular bundle and the ulnar branch of the DSBUN were significantly shorter in women; this distance was not less than 7 mm in any case. Conclusions The VDRU portal is safe, reproducible, and facilitates the implementation of various techniques related to triangular fibrocartilage complex pathology.

scholarly journals Mediastinal anatomical landmarks, their variants and tips for video-assisted thoracoscopic navigation during oesophageal extirpation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Dydykin ◽  
Friedrich Paulsen ◽  
Tatyana Khorobykh ◽  
Natalya Mishchenko ◽  
Marina Kapitonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prone Position ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Posterior Mediastinum ◽  
Visual Navigation ◽  
Anatomical Landmarks ◽  
Video Assisted ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
The Right

Abstract Purpose There is no systematic description of primary anatomical landmarks that allow a surgeon to reliably and safely navigate the superior and posterior mediastinum’s fat tissue spaces near large vessels and nerves during video-assisted endothoracoscopic interventions in the prone position of a patient. Our aim was to develop an algorithm of sequential visual navigation during thoracoscopic extirpation of the esophagus and determine the most permanent topographic and anatomical landmarks allowing safe thoracoscopic dissection of the esophagus in the prone position. Methods The anatomical study of the mediastinal structural features was carried out on 30 human cadavers before and after opening the right pleural cavity. Results For thoracoscopic extirpation of the esophagus in the prone position, anatomical landmarks are defined, their variants are assessed, and an algorithm for their selection is developed, allowing their direct visualization before and after opening the mediastinal pleura. Conclusion The proposed algorithm for topographic and anatomical navigation based on the key anatomical landmarks in the posterior mediastinum provides safe performance of the video-assisted thoracoscopic extirpation of the esophagus in the prone position.

COMPREHENSIVE ANATOMICAL STUDY OF VARIATIONS IN LINGUAL AND FACIAL ARTERIES IN ADULT CADAVERS FOR SURGICAL PRACTICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
Ramitha Enakshi Kumar. S ◽  
P. Vahini
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Endarterectomy ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
The Face ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Objective: The objective of this study is to comprehensively put forth the anatomical variations in the origin and course of lingual and facial arteries found in adult cadavers. Methods: Ten human cadavers were dissected and studied for variations from the norm regarding facial and lingual arteries . Results: 80% of the cadavers displayed classical origin and course of the arteries. There was a deviation from normal regarding origin of the arteries in 20% of the cadavers. Meanwhile, abnormality in the course amounted to 10%. Conclusion: In 20% of cadavers, there were variations in origin of facial and lingual arteries , meanwhile, changes in the course of the stated arteries is 10%. These variations prove to be of signicance to surgeons to prevent mishaps and hospital acquired infections, while performing carotid endarterectomy, intra-arterial catheterizations, plastic surgery of the face and resection of malignant tumours.

Straddling tricuspid valve as a sign of ventriculoatrial malalignment: A morphometric study of 19 postmortem cases

1999 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 1184-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renzo Pessotto ◽  
Massimo Padalino ◽  
Maurizio Rubino ◽  
Keishi Kadoba ◽  
Jorge R. Büchler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Morphometric Study

scholarly journals Anatomical Study of Variations in the Branches of Superior Mesenteric Artery – A Study from a Teaching Hospital in Chennai, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 1506-1510
Author(s):  
Ganga Venkatachalam ◽  
Kanagavalli Paramasivam ◽  
Lakshmi Valliyappan
Keyword(s):  
Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Mesenteric Artery ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Middle Colic Artery ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Colic Artery ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Derivatives Of

BACKGROUND Superior Mesenteric Artery (SMA) is one of the anterior branches of the abdominal aorta. It originates from abdominal aorta at the level of lower border of first lumbar vertebra, one centimeter below the coeliac trunk. It gives the first branch inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (IPDA), The colic branches arise from concave right side of the superior mesenteric artery, these are middle colic artery (MCA), right colic artery (RCA), ileo colic artery (ICA). Jejunal and ileal branches arise from left side of the SMA. Superior mesenteric artery supplies derivatives of midgut. Knowledge of branching pattern of the SMA is clinically important to gastroenterologists operating on gut and neighboring structures like pancreas, duodenum, and liver. We wanted to study the variations in the branches of superior mesenteric artery. METHODS This is a descriptive study conducted on 50 adult embalmed human cadavers by conventional dissection method, the findings were noted and tabulated. RESULTS Present study shows that inferior pancreatic duodenal artery orginated from SMA in 47 (94 %) specimens. IPDA was absent in 3 (6 %) specimens. Middle colic artery was found to arise from SMA in 48 (94 %) and MCA was absent in 2 (4 %) specimens. Right colic artery was found to arise from SMA in 47 (94 %) specimens and it was absent in 3 (6 %) specimens. Ileo-colic artery was found to arise from SMA in all 50 (100 %) specimens. CONCLUSIONS Awareness of these complex variations may prevent devastating complications during colonic surgeries. Variations in the branching pattern of superior mesenteric artery is essential for surgeons operating on derivatives of midgut, liver, pancreas. KEY WORDS Branches, Colic, Superior Mesenteric Artery, Variations

scholarly journals A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY OF THE THYROID GLAND IN HUMAN CADAVERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4.1) ◽  
pp. 5783-5787
Author(s):  
Shobha Gaikwad ◽  
◽  
Rajani Joshi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Human Cadavers

The Plantar Plate of the Lesser Toes: An Anatomical Study in Human Cadavers

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Johnston ◽  
Judith Smith ◽  
Timothy Daniels
Keyword(s):  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Volar Plate ◽  
Anatomic Structure ◽  
Joint Dislocation ◽  
Plantar Plate ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Fresh Frozen ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Second Toe

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anatomic structure and biochemical composition of the plantar plate of the lesser toes. Fresh frozen-human cadaveric feet were used to study 20 metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal plantar plates. The observations of foot dissections were compared with the finger volar plate. The plantar plate of the toe is a rectangular structure with a stout distal insertion and relatively flimsy proximal origin. The anatomic relationships to adjacent structures and composition are similar between the volar plates of the fingers and plantar plates of the toes. The plantar plate is known to experience extension forces that the volar plate does not experience. The weightbearing nature of the foot and forces imposed by toe-off may create chronic hyperextension of the metatarsophalangeal joint and predispose the plantar plate to attenuation or rupture, thus leading to instability of the metatarsophalangeal joint. These findings may explain in part the clinical condition of spontaneous metatarsophalangeal joint dislocation, most commonly found in the second toe.

Anatomical Study of the Medial Ankle Ligament Complex

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Peter Boss ◽  
Beat Hintermann
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Deltoid Ligament ◽  
Fibrous Layer ◽  
Ankle Ligament ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Anatomical Relationship ◽  
Insertion Area

The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine insertion area, length and thickness of the various bundles and their anatomical relationship with inter-individual differences. Twelve ankles from human cadavers (ages 56 to 95 years, from nine men and three women) were dissected to the capsuloligamentous structures. Marked inter-individual differences were found for the five main ligaments (tibiospring, tibiocalcaneal, posterior and anterior deep tibiotalar and superficial posterior tibiotalar). The tibionavicular ligament is a thickened fibrous layer of the ankle capsule. The tibiocalcaneal and tibiospring ligaments are the longest, and the tibiocalcaneal and posterior deep tibiotalar ligaments are the thickest of these ligaments. Fibrils run in the direction of the tibia or dorsally. Knowledge of the deltoid ligament complex is necessary for anatomically and biomechanically correct reconstruction that provides stability without hazard to biomechanics of function.

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