scholarly journals Etiological and Radiological Spectrum of Longitudinal Myelitis: A Hospital-Based Study in North East India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baiakmenlang Synmon ◽  
Pranjal Phukan ◽  
Shri Ram Sharma ◽  
Mussaraf Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Inflammatory Lesion ◽  
Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
Transverse Area

Abstract Introduction An inflammatory lesion of the spinal cord where three or more than three vertebral segments of the cord is involved is called longitudinal extensive myelitis (LETM). It has several varied causes out of which neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and its spectrum disorder have received a distinct entity. Various radiological and clinical features help us to suspect an etiology which then further guides us into the treatment protocol and prognosis of the patients. Materials and Methods A retrospective study performed in a referral center in North East India in 15 months. Thirty-two patients of LETM were enrolled based on clinical and radiological available data. An attempt was made to classify the various etiologies and correlate with their radiological findings. Results The most common etiology noted was NMO seen in 7 patients (21.8%) followed by tuberculosis (TB) (18.7%) and post-infection myelitis (18.7%). Other etiology seen was acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (6.24%), spinal cord infarct (3.12%), radiation myelitis (6.24%), Japanese encephalitis sequalae (3.12%), systemic lupus erythematosus (3.12%), and remained undiagnosed in six patients (18.7%). Radiologically, cervico-dorsal spine was most common location in NMO (71%) whereas dorsolumbar in TB (50%). The lesion was predominantly central in both NMO (100%) and TB (80%) as compared with the other causes of LETM. It was noted that more than 50% of the transverse area of the cord was involved in both NMO (71%) and TB (50%), but < 50% involvement were more common in the post-infectious and others causes of LETM. Conclusion LETM has a various differential diagnosis, infection need to be kept in mind while ruling out NMO. Radiological features can suggest or help differentiate the various etiologies of LETM but NMO and infection like TB almost has the same features except for a different cord site predilection.

scholarly journals The clinical and immunological profiles of systemic lupus erythematosus patients from Assam, North-East India

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Shashi Baruah ◽  
Debashree Talukdar ◽  
AkashProtim Gogoi ◽  
Daisy Doley ◽  
RebeccaR Marak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East

scholarly journals PEDIATRIC EWING'S SARCOMA – AN EXPERIENCE IN A TERTIARY CANCER CARE CENTER IN NORTH EAST INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Munlima Hazarika ◽  
Satya S Sarangi ◽  
Bhargab J Saikia ◽  
Partha S Roy ◽  
Bibhuti Bhusan Borthakur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Incomplete Treatment

Due to limited clinical data in paediatric Ewing’s sarcoma, the aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic characteristics and identifying prognostic factors for survival. We retrospectively reviewed 66 patients with paediatric Ewing’s sarcoma. Median age of presentation was 10 years. Male: Female ratio was 1:1.Femur was the most common site of involvement 13.6% (9/66). The median survival in this study was 52 months. Three and five year survival rate of these patients was 52% and 45% respectively. One out of the 7 patients (14.2%) who did not initiate treatment was alive at the time of analysis whereas 4 out of 8 (50%) patients were alive with incomplete treatment and 35 out of 51 patients (68.6%) were alive who completed treatment and this difference was statistically significant (p<.001).Those patients who completed the treatment protocol had a better survival as compared to those who defaulted or refused treatment.

scholarly journals Profile of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Patients Admitted in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A North East India Experience

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
A R Chanu ◽  
C Zonunsanga ◽  
Hmingthanmawii LNU ◽  
M Pertin
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Physical Medicine ◽  
Common Site ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Study Design Retrospective Descriptive Study. Setting Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR) Department, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, a tertiary care teaching hospital in North East India Study Duration 1st November 2011 to 31st October 2012. Study Duration 1st November 2011 to 31st October 2012. Objective To study the profile of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients admitted in PMR Department, RIMS. Materials and Methods Neurological profile of traumatic SCI patients admitted in PMR Department, RIMS was recorded using a structured proforma and analysed. Demographic profile of the patients, time since injury, functional status and complications were also recorded. Results Among all 22 patients, 16(72.7%) were tetraplegics with C5 (59.09%) as the most common neurological level involved. Twelve (54.5%) were American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) grade A. The mean motor and sensory scores were 45±24.97 and 157.50±69.53 respectively. The mean FIM score (at admission) was 71.50±23.40 and FIM (at discharge) was 82.35±20.72. Spasticity was present in 16 cases (72.7%) with gastrosoleus as most common site. There were 14 patients (63.6%) who had urinary tract infection (UTI). Only 5(22.7%) underwent urodynamic study and all had hyperactive detrussor. The most common mode of bladder management was clean intermittent catheterisation (CIC) which was done in 16 patients (72.7%). Pressure sore was seen in 14(63.6%) of patients with sacrum (78.57%) as the most common site. Conclusion Majority of traumatic SCI inpatients were of ASIA grade A and tetraplegics were commoner. Fall from height was the comonest cause of injury. Spasticity, UTI and pressure sores were common complications.

scholarly journals A Review on Some Medicinal Plants of North- East India Region Used in the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 199-207
Author(s):  
VENESSA NATH ◽  
PARISHMITA BURAGOHAIN ◽  
HEMANTA KUMAR SHARMA
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
Cns Disorders ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Central Nervous System Disorders ◽  
The Brain

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) disorders are a group of neurological disorders concerned with behaviour, coordination and functioning of the brain and the spinal cord. The CNS is the site of processing various informations. It interprets and evaluates the information and as result, the CNS responds accordingly and controls the body. Any defects or disorders of the Central nervous system may cause degeneration of the organs and tissues associated with it, loss of coordination, paralysis, etc. These disorders may be hereditary or due to injuries to the brain and spinal cord. Although, these disorders are being cured with medicaments, many plant species are also seen to be effective in its treatment. Objective: the main objective of this article is to underline the potentials and the needs for the documentation of the ecological knowledge of herbal medicines of the north east India region, necessary for the greater well-being of mankind in the prevention and cure of CNS disorders. Methods: an extensive literature survey was carried out through various databases like Google Scholar, Pubmed, Sciencedirect etc to support this review. All the collected information was analyzed accordingly and the plants were enlisted based on the classes of CNS disorders for which they are used. Result and discussion: from the survey of the database being collected, it was found that many traditional and local plants of the northeast India region are therapeutically effective in the treatment and cure of many Central nervous system disorders. Conclusion:-It is now an accepted fact that many traditional plants found in the Northeast India have been acceptable within the human body and hence these can be used to replace many expensive medications available in the market. Keywords:  Medicinal plants; Central Nervous System; CNS disorders; Northeast India; Plant extract

scholarly journals Male breast cancer a rare entity: the experience from North-East India

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Gaurav Das ◽  
Jitin Yadav ◽  
Joydeep Purkayastha ◽  
Abhijit Talukdar ◽  
Sachin Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Male Breast Cancer ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Male Breast ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Common Malignancy

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancy among women but it is not common in men. Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease and accounts for ∼1% of all cancers in men. There is lack of data related to MBC. The objective was to study the clinic-pathological characteristics and outcome of MBC patients at this institute.Methods: It is a retrospective study. Author analyzed clinico-pathological factors, management and follow up details of all patients with MBC from 2012 to 2018 at the cancer centre.Results: Total 20 patients were included in the study. No risk factor identified in any patient. The median age at diagnosis was 57.5 years. Most common location was central quadrant. Most common stage at presentation was stage 3. Fifteen patients underwent upfront surgery while neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given to two patients. One patient had complete pathological response (cPR). The median follow up was 24 months (4-60 months). Three patients developed local recurrence (3 chest wall and 1 axilla). Two patients developed distant metastasis (lung, liver and bone). Actual overall survival rate at 5 years was 67.5% with median disease-free survival was 55%.Conclusions: Multicentric trials are necessary to understand the predictive and prognostic markers and to improve the outcome in male breast cancer.

scholarly journals Linear lupus panniculitis of scalp: a case report from north-east India

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Nandakishore Thokchom ◽  
Erika Salam ◽  
Nandita Bhattacharjee ◽  
Linda Kongbam
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Lupus Panniculitis ◽  
Scarring Alopecia ◽  
Lines Of Blaschko

<p class="abstract">Lupus panniculitis of scalp is an uncommon manifestation of lupus erythematosus, which presents as non-scarring linear, arched, or annular alopecia along the lines of Blaschko. A 7 year old child presented with localised linear non-scarring alopecia on scalp. Examination revealed a single linear alopecic patch on the left parietal scalp. There were no associated systemic complaints. Skin biopsy showed atrophic lining epithelium, diffuse and nodular lymphocytic and plasma cells infiltrates in the superficial and deep dermis, lobular inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes, histiocytes and plasma cells, with minimal involvement of septa in the subcutaneous tissue. Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) and anti-ds DNA tests were negative. Patient responded well with regrowth of terminal hair within 3 weeks to a combination treatment of hydroxychloroquine, topical and intralesional steroids, and topical calcineurin inhibitor. Linear lupus panniculitis of scalp should be considered in cases of patterned, non-scarring alopecia. Regular follow-up is also essential due to the possibility of recurrence and development of systemic lupus erythematosus.</p>

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