Comparative Analysis of PMO Functions between the Public and Private Sectors: Survey of High-Performing Construction Organizations

2021 ◽  
Vol 147 (11) ◽  
pp. 04021151
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ershadi ◽  
Marcus Jefferies ◽  
Peter Davis ◽  
Mohammad Mojtahedi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
High Performing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Construction Organizations

Barriers to BIM implementation strategies in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijun Zhou ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Jyh-Bin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Resistance To Change ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Organizational Issues

Purpose Effective BIM application hinges on the development of appropriate strategies for its implementation. Though some strategies have been deployed to facilitate BIM implementation in China, their outcomes are not clear. The purpose of this paper is to provide recommendations regarding appropriate strategies for promoting the development and implementation of BIM in China based on lessons learned from advanced implementation experiences in other countries. Design/methodology/approach First, existing strategies are investigated and barriers to BIM implementation mentioned in previous studies are summarized. Then, the identified barriers are mapped to the strategy contents. Finally, a comparative analysis on different areas is conducted to propose suggestions for identified items of BIM implementation strategies that need to be improved. Findings Six unaddressed barriers to BIM implementation strategies in China were identified from the mapping results: insufficient government lead/direction, organizational issues, legal issues, high cost of application, resistance to change of thinking mode and insufficient external motivation. Originality/value The findings of this study can be used to facilitate the development of appropriate strategies within the public and private sectors for promoting BIM implementation in China and elsewhere.

Conflicts of Interest in Sport: A Comparative Analysis of International and European Remedies

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-224
Author(s):  
Antonio Di Marco
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Social Function ◽  
International Level ◽  
Private Governance ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Pyramid Structure ◽  
Governance Practices ◽  
The Individual

This research studies the management of conflicts of interest in sporting context, trough a comparative analysis of the current wave of reforms at national and international level. It suggests that the notion of conflict of interests in sport is wholly specific and it requires particular remedies, illustrating potential convergences with the public and private governance practices. Firstly, the paper identifies the endemic conflicts of interest due to the specific pyramid structure of sports movement, and the individual conflicts of interest that could occur in sporting organisations. Secondly, it detects the solution foreseen by the European authorities and the recent reforms concerning the sporting organizations adopted at national and international level. The study shows the elements that characterize conflicts of interest in sporting context, identifying convergences, limits, and the specific solutions suggested by the ethical and social function of sport.

Politics, Markets, and the Organization of Schools

1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 1065-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Chubb ◽  
Terry M. Moe
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
National Study ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Teacher Survey ◽  
Characteristic Methods ◽  
Hierarchic System

We offer a comparative analysis of public and private schools, presenting data from a new national study—the Administrator and Teacher Survey—that expands on the pathbreaking High School and Beyond survey. We find that public and private schools are distinctively different in environment and organization. Most importantly, private schools are more likely to possess the characteristics widely believed to produce effectiveness. We argue throughout that the differences across the sectors are anchored in the logic of politics and markets. This argument derives from our belief that environmental context has pervasive consequences for the organization and operation of all schools and specifically that the key differences between public and private environments—and thus between public and private schools—derive from their characteristic methods of social control: the public schools are subordinates in a hierarchic system of democratic politics, whereas private schools are largely autonomous actors “controlled” by the market.

scholarly journals Monitoring Cardiovascular Medicine Prices as a Tool for Analyzing the Effectiveness of Government Intervetions to Ensure Access to Medicines at the Regional Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 916-924
Author(s):  
C. M. Razzakova ◽  
L. E. Ziganshina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Access To Medicines ◽  
Generic Medicines ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Reference Prices ◽  
Medicine Prices ◽  
The City

Aim. The aim of our study was to continue a comparative analysis of availability and access to cardiovascular medicines in 2017 and 2018 in the city of Kazan according to the original WHO/HAI methodology to assess the effectiveness of government interventions to ensure access to medicines.Material and methods. We performed a comparative analysis of prices of cardiovascular medicines in 2017 and 2018 in Kazan using the World Health Organization and Health Action International (WHO/HAI) methodology, to assess medicines' availability and affordability to ensure their rational use. We studied availability and prices of 71 cardiovascular medicines in public and private pharmacies in the city of Kazan and analyzed procurement prices of these medicines in hospitals. Also we studied the affordability of medicines, as well as performed pharmacoeconomic cost-minimization analysis for arterial hypertension pharmacotherapy in 2018. For each name, we studied the prices for the original brand and its lowest-priced generic. We compared medicine prices with international reference, delivered by the Management Sciences for Health and by expressing them as median price ratio (MPR).Results. In the public sector, prices of generic medicines were at the level of reference prices with the indicators of MPR 1.14 [0.41-1.84] and 1.17 [0.49-2.21], in 2017 and 2018 respectively. In the private sector, prices of generics reduced 2 times in 2018 compared to 2017, with the decrease in MPR from 2.22 [1.12-3.91] to 1.25 [0.44-2.32], (p<0.05). In the public sector, the affordability indicators of generics were the same in the studied years (Me=0.24 in 2017 and Me=0.26 in 2018). However, in the private sector there was a 2.5 times reduction in the affordability of generics (reduction Me from 0.66 to 0.24, p<0.05) in 2018 compared to 2017. From 2017 to 2018 the affordability of original brands changed from 1.9 to 1.3 in the public sector and from 2.3 to 1.5 in the private sector, but this change was not statistically significant (p>0.05). In 2018, depending on the choice of the medicine the annual course of therapy of hypertension varied from 149 to 28835 rubles.Conclusions. In 2018, the prices of generic cardiovascular medicines, but not of originator brands, reached the level of reference prices in both the public and private sectors of Kazan. According to the WHO/HAI methodology, generic cardiovascular medicines became affordable. In the private sector, there was a reduction in the prices of generic medicines, but not of originator brands, with an improvement of affordability of generics in 2018 compared to 2017.

scholarly journals Mixed, private, and public educational financing regimes: economic growth and income inequality effects

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (212) ◽  
pp. 43-62
Author(s):  
Salwa Trabelsi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Educational Financing ◽  
Social Disparity

The issue of mixed educational financing is rarely evoked in the literature, although the financial contribution of parents in the public educational system can be significant. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the mixed system and public and private ?extreme? systems in terms of economic growth and social disparity. For developing countries and for heterogeneous individuals, the mixed system is widely preferred. For homogeneous agents the public and private systems cannot lead to better economic performance than the mixed system. The public system always reduces social inequality, in contrast to the mixed and private systems, which generate the same level of inequality.

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