Professor Xiaoquan Du’s Seven Methods of Treating Stomachache

Stomachache is the main symptom of stomach duct pain near the heart. Professor Xiaoquan Du is experienced in treating spleen and stomach diseases with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation. He has vast practical TCM experience through years of clinical diagnosis and treatment, and incorporated his own characteristic methods in treatments, thereby developing seven methods for the treatment of stomachache. Clinically, methods such as “invigorating the spleen and benefiting the stomach” and “warming the middle and dispersing cold” are mostly adopted to treat stomach duct pain.

Epic of Manas as a Source of Studying Folk Medicine of the Kyrgyz People

This article identifies the types of traditional medicine based on the largest monument of Kyrgyz folklore — the Epic of Manas. The epic Manas, the world’s largest epic, the “encyclopedia of the life of the Kyrgyz people”, provides valuable information about traditional medicine. Traditional Kyrgyz knowledge divides diseases into two types: “cold” and “hot” diseases and methods of treatment. The article defines the types of traditional medicine and their representatives according to the Epic of Manas, i. e. the classification of traditional medicine into religious, empirical and rational types is given. Representatives of these species and their characteristic methods and methods of treatment are also described. The names, properties of medicinal herbs and methods of treatment in the form of decoctions and tinctures, mentioned in the Epic of Manas, are disclosed. The role and significance in the life of the people are shown in detail, as well as methods of treatment of various diseases by Kyrgyz healers — tabyp.

“FORMATION OF STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILLS IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING ENGLISH AT HIGHER EDUCATIONAL ESTABLISHMENTS”

In this article, the authors consider the main problems of forming speaking skills of learners in the process of English language learning at higher educational establishments and speech communication as the basis of cultural and linguistic knowledge. To solve the problem of learning a foreign language in higher educational establishments, the authors describe it in unity with the educational objectives of the characteristic methods of foreign language teaching, which includes, along with the absorption of a specific language, increase language literacy necessary for every person, a deeper familiarity with the cultural values of the countries of the languages studied and their achievements in various fields of science and technology.

The Systematics of a Methodical Instrumentarium for Assessing the Efficiency of the Entrepreneurial Structures’ Innovative Activities

Over the past decades, against the background of the innovative directedness of economic development, the role of innovative processes in the activities of entrepreneurial structures has been growing rapidly. Thus, scientific researches related to the innovative activity of entrepreneurial structures, its efficiency and methods of its evaluation become actualized. The present research is aimed at systematizing the existing methodological instrumentarium for assessing the efficiency of entrepreneurial structures, identifying its features and shortcomings for further improvement. The article carries out a detailed systematization of methodological instrumentarium for assessing the innovative activities of entrepreneurial structures, which allowed to allocate the most characteristic methods that differ in indicators and algorithms of their computing, and divide them into two groups depending on the status: governmental and scientific (recommendative). A systematization of methodologies for assessing the efficiency of innovation activity of entrepreneurial structures in accordance with the main object of research was carried out, where among the main criteria for efficiency assessing were the following: effectiveness, comparative efficiency, profit growth, factor analysis, discounting, risk discounting, innovation life cycle, and consumer interest. It is identified that not all extant methodologies allow to obtain a holistic conclusion on the state of innovation activity of entrepreneurial structures, since many of them do not take into account uneconomic factors, rather superficially evaluate or do not evaluate at all ecological, social and other spheres that have a direct impact on the level of innovation activity of entrepreneurial structures. This justifies the impossibility of wide application of such techniques for the analysis and extrapolation of the results obtained in the calculations for them to other levels of innovation development management (both industry and national).

Hodge theorem for the logarithmic de Rham complex via derived intersections

In a beautiful paper, Deligne and Illusie (Invent Math 89(2):247–270, 1987) proved the degeneration of the Hodge-to-de Rham spectral sequence using positive characteristic methods. Kato (in: Igusa (ed) ALG analysis, geographic and numbers theory, Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1989) generalized this result to logarithmic schemes. In this paper, we use the theory of twisted derived intersections developed in Arinkin et al. (Algebraic Geom 4:394–423, 2017) and the author of this paper to give a new, geometric interpretation of the Hodge theorem for the logarithmic de Rham complex.