Alternative Methodology for Determining Gap Acceptance for Two-Way Stop-Controlled Intersections

2012 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McGowen ◽  
Laura Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Gap Acceptance ◽  
Alternative Methodology

EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE METHODOLOGY TO ESTIMATE THE FATIGUE STRENGTH OF INTERNALLY DEFECTIVE STEELS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Carneiro Araujo ◽  
Pedro Vinícius Sousa Machado ◽  
Brenda Kennedy de Oliveira ◽  
JOSE ALEXANDER ARAUJO
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Alternative Methodology

Issue Dimensions and Cleavages: How the Russian Experience Helps Us to Look for Cross-Points

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-235
Author(s):  
Yury Korgunyuk
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Issue Salience ◽  
Empirical Base ◽  
Party Positions ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Weak Points ◽  
Alternative Methodology ◽  
Election Results

Abstract The article analyzes the weak points of the Manifesto Project’s methodology, such as its emphasis on issue salience, instead of issue positions; bringing the content of manifestos under too broad categories formulated at the beginning of the project; not quite the appropriate technique of factor analysis etc. An alternative methodology is proposed that focuses on party positions on issues which generate the largest polarization in the political space. It also enriches the empirical base of the studies and adjusts the technique of factor analysis. In order to reveal political cleavages inside these dimensions, the so called electoral cleavages (factors of territorial differences in voting for various parties) are taken as a starting point: factor loadings of parties in the electoral and political spaces are compared through correlation and regression analyses. The proposed methodology is applied to an analysis of election results in Russia (2016) and Germany (2017).

Static grid carbon factors – Can we do better?

2021 ◽  
pp. 014362442199196
Author(s):  
Jamie Risner ◽  
Anna Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Carbon Intensity ◽  
External Temperature ◽  
Building Regulations ◽  
Calculation Methodology ◽  
Alternative Methodology ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

The average carbon intensity (gCO2e/kWh) of electricity provided by the UK National Grid is decreasing and becoming more time variable. This paper reviews the impact on energy calculations of using various levels of data resolution (half hourly, daily, monthly and annual) and of moving to region specific data. This analysis is in two parts, one focused on the potential impact on Part L assessments and the other on reported carbon emissions for existing buildings. Analysis demonstrated that an increase in calculated emissions of up to 12% is possible when using an emissions calculation methodology employing higher resolution grid carbon intensity data. Regional analysis indicated an even larger calculation discrepancy, with some regions annual emissions increasing by a factor of ten as compared to other regions. This paper proposes a path forward for the industry to improve the accuracy of analysis by using better data sources. The proposed change in calculation methodology is analogous to moving from using an annual average external temperature to using a CIBSE weather profile for a specific city or using a future weather file. Practical application: This paper aims to quantify the inaccuracy of a calculation methodology in common use in the industry and key to building regulations (specifically Building Regulations Part L – Conservation of Fuel and Power) – translating electricity consumption into carbon emissions. It proposes an alternative methodology which improves the accuracy of the calculation based on improved data inputs.

Understanding Gap Acceptance Behavior at Unsignalized Intersections using Naturalistic Driving Study Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110071
Author(s):  
Yingfeng (Eric) Li ◽  
Haiyan Hao ◽  
Ronald B. Gibbons ◽  
Alejandra Medina
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Wait Time ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Gap Acceptance ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Unsignalized Intersections ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Stop Sign ◽  
Naturalistic Driving Study ◽  
Naturalistic Driving

Even though drivers disregarding a stop sign is widely considered a major contributing factor for crashes at unsignalized intersections, an equally important problem that leads to severe crashes at such locations is misjudgment of gaps. This paper presents the results of an effort to fully understand gap acceptance behavior at unsignalized intersections using SHPR2 Naturalistic Driving Study data. The paper focuses on the findings of two research activities: the identification of critical gaps for common traffic/roadway scenarios at unsignalized intersections, and the investigation of significant factors affecting driver gap acceptance behaviors at such intersections. The study used multiple statistical and machine learning methods, allowing a comprehensive understanding of gap acceptance behavior while demonstrating the advantages of each method. Overall, the study showed an average critical gap of 5.25 s for right-turn and 6.19 s for left-turn movements. Although a variety of factors affected gap acceptance behaviors, gap size, wait time, major-road traffic volume, and how frequently the driver drives annually were examples of the most significant.

Optimization of the Navy’s three-dimensional mine impact burial prediction simulation model, Impact35, using high-order numerical methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 154851292110286
Author(s):  
Athanasios Donas ◽  
Ioannis Famelis ◽  
Peter C Chu ◽  
George Galanis
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation System ◽  
High Order ◽  
Alternative Methodology ◽  
Runge Kutta ◽  
Fifth Order

The aim of this paper is to present an application of high-order numerical analysis methods to a simulation system that models the movement of a cylindrical-shaped object (mine, projectile, etc.) in a marine environment and in general in fluids with important applications in Naval operations. More specifically, an alternative methodology is proposed for the dynamics of the Navy’s three-dimensional mine impact burial prediction model, Impact35/vortex, based on the Dormand–Prince Runge–Kutta fifth-order and the singly diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta fifth-order methods. The main aim is to improve the time efficiency of the system, while keeping the deviation levels of the final results, derived from the standard and the proposed methodology, low.

Structural Pluralism, Corporate Newspaper Structure, and News Source Perceptions: Another Test of the Editorial Vigor Hypothesis

1998 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Demers
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Police Chiefs ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
News Sources ◽  
Corporate Form ◽  
News Source ◽  
Alternative Methodology

A recent content analysis of newspaper editorials and letters to the editor disputes the conventional wisdom that newspapers become less vigorous editorially as they acquire the characteristics of the corporate form of organization. However, many scholars remain skeptical. This study tested the editorial vigor hypothesis using an alternative methodology: a national probability survey of mainstream news sources (mayors and police chiefs). The data provide partial support for the corporate structure theory - the more structurally complex the newspaper, the more news sources perceived that paper as being critical of them and their institutions. Drawing on previous research and these findings, the author argues corporate newspapers are more critical because they are more likely to be located in pluralistic communities, which contain more social conflict and criticism of dominant groups and value systems, and because they are more insulated from local political pressures. From a broader perspective, the results may be interpreted as supporting theories which hold that the pace of social change quickens as social systems become more structurally pluralistic.

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