A magical biological insecticide extracted from seeds of Millettia pachyarpa to kill cabbage aphids

Anticarsia gemmatalis nucleopolyhedrovirus (AgMNPV) is being used in Brazil as a biological insecticide. Host plant resistance of soybean to insects is been searched for and some authors have mentioned the interference of plant chemistry in virus efficiency. Interactions among soybean extracts of genotypes used as a source of resistance (PI 274454 and PI 227687) with different AgMNPV concentrations in populations of A. geatalis susceptible (S) and resistant (R) to the virus were studied at laboratory condition. Higher mortality was observed when larvae fed on diets with extracts of the soybean genotypes compared with those fed on a plain diet (control). The mean lethal concentration (LC50) was reduced about 10 ties in the S-population fed on diets containing PI 274454 extracts and different concentrations of AgMNPV, compared to control diet. Additive effect was predominantly observed when larvae fed on diets with extracts of soybean genotypes (PI 274454 and PI 227687) and AgMNPV for both larval populations. The pupal weight was negatively influenced by the extracts incorporated to the diets compared to control, for both larval populations, notably for R-population. The results suggest that, in general, leaf extracts of soybean resistant genotype did not cause any harmful effect on virus efficiency.

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Molecular identification ofBacillus thuringiensisvar.israelensisto trace its fate after application as a biological insecticide in wetland ecosystems

Letters in Applied Microbiology ◽

10.1111/j.1472-765x.2006.01999.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 495-501 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

S. De Respinis ◽

A. Demarta ◽

N. Patocchi ◽

P. Lüthy ◽

R. Peduzzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Identification ◽

Wetland Ecosystems ◽

Biological Insecticide

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Population Dynamics of Cabbage Butterfly (Pieris brassicae) and Cabbage Aphids (Brevicoryne brassicae) on Five Cultivars of Cauliflower at Peshawar

Asian Journal of Plant Sciences ◽

10.3923/ajps.2004.391.393 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 391-393 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Mohammad Younas ◽

Mohammad Naeem . ◽

Abdur Raqib . ◽

Shah Masud .

Keyword(s):

Population Dynamics ◽

Pieris Brassicae ◽

Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽

Cabbage Butterfly ◽

Cabbage Aphids

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Identification of Potential Inhibitors from Pyriproxyfen with Insecticidal Activity by Virtual Screening

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph12010020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 20 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ryan Ramos ◽

Josivan Costa ◽

Rai Silva ◽

Glauber da Costa ◽

Alex Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virtual Screening ◽

Binding Free Energy ◽

Structural Similarity ◽

Docking Study ◽

Molecular Docking Study ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Biological Insecticide ◽

Pass Online ◽

Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme ◽

Potential Inhibitors

Aedes aegypti is the main vector of dengue fever transmission, yellow fever, Zika, and chikungunya in tropical and subtropical regions and it is considered to cause health risks to millions of people in the world. In this study, we search to obtain new molecules with insecticidal potential against Ae. aegypti via virtual screening. Pyriproxyfen was chosen as a template compound to search molecules in the database Zinc_Natural_Stock (ZNSt) with structural similarity using ROCS (rapid overlay of chemical structures) and EON (electrostatic similarity) software, and in the final search, the top 100 were selected. Subsequently, in silico pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties were determined resulting in a total of 14 molecules, and these were submitted to the PASS online server for the prediction of biological insecticide and acetylcholinesterase activities, and only two selected molecules followed for the molecular docking study to evaluate the binding free energy and interaction mode. After these procedures were performed, toxicity risk assessment such as LD50 values in mg/kg and toxicity class using the PROTOX online server, were undertaken. Molecule ZINC00001624 presented potential for inhibition for the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (insect and human) with a binding affinity value of −10.5 and −10.3 kcal/mol, respectively. The interaction with the juvenile hormone was −11.4 kcal/mol for the molecule ZINC00001021. Molecules ZINC00001021 and ZINC00001624 had excellent predictions in all the steps of the study and may be indicated as the most promising molecules resulting from the virtual screening of new insecticidal agents.

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Spruce budworm and management effects on forest and wood product carbon for an intensively managed forest

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x10-104 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 40 (9) ◽

pp. 1736-1750 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Chris R. Hennigar ◽

David A. MacLean

Keyword(s):

New Brunswick ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Spruce Budworm ◽

Wood Product ◽

Managed Forest ◽

Insecticide Application ◽

C Storage ◽

Biological Insecticide ◽

Intensively Managed ◽

Forest C

An integrated forest management optimization model was developed to calculate potential spruce budworm ( Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens) effects on forest and wood product carbon (C) from 2007 to 2057 and to evaluate potential C sequestration benefits of alternative management strategies (salvage, biological insecticide application). The model was tested using simulated spruce budworm outbreaks on a 210 000 ha intensively managed forest in northwestern New Brunswick, Canada. Under a severe spruce budworm outbreak scenario from 2007 to 2020, harvest volume and forest and wood product C storage in 2027 were projected to be reduced by 1.34 Mm3, 1.48 Mt, and 0.26 Mt, respectively, compared with the levels under no defoliation. Under the same severe outbreak scenario, implementation of salvage and harvest replanning plus a biological insecticide applied aerially to 40% of susceptible forest area, reduced harvest, forest C, and wood product C impacts by 73%, 41%, and 56%, respectively. Extrapolation of these results to all of New Brunswick suggests that a future severe spruce budworm outbreak could effectively increase total provincial annual C emissions (all sources) by up to 40%, on average, over the next 20 years. This modeling approach can be used to identify to what extent insecticide application, as a forest-C-offset project, could result in additional C storage than without forest and pest management.

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How Does Bacillus thuringiensis Crystallize Such a Large Diversity of Toxins?

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins13070443 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 443

Author(s):

Guillaume Tetreau

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Structural Biology ◽

Structural Information ◽

Future Evolution ◽

Mechanisms Of Toxicity ◽

Bt Toxin ◽

Natural Crystal ◽

Biological Insecticide ◽

Key Drivers

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a natural crystal-making bacterium. Bt diversified into many subspecies that have evolved to produce crystals of hundreds of pesticidal proteins with radically different structures. Their crystalline form ensures stability and controlled release of these major virulence factors. They are responsible for the toxicity and host specificity of Bt, explaining its worldwide use as a biological insecticide. Most research has been devoted to understanding the mechanisms of toxicity of these toxins while the features driving their crystallization have long remained elusive, essentially due to technical limitations. The evolution of methods in structural biology, pushing back the limits of the resolution attainable, now allows access to be gained to structural information hidden within natural crystals of such toxins. In this review, I present the main parameters that have been identified as key drivers of toxin crystallization in Bt, notably in the light of recent discoveries driven by structural biology studies. Then, I develop how the future evolution of structural biology will hopefully unveil new mechanisms of Bt toxin crystallization, opening the door to their hijacking with the aim of developing a versatile in vivo crystallization platform of high academic and industrial interest.

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