Flowering in Dactylis glomerata. II. Interaction of temperature and photoperiod

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Broue ◽  
GH Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Temperature Level ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Dominant Influence

Controlled environment studies investigated the interaction between temperature and photoperiod in relation to floral initiation in seedling populations of the temperate perennial grass Dactylis glomerata L. High temperature inhibited flower formation, but this effect was confined to the early part of the terminal LD treatment, i.e, to the actual transition of the shoot apex from vegetative to floral development. During earlier stages of vegetative growth, including SD vernalization, high temperature was not inhibitory. Of the treatment parameters studied, two exerted a dominant influence on the level of flowering. These were (i) the duration of SD vernalization, and (ii) the temperature level during the terminal LD treatment. A model is presented to explain flowering response in terms of an interaction between these components.

scholarly journals Embolism and mechanical resistances play a key role in dehydration tolerance of a perennial grass Dactylis glomerata L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Volaire ◽  
Frederic Lens ◽  
Hervé Cochard ◽  
Hueng Xu ◽  
Larissa Chacon-Doria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Dehydration Tolerance ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

scholarly journals Rootstock Effects on the Flowering of `Delicious' Apple. I. Bud Development

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 1010-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M Hirst ◽  
David C Ferree
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Floral Buds ◽  
One Year ◽  
Floral Bud ◽  
Leaf Dry Weight

Floral development was studied in buds of `Starkspur Supreme Delicious' apple trees growing on B.9, M.26 EMLA, M.7 EMLA, P.18, and seedling rootstocks. In each of 3 years, buds were sampled from the previous years growth at intervals throughout the growing season and dissected to determine whether the apex was domed, indicating the start of floral development. Number of bud scales and true leaves increased during the early part of the growing season, but remained fairly constant beyond 70 days after full bloom. The type of rootstock did not affect the number of bud scales or transition leaves, and effects on true leaf numbers were small and inconsistent. Final bract number per floral bud was similarly unaffected by rootstock. The proportion of buds in which flowers were formed was influenced by rootstock in only one year of the study, which was characterized by high temperatures and low rainfall over the period of flower formation. Bracts were observed only in floral buds, and became visible after doming of bud apices had occurred. Flowers were formed during the first 20 days in August, regardless of rootstock or year. The appendage number of vegetative buds was constant from 70 days after full bloom until the end of the growing season, but the number of appendages in floral buds increased due to the continued production of bracts. The critical bud appendage number for `Starkspur Supreme Delicious' before flower formation was 20, and was stable among rootstocks and years. Buds with diameters above 3.1 mm were generally floral, but on this basis only 65% of buds could be correctly classified. Spur leaf number, spur leaf area, and spur leaf dry weight were not good predictors of floral formation within the spur bud.

Flowering in Dactylis glomerata. I. Photoperiodic requirement

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 677 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Broue
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Treatment Sequence ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

The photoperiodic requirement for flowering of the temperate perennial grass Dactylis glomerata L. nas investigated in controlled environments. The results shoned that short day (SD) vernalization treatments are ineffectise at early stages of seedling growth and, further, that preliminary long days (LD) may enhance the effectiveness of subsequent SD vernalization. Accordingly, it is suggested that a treatment sequence of LD-SD-LD is more effective than the simpler SD-LD sequence in the promotion of flowering. These results are discussed in relation to established findings for this species.

scholarly journals Seasonal Changes in Leaf Tissue Rehydration of One Annual and Two Perennial Grass Forage Species Induced by Bioclimate

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-487
Author(s):  
Eirini - Ia KAPSALI ◽  
Maria KARATASSIOU
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Bioclimate signifies the continuous interplay between plants and climate factors (primarily drought) and has a direct impact on the water relations and the duration of the rehydration process in water stressed plants. To explore the association between bioclimate and water physiology of forage species in semi-arid Mediterranean grasslands, we determined the seasonal variation in leaf water potential, turgid weight and relative water content in wild growing Dactylis glomerata L., Bromus inermis Leyss (perennial) and Bromus sterilis L. (annual) during the growing season. The study was conducted at the farm of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. The results of the current study reveal that B. sterilis maintained high levels of water potential most probably by accelerating its biological cycle and decreasing water content because it fails to sustain turgidity. Dactylis glomerata and B. inermis presented even higher water contents than B. sterilis for the same water potential. Dactylis glomerata exhibited substantially higher water potential and content than B. inermis by keeping the rehydration duration stable. The extensive creeping rhizome seems to allow B. inermis to sustain high values of water potential and content possibly ensuring turgidity. Regardless of the grass species the duration of rehydration ranged from 2.5 to 3.5 hours throughout the growing season. Our findings demonstrate that (a) D. glomerata and B. inermis are better adapted to Mediterranean semiarid conditions than B. sterilis and (b) turgid weight in Mediterranean forage species can safely be determined after a rehydration period of 3.5 hours.

Influence of N Fertilization and N Carryover on Yield and N Concentration of Dactylis glomerata L. 1

1973 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Donohue ◽  
C. L. Rhykerd ◽  
D. A. Holt ◽  
C. H. Noller
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Environmental Variance in Orchardgrass ( Dactylis glomerata L.) 1

Crop Science ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
K. C. Armstrong ◽  
B. R. Christie
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Environmental Variance ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Seed Dormancy in Dactylis Glomerata L. 1

Crop Science ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Canode ◽  
E. V. Horning ◽  
J. D. Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

NITROGENASE ACTIVITY OF ALFALFA GROWN ALONE AND IN MIXTURE WITH GRASS UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 787-791
Author(s):  
H. A. BURITY ◽  
B. E. COULMAN ◽  
M. A. FARIS
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L ◽  
Nodule Tissue

A greenhouse experiment has shown that total nitrogenase activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is not significantly affected when grown in association with timothy (Phleum pratense L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) or orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) except after initial harvest when decreased alfalfa activity was associated with smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass. It was concluded that mixed cultures of alfalfa with timothy, smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass have no effect on alfalfa N2 fixation. The results also suggest the occurrence of N transference from alfalfa to associated grasses. It is speculated that this transfer is not primarily due to the death of roots and nodule tissue (after harvest), but involves some degree of N excretion during the period before initial harvest.Key words: Alfalfa-grass mixtures, N2-fixation, nodule activity, N-transference

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