The effects of grazing management systems on growth and nematode infections of beef cattle

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 825 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Smeal ◽  
PJ Nicholls ◽  
GG Robinson ◽  
JK Bowler ◽  
RF Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Pasture Contamination ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Different grazing management systems were used in autumn and winter on the Tablelands of New South Wales to reduce parasitic infectivity of pastures. The grazing systems were: pasture ungrazed; pasture grazed by undosed adult cattle, by frequently dosed calves, or by sheep. Pasture infectivity was assessed by worm counts made on parasite-free tracer calves during spring, and on permanently grazing steers during summer and the following autumn. Also, liveweight gains of young beef cattle which were dosed and moved to prepared pastures in late July were compared with those of cattle grazing on pastures which had been contaminated by undosed calves. All the grazing systems resulted in reduced levels of pasture contamination with worm eggs, and lower worm burdens of Ostevtagia ostevtagi and other nematodes during spring and early summer. The effects of grazing systems were reflected in greater liveweight responses compared with those of cattle grazing contaminated pasture. Grazing with sheep or adult cattle and using ungrazed pasture produced significant gains of up to 57 kg head-l during spring and summer. In some Tableland areas, continuous grazing of prepared pastures from July to December led to clinical parasitism in summer. The results suggest that pastures were freshly contaminated during spring which, in turn, resulted in a massive increase in O. ostevtagi burdens during summer.

Seasonal diet selection by ewes grazing within contrasting grazing systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicity Cox ◽  
Warwick B. Badgery ◽  
David R. Kemp ◽  
Gaye Krebs
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Continuous Grazing ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
The Relationship

Grazing management systems seek to control the relationship among animals, plants and soil by regulating the number of animals and the duration and location of animals. A greater understanding of the diet selection and activity of livestock within grazing systems will assist producers to make informed management decisions about their management within complex pastures. In the present paper, differences in the diet quality, selection and activity of ewes managed within contrasting systems (continuous-grazing (CG) and an intensive (20-paddock) rotational-grazing (RG) system) within a native pasture in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales, using non-invasive methodologies, are described. During two time periods (late spring and early autumn), the animals grazing within the CG system consumed a diet of higher quality and spent less time active than did those within the RG system. These differences resulted in higher individual animal production of CG animals that were able to maintain the herbage of preferred areas in a vegetative and highly nutritious state. The grazing animals selected the green herbage of higher quality than the average pasture and adjusted their selection seasonally. An underlying mechanism driving selection is the green : dead ratio of the herbage. Practically the results indicated that the green : dead ratio (or greenness) of herbage may provide a management trigger to enhance the production of animals grazing within a RG system, in particular during periods of higher requirement.

scholarly journals A Physiological-Monitoring Electronic Platform for Cattle Grazing Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ricardo R. Santos ◽  
Fabiana V. Alves ◽  
Patrik O. Bressan ◽  
Ricardo E. Aguiar ◽  
Wellington O. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Physiological Monitoring ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Grazing Systems

In this work, we present a non-invasive electronic platform for physiological data acquisition on cattle grazing systems. The platform can be used for dairy and beef cattle to continuously monitor physiological variables such as skin temperature, heartbeats, and respiratory frequency. The set of sensors are coupled into a halter so that they are in touch with the animal's forehead. Users can monitor the data acquired by the electronic device using a mobile device (smartphone or tablet) and it visualizes important physiological parameters in the platform cloud system.

Sustainable grazing systems for the Central Tablelands of New South Wales. 5. A bioeconomic framework for assessing the long-term economic benefits of grazing management tactics and implications for sustainability

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Jones ◽  
P. M. Dowling ◽  
D. L. Michalk ◽  
W. McG. King
Keyword(s):  
Programming Model ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Sustainable Grazing ◽  
Management Tactics

There have been significant declines in the perennial grass (PG) content in native and sown pastures across temperate Australia. Not only has this reduced agricultural productivity, it has contributed to more serious degradation, such as loss of soil and biodiversity, decreasing water quality, and dryland salinity caused by rising watertables. Results from the Sustainable Grazing Systems Key Program (SGS) research undertaken at Carcoar on the Central Tablelands of New South Wales were reported by Michalk et al. (2003). This research indicated that grazing management tactics can be used to manipulate pasture composition, thereby changing animal production and water-use patterns. The main grazing tactic investigated was termed a summer grazing rest, where resting was imposed in late spring if PG composition was <50%. Reported in this present paper is an economic framework for valuing the long-term benefits of grazing management tactics. The framework involves the development of a bioeconomic modelling system that links a dynamic programming model with biophysical models for water and environmental processes, soil fertility, pasture growth, livestock energy requirements and the change in pasture species composition. The study concludes that long-term economic returns are improved by strategies, e.g. a summer rest, that lead to an increase in PG composition over time. The study also determined that environmental factors, such as deep drainage, runoff and soil loss, are reduced as perenniality is increased.

scholarly journals Selecting white clover (Trifolium repens L.) for sheep and cattle grazing environments

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Zulfi Jahufer ◽  
John Ford ◽  
John Caradus ◽  
Derek Woodfield
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Late Autumn ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Adaptation to different grazing systems is an important attribute in white clover breeding. A set of 41 white clover breeding lines and nine commercial cultivars were evaluated under two grazing systems, sheep and cattle, in Manawatu. The objective was to identify lines with either specific or broad adaptation to these two different grazing systems. The trials were established in late autumn 1997 and completed in autumn 2000. Visual scores of clover yield for spring, summer, autumn and winter of year 2 and spring, summer and autumn of year 3 were analysed. There was significant (P

scholarly journals Impacts of Beef Cattle–Grazing Systems on Cattle Distribution and Streambank Erosion

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew M. Haan ◽  
James R. Russell ◽  
Daniel G. Morrical ◽  
Daryl R. Strohbehn ◽  
Wendy J. Powers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Streambank Erosion ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Cattle Distribution

scholarly journals Building the GLENCOE Platform -Grasslands LENding eConomic and ecOsystems sErvices

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thais Devincenzi ◽  
Martín Jaurena ◽  
Martín Durante ◽  
Jean Víctor Savian ◽  
Gabriel Ciappesoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grazing Management ◽  
System Level ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Livestock Systems

To feed the rising population whilst also preserving ecosystem functions, creative solutions are needed for the ecological intensification of natural grassland-based livestock systems. In Uruguay, natural grasslands are the main nutritional resource for livestock production. In these ecosystems, cattle and sheep graze together all the year round, and grasslands are frequently heavily grazed. Considerable research has been generated concerning grassland management, but there is still no knowledge about the impact of decision rules that supports management actions on long-term ecosystem functioning, at the system level. To meet this deficit, a participatory working group of farmers, researchers, and consultants have developed the GLENCOE platform. This platform is a large-scale facility, supported by INIA-Uruguay, designed to answer the following question: How to intensify the grazing management to improve the sustainability of livestock systems based on natural grasslands? To build the platform three steps were followed: (I) definition of the research problem using a problem tree analysis; (ii) conceptualization of the platform and the design of the grazing systems to be evaluated; and, (iii) spatial allocation of the grazing systems according to the variability of soil, slopes, and seasonal dynamic of vegetation indexes. These criteria were considered across farmlets that were equivalent in the initial stage, allowing causal inferences for the systems trajectories on productive and environmental traits. The platform is composed of three independent farmlets of 50 ha each, where multiparous Hereford cows and Merinos wethers co-graze under three grazing management systems. Each farmlet is managed according to different spatio-temporal decisions of the specific management of vegetation communities, grazing methods, and the stockpile of forage that is allowed by the number of the existing paddocks. Farmlet-1; comprises less decisions (2 paddocks), Farmlet-2; intermediate (8 paddocks), and Farmlet-3; high level of decisions (32 paddocks). This innovative platform will be used as a participatory and interdisciplinary space for research and co-learning of management on processes that can only be observed in long-term evaluations, and at farmlet scale. We expect that this new approach will contribute to the developement and implemention of sustainable grazing management systems in Uruguay.

Effects of four grazing management systems on the production and persistence of dryland lucerne in central western New South Wales

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (62) ◽  
pp. 259 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Brownlee
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Rotational Grazing ◽  
South Wales

During an experiment conducted for eighteen months at Condobolin, New South Wales, the production and persistence of dryland lucerne grazed by Merino wethers at 10 ha-1 yr-1 were measured under set stocking and three rotational grazing treatments differing in length of spelling period between grazings (grazed one week in four, six or eight weeks). The results showed that although dry matter availability and lucerne survival increased with decreased grazing frequency, only 35 per cent of the lucerne survived in the treatment with the slowest rotation.

The influence of seasonal pasture production and grazing management on seasonal wool growth

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (18) ◽  
pp. 252 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Summer Minimum ◽  
Autumn And Winter

The wool growth by Merino ewes grazed on sown annual pastures and by Merino weaners grazed on sown perennial pastures was measured at six-weekly intervals for three years. The ewes were from four groups with different grazing treatments and the weaners were from two grazing treatments. Wool was clipped from tattooed mid-side areas and the weight of clean, oven-dry wool in each sample was determined and staple length and fibre diameter measured. In all pears and in all groups of sheep there were seasonal fluctuations in weight, length, and fibre diameter of the wool. Growth was rapid during autumn and late spring but retarded during winter and summer. With few exceptions the summer and winter minima were not significantly different. The exceptions were mainly due to the summer minimum for a group being less than the winter minimum for the same group ; only in two cases was the summer minimum significantly greater than the winter minimum, and in both of these there was drought during the autumn and winter. The results, obtained at Canberra, A.C.T., are considered representative of the southern and central tablelands of New South Wales.

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