The Influence of the Ca2+/K+ Balance and Light Energy on Alkaloid Content and Parttioning in Datura stramonium

1997 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Demeyer ◽  
R. Dejaegere
Keyword(s):  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Light Energy ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Alkaloid Production ◽  
Light Regimes ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Energy Regime ◽  
Thorn Apple

The influence of a varying Ca2+/K+ balance on alkaloid production and accumulation in Datura stramonium var. tatula L. Torr. (thorn-apple) was examined. Plants were grown in culture on two different mineral media, that varied only in the proportions of the two cations. In addition, plants were cultured under two different light regimes to investigate a possible interaction between different ecophysiological parameters. When plants were grown under a higher light energy regime, more alkaloids accumulated in the plants during a certain stage of development, but also a higher proportion was found in fruits and seeds. This was associated with a lower alkaloid content in leaves and stems. The observed effect of the Ca2+/K+ balance on alkaloid content in the leaves, was affected by the different light regimes. An interpretation, including the possible influence on glutamine content, is put forward.

scholarly journals Effects of Sowing Date on Some Agronomic Characteristics and Alkaloid Content of Datura Stramonium in Semi-Arid Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
S. Kizil ◽  
Ö. Tonçer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Total Alkaloid ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Thorn Apple ◽  
Total Alkaloid Content ◽  
Herb Yield

Abstract Alkaloids of diferent plant, including many Solanaceae species, constitute important natural sources for variety of pharmaceutical products. The amounts of various secondary plant products are strongly dependent on the growing conditions and agronomical applications such as planting date, fertilization, irrigation etc. The aim of this was to study the effects of sowing date on some agronomic characteristics and total alkaloid content of thorn apple (Datura stramonium), investigated in the environmental conditions from Dicle University, Agricultural Faculty, Field Crops Department experimental area, during 2010 and 2011 growing years. In the research, plant height, stem diameter, number of branches per plant, number of capsule per plant, capsule width, capsule length, 1000-seed weight, fresh herb yield, herba yield, seed yield and total alkaloid content were examined. At the end of the study, in the trial of thorn apple with sowing dates, according to two years mean, seed yield, fresh herb yield, dry herb yield and total alkaloid yield were changed between 335 kg ha−1 and 704 kg ha−1, 5933 and 20537 kg ha−1, 1613 kg ha−1 and 4800 kg ha−1, and 0.270% and 0.391%, respectively. The effect of sowing date was found significant on the investigated characteristics, when sowing delayed, agronomic characteristics were also decreased. The highest values related with seed yield, fresh and dry herbage of thorn apple were obtained sowing of 01 Apr. Moreover, thorn apple plant showed morphogenetic variation when compared leaf and seed alkaloid contents.

Effect of the nitrogen form used in the growth medium (NO3 −, NH4 +) on alkaloid production in Datura stramonium L.

1992 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Demeyer ◽  
R. Dejaegere
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Alkaloid Production ◽  
Nitrogen Form

Allelopathic potential of Datura stramonium L. (Thorn-apple)

Weed Research ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. LOVETT ◽  
JUDY LEVITT ◽  
A. M. DUFFIELD ◽  
N.G. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Thorn Apple

INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN ON THE ALKALOID CONTENT OF DATURA STRAMONIUM

1993 ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Demeyer ◽  
R. Dejaegere
Keyword(s):  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Alkaloid Content

scholarly journals Alkaloid Production in Tissue Cultures of Papaver somniferum L. cv. Office-95

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esin Akçam Oluk
Keyword(s):  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Opium Poppy ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Alkaloid Production ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Alkaloid Synthesis ◽  
Callus Tissues

The capacity of alkaloid synthesis was examined in embryogenic callus tissues of Turkish opium poppy, Papaver somniferum L cv. office-95. Eight months old cultures grown in hormone-free MS were examined for alkaloid content. They were found to produce codeine at a level of 1.2 x 10-2, the baine 2.5 x 10-3, noscapine 2.2 x 10-3, morphine 1.6 x 10-3 and papaverine 5.2 x 10-4 % FW.Key words: Papaver somniferum, Embryogenic callus, AlkaloidsDOI = 10.3329/ptcb.v16i1.1098Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 16(1): 1-4, 2006 (June)

Alternaria crassa. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
El Salvador ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Jimson Weed ◽  
Thorn Apple

Abstract A description is provided for Alternaria crassa. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Datura stramonium (Jimson weed, thorn apple) and other species of Datura. DISEASE: Leaf spot of Datura. Irregular, straw-coloured, zonate spots occur first on the lower leaves, spreading upwards until later in the growing season the seed pods develop dark, sunken lesions. Heavily infected leaves are often shed. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Cuba, Cyprus, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Germany, Ghana, India, Italy, Jamaica, Kenya, Mozambique, Nepal, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Rhodesia, Rumania, Spain, Sudan, Switzerland, Tanzania, Turkey, Uganda, U.S.A., U.S.S.R., Venezuela, Yugoslavia, Zambia. TRANSMISSION: Not known.

scholarly journals Tissue and subcellular distribution of the lectin from Datura stramonium (thorn apple)

1979 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
D C Kilpatrick ◽  
M M Yeoman ◽  
A R Gould
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Protein Body ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Immunofluorescent Staining ◽  
Lectin Activity ◽  
Thorn Apple ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
Homogenization Medium

Plants of Datura stramonium (thorn-apple) were dissected into their component tissues and examined for the presence of the Datura lectin. This lectin was easily detected in seeds and in various parts of the flowers of adult plants. Traces were also found in green (emerged) cotyledons and roots of seedlings. The specific lectin activity in seeds contained within the fruits increased as the seeds matured. Mature seeds were homogenized in sucrose and separated by differential centrifugation into four fractions, three of which were clearly of distinct composition. Most of the lectin activity sedimented with the low-speed (cell-wall/protein-body) pellet, but a similar specific activity was recovered from the other fractions. However, if EDTA was included in the homogenization medium, three or four times more lectin activity was recovered in the soluble fraction. Immunofluorescent staining of formaldehyde-fixed sections showed that the lectin was localized in the cytoplasm, with little associated with cell walls. The possible relevance of these results to the function of the lectin in plant cells is discussed.

scholarly journals Thorn apple (Datura stramonium L.) allelopathy on cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Zimbabwe

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (29) ◽  
pp. 1460-1467
Author(s):  
Sakadzo Nyasha ◽  
Innocent Pahla ◽  
Simbarashe Muzemu ◽  
Ronald Mandumbu ◽  
Kasirayi Makaza
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Thorn Apple

Influence of minerals and elicitation on Datura stramonium L. tropane alkaloid production: Modelization of the in vitro biochemical response

Plant Science ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Amdoun ◽  
L. Khelifi ◽  
M. Khelifi-Slaoui ◽  
S. Amroune ◽  
E.-H. Benyoussef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Tropane Alkaloid ◽  
Biochemical Response ◽  
Alkaloid Production

Alkaloid production in Catharanthus roseus cell cultures: Initial studies on cell lines and their alkaloid content

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2583-2587 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.G.W. Kurz ◽  
K.B. Chatson ◽  
F. Constabel ◽  
James P. Kutney ◽  
Lewis S.L. Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Alkaloid Content ◽  
Alkaloid Production
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