Multiplet supercurrent in Josephson tunneling circuits

The multi-terminal Josephson effect allows DC supercurrent to flow at finite commensurate voltages. Existing proposals to realize this effect rely on nonlocal Andreev processes in superconductor-normal-superconductor junctions. However, this approach requires precise control over microscopic states and is obscured by dissipative current. We show that standard tunnel Josephson circuits also support multiplet supercurrent mediated only by local tunneling processes. Furthermore, we observe that the supercurrents persist even in the high charging energy regime in which only sequential Cooper transfers are allowed. Finally, we demonstrate that the multiplet supercurrent in these circuits has a quantum geometric component that is distinguishable from the well-known adiabatic contribution.

An analysis of how political governance of liquid fuels contributes to energy security in Papua New Guinea

<p>This study examines how political governance of liquid fuels at the institutional level contributes to energy security in Papua New Guinea (PNG) from a political economic perspective. An interpretive methodology and critical case analysis design were used to analyse LNG energy governance regime (policies, legislation, and institutions) and its relationship with energy security. The research design involved analysis of participants’ observations and documents in relation to the critical cases (instances) in the practice of the energy regime under the Somare and O’Neill governments between 2002 and 2017. By using the characteristics of the Quality Energy Governance Framework (QEGF) which emerged from the analysis of the literature on energy governance and energy security, this study shared a new policy insight that energy security is actually created through the interactions that occur between political actors and the institutions and processes of energy governance. The study found that energy governance is a system of interacting institutions, policies and legislation created by the political institutions for the purpose of achieving economic efficiency in order to produce public value. The effective functioning of this system depends on the quality of the political institutions. A strong political institution constructs a quality policy regime which, in turn, translates into operational and adaptive qualities of an energy regime that enhances energy security. Alternatively, where a political institution is weak, the operational and adaptive qualities of the energy governance system are also incrementally diminished, thus generating energy insecurity, which, in turn, affects development outcomes. Accordingly, the study concludes that in PNG the qualities of the energy governance system did not seem to effectively function efficiently as a whole due to the political-economic interests and non-compliance to the institutional qualities. This, in turn, has had the effect of generating energy insecurity rather than enhancing energy security. In effect, the practices associated with the formal governance arrangements have failed to deliver a consistent and predictable governance system for PNG LNG and development outcomes have suffered as a result. The social interaction of political and economic actors and their interests in the energy governance system is complex and quite difficult to predict, resulting in an unstable energy regime. Given the unpredictability of this energy regime, political reform should assume primacy as a first order priority to withstand emerging energy governance issues and challenges that might contribute to energy insecurity.</p>

An analysis of how political governance of liquid fuels contributes to energy security in Papua New Guinea

<p>This study examines how political governance of liquid fuels at the institutional level contributes to energy security in Papua New Guinea (PNG) from a political economic perspective. An interpretive methodology and critical case analysis design were used to analyse LNG energy governance regime (policies, legislation, and institutions) and its relationship with energy security. The research design involved analysis of participants’ observations and documents in relation to the critical cases (instances) in the practice of the energy regime under the Somare and O’Neill governments between 2002 and 2017. By using the characteristics of the Quality Energy Governance Framework (QEGF) which emerged from the analysis of the literature on energy governance and energy security, this study shared a new policy insight that energy security is actually created through the interactions that occur between political actors and the institutions and processes of energy governance. The study found that energy governance is a system of interacting institutions, policies and legislation created by the political institutions for the purpose of achieving economic efficiency in order to produce public value. The effective functioning of this system depends on the quality of the political institutions. A strong political institution constructs a quality policy regime which, in turn, translates into operational and adaptive qualities of an energy regime that enhances energy security. Alternatively, where a political institution is weak, the operational and adaptive qualities of the energy governance system are also incrementally diminished, thus generating energy insecurity, which, in turn, affects development outcomes. Accordingly, the study concludes that in PNG the qualities of the energy governance system did not seem to effectively function efficiently as a whole due to the political-economic interests and non-compliance to the institutional qualities. This, in turn, has had the effect of generating energy insecurity rather than enhancing energy security. In effect, the practices associated with the formal governance arrangements have failed to deliver a consistent and predictable governance system for PNG LNG and development outcomes have suffered as a result. The social interaction of political and economic actors and their interests in the energy governance system is complex and quite difficult to predict, resulting in an unstable energy regime. Given the unpredictability of this energy regime, political reform should assume primacy as a first order priority to withstand emerging energy governance issues and challenges that might contribute to energy insecurity.</p>

Wave zone in the Hořava–Lifshitz theory at the kinetic-conformal point in the low energy regime

We show that in the Hořava–Lifshitz theory at the kinetic-conformal point, in the low energy regime, a wave zone for asymptotically flat fields can be consistently defined. In it, the physical degrees of freedom, the transverse traceless tensorial modes, satisfy a linear wave equation. The Newtonian contributions, among which there are terms which manifestly break the relativistic invariance, are non-trivial but do not obstruct the free propagation (radiation) of the physical degrees of freedom. For an appropriate value of the couplings of the theory, the wave equation becomes the relativistic one in agreement with the propagation of the gravitational radiation in the wave zone of General Relativity. Previously to the wave zone analysis, and in general grounds, we obtain the physical Hamiltonian of the Hořava–Lifshitz theory at the kinetic-conformal point in the constrained submanifold. We determine the canonical physical degrees of freedom in a particular coordinate system. They are well defined functions of the transverse-traceless modes of the metric and coincide with them in the wave zone and also at linearized level.

From soft to hard radiation: the role of multiple scatterings in medium-induced gluon emissions

A proper understanding of the physics of medium-induced gluon emissions is known to be of critical importance to describe the properties of strongly interacting matter under extreme conditions. In this regard, many theoretical efforts have been directed towards obtaining analytical calculations which might help us discerning the underlying physical picture and the dominant dynamics for different regimes. These analytical approaches rely on approximations whose validity is analyzed here by comparing their results with a recently developed numerical evaluation which includes all-order resummation of multiple scatterings. More specifically, by quantitatively comparing the energy spectrum and rates, we observe that three different regimes — each with its corresponding physical picture — emerge naturally from the equations: the high-energy regime where the emission process is dominated by a single hard scattering, the intermediate-energy regime where coherence effects among multiple scatterings become fundamental, and the low-energy regime where the dynamics is again dominated by a single scattering but where one must include the suppression factor due to the probability of not having any further scatterings (which is obtained through the resummation of virtual terms).