Unveiling of suppressed genes in interspecific and backcross populations derived from mutants of Cicer species

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 254 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Oncu Ceylan ◽  
Alper Adak ◽  
Duygu Sari ◽  
Hatice Sari ◽  
Cengiz Toker
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Transgressive Segregation ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Large Seed ◽  
Cicer Species ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
F1 Progeny ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Transgressive Segregations

Although many interspecific crosses in Cicer species have successfully been carried out to improve the population in cultivated chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), interspecific and backcross populations derived from mutants of Cicer species have not been studied for revealing suppressed genes responsible for heterotic effects and transgressive segregations. Therefore, the study aimed (i) to estimate heterosis (here, offspring superior to mid-parent value) and heterobeltiosis (offspring superior to better parent) for yield and yield components in the F1; (ii) to decipher transgressive segregation (extreme phenotypes) in F2 and backcross populations; and (iii) to reveal suppressed genes in interspecific and backcross populations (C. arietinum × F1 and C. reticulatum Ladiz.× F1) derived from interspecific crosses between a mutant of C. arietinum and a mutant of C. reticulatum. Heterobeltiosis was found for seed and biological yields, number of branches, and number of pods per plant in F1 progeny; heterosis was determined for the additional traits of 100-seed weight and harvest index. Heterobeltiosis and heterosis for yield and yield components in F1 progeny prompted transgressive segregation for these traits in F2 and backcross populations. In the backcrosses, C. arietinum × F1 crosses produced greater seed size and more pods per plant than C. reticulatum × F1, suggesting that C. arietinum × F1 backcrossing could improve yield components and lead to large seed size. Most of the high-yielding progeny in F2 and C. arietinum × F1 populations had double-podded nodes. It was concluded that the suppressed genes in a mutant of C. reticulatum or a mutant of C. arietinum played a crucial role in increasing transgressive segregations and allowing the cultivated chickpea to gain increased yield and yield components as well as large seed size.

scholarly journals Causation between Agronomic Traits in Homozygous Soybean Lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochammad Muchlish ADIE ◽  
Ayda KRISNAWATI
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Large Seed ◽  
Wet Biomass ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
Number Of Branches

Seed yield in soybean is associated with other yield components. The objective of the study was to investigate the pattern of relationship between seed yield and yield components in soybean. Agronomic characters and seed yield of 147 soybean homozygous lines (HL) and 3 check cultivars (Dega 1, Detap 1, and Anjasmoro) were evaluated in Banyuwangi (East Java, Indonesia) from April to July 2018. The field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with 2 replications. After threshing, the HLs were grouped into large seed size (> 14.00 g/100 seeds) and medium seed size (10 - 14 g/100 seeds). The causation and inter-relationship between yield components and seed yield were quantified using path analysis. Based on the seed size, a total of 150 HLs was grouped into 97 lines and 53 lines of large and medium seed size, respectively. The correlation analysis showed a similar pattern between groups of large and medium seed size. The seed yield in both groups was highly determined by the characters of the number of filled pods, number of nodes, number of branches, plant height, and wet biomass. The results of path analysis revealed that plant age, particularly the length of the generative phase, was an important factor affecting seed yield in large seed soybean lines. The length of the generative phase determining the soybean yield in this study can be suggested to be used as selection criteria to obtain high yielding and large seed size variety. HIGHLIGHTS The investigation on the pattern of relationship between seed yield and yield components in soybean The path analysis to quantify the causation and inter-relationship between yield components and seed yield  The soybean seed yield was highly determined by the characters of the number of filled pods, number of nodes, number of branches, plant height, and wet biomass The length of the generative phase could be used as selection criteria to obtain high yielding and large seed size soybean variety

scholarly journals Yield performance and agronomic character association in soybean genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 911 (1) ◽  
pp. 012023
Author(s):  
RT Hapsari ◽  
MM Adie ◽  
A Krisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Number Of Branches

Abstract The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance of yield and yield components of soybean genotypes, as well as the relationship pattern among characters that affect the seed yield. The research material consists of 145 F5 lines and five check cultivars, which were evaluated for their yield and yield components in Malang and Probolinggo, using a randomized block design with two replicates. The combined analysis of variance for yield and yield component showed a significant interaction effect between location and genotype for the number of branches, the number of empty pods, 100 seed weight, and seed yield. The performance of yield and yield components of soybean genotypes tested in Malang showed earlier maturity, taller plants, larger seed size, and higher seed yields when compared to research conducted in Probolinggo. In the selection for the best genotypes, ten genotypes were chosen for their large seed size criteria, while two genotypes were chosen for their relatively medium maturity (81 days) in the location of Malang. In Probolinggo, of the ten genotypes, three genotypes with medium maturity, and three genotypes with medium seed size. The selected genotypes will proceed to the stage of the advanced yield trial. The association study revealed that soybean yield has a positive correlation with plant height, number of nodes, number of branches, number of filled pods, days to flowering, and days to maturity. Those yield components could be used as selection criteria in the breeding program to obtain high-yielding soybean cultivars.

THE INFLUENCE OF SEED SIZE AND SEEDING RATE ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF BARLEY

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Demirlicakmak ◽  
M. L. Kaufmann ◽  
L. P. V. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Kernel Weights ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Poor Indicator ◽  
Small Seed ◽  
Size Interaction

Field experiments with three seed sizes and three seeding rates of each of three barley varieties were conducted in 1959 and 1960 at Edmonton and Lacombe, Alberta. Data were obtained on emergence, culm counts, grain yields, and 1000-kernel weights. Although there was no effect of seed size on emergence, the culm counts and yields were highest for large seed and lowest for small seed over all rates, varieties, and tests. The differences between yields from large and small seed decreased slightly as the seeding rate increased, but the seeding-rate × seed-size interaction was not statistically significant. There were varietal differences in yield response to seeding rates. It was, therefore, concluded that seeding rates in test plots should conform to those used in farming practice. The rate of seeding had a significant influence on 1000-kernel weights. The lowest rate produced the heaviest kernels and the highest rate produced the lightest kernels in each of four tests. Tillering capacity alone was a poor indicator of resulting yields. Results from further experiments, involving four seed categories of nine varieties in two tests, corroborated the above findings.

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