Effect of density on growth, development, yield and quality of kabocha (Cucurbita maxima)

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
T. Botwright ◽  
N. Mendham ◽  
B. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Growth Development

Summary. The effect of plant density on growth, development, yield and quality of kabocha (buttercup squash) (Cucurbita maxima) was examined during 1992–93, at a field site in Cambridge, Tasmania. Plant densities ranged between 0.5 and 4.7 plants/m2. Marketable and total yields were fitted to a yield–density model. Total yield followed an asymptotic trend, approaching 33 t/ha at 4.7 plants/m2, while marketable yield had a parabolic relationship with density. Marketable yield increased to a maximum of 18 t/ha at 1.1 plants/m2, while declining at higher densities because of increased numbers of undersized fruit. Yield of vine marked and callused fruit did not vary with density, but represented a significant proportion of the total yield at all densities. High plant density reduced vegetative growth per plant due to competition for limited resources; as shown by decreased leaf area, number and length of vines, and plant dry weight. Yield tended to decline at high densities because of fewer female flowers and increased fruit abortion per plant. Plants at low densities had more vegetative growth but decreased yields, as increased abortion of fruit relative to the higher plant densities left only 1–2 large fruit per plant. Economic returns varied with plant density. At high densities, variable costs increased (particularly due to high seed cost) while gross income declined reflecting the relationship between marketable yield and plant density. The gross margin therefore declined at high densities.

Response of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) yield and hollow stem to plant density, trickle irrigation and transplanting date

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 729-735
Author(s):  
K R. Sanderson ◽  
S. A. E. Fillmore
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Trickle Irrigation ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

Maximizing yield and quality of processing broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is critical to successful production in Atlantic Canada. Field studies were conducted from 2004 to 2006 to evaluate the effect of plant density and trickle irrigation on the yields and incidence of hollow stem for early and late transplanting of broccoli. Treatments consisted of five plant densities ranging from 3.17 to 6.35 plants m–2. Each plant density was either not irrigated or trickle irrigated to maintain at least 25 mm total precipitation per week. The highest marketable yield was achieved at 5.56 plants m–2 when grown in an early transplanting with trickle irrigation in a single row with 90 cm between the row and 20 cm within the row. Overall, earlier transplanting dates were more productive. Trickle irrigation increased marketable yield by an average of 12% over the 3 yr of tests. Average head weight, head diameter, and the incidence of hollow stem decreased as plant density increased. Leaf tissue N was not affected by plant density, trickle irrigation or transplanting date.Key words: Brassica oleracea L. italica, plant density, yield, growth

scholarly journals Yield of determinate tomato cultivars grown in a closed hydroponic system as affected by plant spacing

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M Maboko ◽  
Christian P Du Plooy ◽  
Silence Chiloane
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Fall Season ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Hydroponic Systems

ABSTRACT In South Africa there are no established spacing recommendations for determinate tomato cultivar production under closed hydroponic systems. This study was conducted to determine yield and quality of hydroponically grown determinate tomato cultivars at different plant densities. Four determinate tomato cultivars (Dynimo, Mariana, Mion and Sama) were subjected to four plant densities (10, 16, 20 and 25 plants/m2) during the spring/summer and summer/fall seasons. Experimental layout was a randomized complete block design in a factorial scheme of four plant spacing x four cultivars with three replicates. There were no significant differences in marketable yield between the cultivars tested during the spring/summer and summer/fall seasons. Cultivar Mion showed higher incidence of blossom end rot, while Mariana showed the highest fruit rot during the spring/summer season as compared to the other cultivars. During the spring/summer season, marketable yield increased with increased plant density with the highest yield obtained at 25 plants/m2 followed by 20 plants/m2. During the summer/fall season, plant density did not show a significant effect on total and marketable yield although a tendency for declined yield with increased density was observed. Number of fruit per plant as well as fruit size decreased with increased plant density during both seasons which did not have an effect on overall yield per plot area. Increasing the plant density to 25 plants/m2 can improve marketable yield of determinate tomato cultivars during spring/summer season while using a plant density of 10 plants/m2 will be more cost effective during the summer/fall season. This information will enable farmers to optimise yield and quality of determinate tomato cultivars under closed hydroponic systems.

scholarly journals Between-row spacing and local accession on the yield and quality of garlic

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal-Ali Olfati ◽  
Mohammad-Bagher Mahdieh-Najafabadi ◽  
Mohammad Rabiee
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Plant Stand

Garlic is primarily grown for its cloves used mostly as a food flavoring condiment. Previous studies carried out on plant density indicate its direct influence on yield. Plant density depends on the genotype, environmental factors, cultural practices, etc. This study was established to determine the effects of different between-row spacing on growth, yield, and quality of four local accession of garlic. It was laid out on two-factorial Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications during two years. Four local accession of garlic (Langroud, Tarom, Tabriz and Hamedan) were culture in three between-rows spacing (15, 25 and 35 cm) during two years. The results of two cultivated years were different. Plant density changed when garlic cultured with different between row spacing. In present research plant yield increased when the lower between row spacing and high plant density were used but the yield improvement occurring at increased plant stand is offset by the reduction in bulb size and some quality indices such as total phenol and antioxidant which severely affects quality and market value, when garlic is produced for fresh market.

IRRIGATION, SPACING AND NITROGEN EFFECTS ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF PICKLING CUCUMBERS GROWN FOR MECHANICAL HARVESTING

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN O’SULLIVAN
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Plant Density ◽  
Pickling Cucumbers ◽  
Effect On Yield

The effects of plant spacing and irrigation at two rates of N in 1977 and 1978 and one rate of N in 1979 on yield and quality of pickling cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.) harvested once-over was investigated. Plant populations significantly affected yield, with highest yields produced at the highest population of 64 plants/m2 each year. Irrigation and N rate had no significant effect on yield. Lack of soil moisture was not a limiting factor on yield during the critical growth stage of early fruit set in any year. Plant population also significantly affected fruit quality. In general, fruit quality decreased as plant population increased. Irrigation affected fruit quality only in 1977 while N rate affected quality in 1977 and 1978. Fruit color was affected by irrigation and N, but not by plant populations. Planting arrangement had no significant effect on yield or quality. Tissue N decreased with increasing population and irrigation in 1977 and indicated an increased demand for N when cucumbers are produced with irrigation at high plant density.

scholarly journals Effects of Seedborne Potato Leafroll Virus on Russet Norkotah Potato

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 1122-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Hamm ◽  
D. C. Hane
Keyword(s):  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Russet Norkotah ◽  
Infected Seed ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Healthy Seed

Tuber yield and quality of cv. Russet Norkotah potato plants grown from seed infected with potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) were compared with tuber yield and quality of adjacent plants grown from virus-free seed. Plants from PLRV-infected seed produced at least 60% less total yield and 88% less marketable yield (tubers >85 g) than plants grown from healthy seed. PLRV-infected seed also produced plants with fewer and smaller tubers than plants grown from healthy seed. No compensatory yield was measured in plants grown from PLRV-free seed growing adjacent to plants from PLRV-infected seed.

scholarly journals Investigation of some production factors on yield and quality of dry beans

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Nemeskéri
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
High Level ◽  
Basic Level

The correlation between plant density and yield average shows that the volume of yield increases in varieties of large and medium-size seeds up to a plant density of 285-400 thousand/ha, after which it declines. On the basis of the results, yield averages at plant densities of 285-334 thousand plant/ha are 0.17 t/ha higher than those achieved at low density (200 thousand plant/ha). High levels of potassium fertilizer did not enhance the yield of dry beans. With adequate-water supply the high level of potassium decreased the number of pods and seeds per plant compared with a basic level of fertilizer, which could ensure 2.5 t/ha yield.

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE STUDIES ON DOWNY MILDEW Peronospora destructor AFFECTING ON GROWTH AND ONION SEED PRODUCTION IN UPPER EUPHRATES AREA

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al- Maadhedi & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
The Other ◽  
Timing Control ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Onion Seed ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Onion Cultivar

This study was conducted during the seasons 2009 and 2010 using local Red onion cultivar in order to determine the plant densities (the best distance between the plants) and the timing control (the best time to spray fungicide) for the purpose of reducing Downy Mildew (DM) incidence and severity, to improve the quality of vegetative growth and flowering in order to achieve high seed yielding. The distances 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 cm between the plants were used, and six dates of spraying the fungicide (Redomil MZ 72 WP) was attempted; after one month of planting, after 60 days of planting, twice spraying one after one month followed with another after a month, when reveal 50% of flowering racemes, and after 100% of the plants was flowering, as well as the comparison treatment without spraying. This study revealed that the plant density 25 cm between the plants was the best among the other plant densities, where given the highest % of flowering, number of blossoms racemes plant-1, % of floral fertilization, reduction in % of infection with DM, so was obtained the highest production of seeds, reaching; 63.75%, 2.99 racemes/plant, 64.27%, 14.86 %, and 408.48 kg.ha-1., respectively. Results also showed that treating the plants two times with the fungicide, the first after one month followed with another after a month and using the plant density 25 cm between the plants was achieved a significant increase on a number of tubular blade, %of flowering, number of blossoms raceme.plant-1, %of floral fertilization, reduction in %of infection with DM, so was obtained the highest production of seeds, reaching ; 9.92 Blades.plant-1, 64.44 %, 3.17, 80.41 %, 4.38 %, and 423.63 kg.ha-1., respectively.  

scholarly journals 212 Effects of Plant Density on Growth, Yield, and Quality of Fresh-market Sweet Corn

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 478E-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuming Hao
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
High Plant Density

In summer 1998, two sh2, fresh-market, sweet corn cultivars (`Candy Corner'—large plant size, and `Swifty'—small plant size) were grown at 5, 6.5, 8, and 9.5 plants/m2 to investigate the effects of plant density on growth, photosynthesis, biomass, yield, and quality. Biomass and leaf area per plant were not affected by plant density. Therefore, biomass and leaf area per unit area were increased with increasing plant density. Plant height, leaf chlorophyll, leaf photosynthesis, and transpiration (measured with the LI-COR 6400 portable photosynthesis system) were not affected by plant density. Total cob weight (husk off) and number of ears harvested from plants were increased with increasing plant density. However, marketable yield (number of marketable ears) was not affected by plant density and marketable cob weight (husk off) decreased with increasing plant density due to the reduction in ear size with high plant density. There was a significant increase in percentage of unmarketable ears at plant density higher than 6.5 plant/m2 with `Candy Corner'. Kernel sugar content (°Brix) in both cultivars increased with plant density. According to the results of this experiment, the optimum plant density for fresh-market sweet corn was 5 to 6 plants/m 2.

Effect of different rootstock on plant growth, yield and quality of watermelon

2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yetisir ◽  
N. Sari
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Cucurbita Maxima ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Potential Use

This study was conducted in Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Cukurova in 1999 and 2000. Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum and Nakai] cultivar Crimson Tide was grafted onto 10 different rootstocks. Cucurbita moschata, Cucurbita maxima and Lagenaria siceraria were open pollinated cultivars, and Strong Tosa, Gold Tosa, P360 (Cucurbita maxima × Cucurbita moschata), Skopje, Emphasis, 216 and FRG (Lagenaria spp.) were hybrid cultivars. The ungrafted Crimson Tide watermelon cultivar was used as the control. Plants were grown under low tunnel conditions until the outdoor temperature was suitable (22–25°C) for watermelon growth. Our results showed that while survival rate was low (65%) in Cucurbita type rootstocks, it was high (95%) in Lagenaria type rootstocks. Grafted plants flowered about 10 days earlier and showed more vigorous vegetative growth than the control plants. Grafted plants had up to 148% higher fresh weights than control plants. Similarly, grafted plants showed 42–180% higher dry weight, 58–100% more leaves and larger leaf area as compared with the control. In total yield, Lagenaria type rootstocks produced a higher yield but Cucurbita type rootstocks produced a lower yield than the control. While control plants had 6.43 kg/m2 yield, Lagenaria type rootstocks produced 27–106% higher yield than the control. In contrast, Cucurbita type rootstocks had 127–240% less yield than the control. This could be attributed to incompatibility of Cucurbita rootstocks because some of the plants died before harvest. The study showed that rootstock choices influence plant growth as well as yield and quality of scion fruit, suggesting an important consideration in the potential use of grafting applications in watermelon.

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