Influence of foliar-applied fungicides on seed yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in northern New South Wales

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Marcellos ◽  
KJ Moore ◽  
A Nikandrow
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Chocolate Spot ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Better Than

The effects of 5 foliar-applied fungicides on seed yield of faba bean (Vicia faba) cv. Fiord were studied over 3 years at Tamworth in northern New South Wales. In 2 seasons when the diseases chocolate spot (Botrytis fabae) and rust (Uromyces viciae-fabae) were significant, 5 applications of foliar fungicides after flowering increased yield, by up to 1.6 t/ha in 1990 and nearly 0.9 t/ha in 1992, compared with the unsprayed treatment.Mancozeb, dichlofluanid, and tebuconazole were the most effective fungicides for preventing yield reduction, and vinclozolin and procymidone had little or no effect. Mancozeb and tebuconazole were effective in reducing the severity of both diseases, whereas procymidone was only active against chocolate spot. Differences between the most effective fungicides when applied 5 times or twice (at early and mid flowering) were seldom significant. Seed yields following 2 applications of tebuconazole were significantly higher than from 1 application, but for mancozeb, 2 applications were better than 1 in 1992 only. It was estimated that rust accounted for most of the yield loss in 1990 and 1992, and did so mainly by reducing seed size. Application of mancozeb early and during late flowering provided an effective and economical increase in grain yield in 1990 and 1992.

Effects of herbicides on wallaby grass (Danthonia spp.). 2. Established plants

1994 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 759 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Lodge ◽  
MG McMillan
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Annual Grass ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Seed Yields

Three experiments were conducted at Tamworth, New South Wales, in 1990-92 to assess the effects of a range of broadleaf and grass herbicides, 6 rates of glyphosate and paraquat + diquat, and 4 rates of 2,4-D amine and diuron on the phytotoxicity, dry matter yield, inflorescence number, and seed yield of established Danthonia (wallaby grass) plants. Phytotoxicity was scored visually on a 0-5 scale (0, no phytotoxicity; 5, 100%). Danthonia dry matter yields were not affected (P<0.05) by any herbicide tested, except glyphosate applied at 2360 g a.i./ha. Phytotoxicity was highest for the glyphosate treatment (1440 g a.i./ha) in that study. All rates of glyphosate, and paraquat + diquat rates >250 + 150 g a.i./ha reduced (P<0.05) inflorescence number compared with the unsprayed control. Paraquat + diquat had no significant effect on seed yield, but glyphosate rates >360 g a.i./ha reduced (P<0.05) seed yield compared with the control. In 1992, no damage was observed on 2,4-D amine treatments and phytotoxicity scores were low (<2) for all diuron treatments. Danthonia inflorescence numbers and seed yields were higher (P<0.05) on plots mown in early spring than on unmown treatments. The lack of effect of herbicides such as diclofopmethyl, simazine, fenoxaprop-ethyl, and diuron on Danthonia dry matter yield, and the low phytotoxicity, indicated that a range of chemicals may be used on established Danthonia swards to control perennial and annual grass weeds. Seed yield was more affected than dry matter yield by herbicide, and paraquat + diquat should be used in preference to glyphosate on seed crops.

Three aphid vectors of faba bean (Vicia faba) viruses in northern New South Wales and occurrence ofAcyrthosiphon pisum-transmitted isolates ofSoybean dwarf virus

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Schwinghamer ◽  
A. H. Nicholas ◽  
M. A. Schilg
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Aphid Vectors

Impact of sowing time, genotype, environment and maturity on biomass and yield components in faba bean (Vicia faba)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bill K. Manning ◽  
Kedar N. Adhikari ◽  
Richard Trethowan
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Impact

Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a significant rotation crop in northern New South Wales. However, drought limits yield, and the reproductive structures of faba bean are sensitive to high temperatures and frost. Although early sowing can avoid terminal heat and drought stresses, the accumulation of large amounts of vegetative biomass may result in low yield. Experiments were conducted over 2 years at Breeza and Narrabri in north-western New South Wales, Australia, to examine the influence of sowing time on yield, yield components, maturity, pod distribution and biomass production. The second sowing date (early May) produced the highest yield and seed weight at both sites. However, the third sowing date (late May) produced greater yield than the first (mid-April) at Breeza, and this was associated with very high final biomass. At Narrabri, the first and third sowing dates produced similar low yield. Poorer yield in late-sown materials was likely due to terminal stress, and the impact will be greater in less favourable locations and seasons. The poorer yield of faba bean from the first sowing date was likely driven by excessive biomass accumulation, an effect that would be exacerbated in favourable seasons and locations. The lower seed weight observed at Breeza was possibly a result of greater intra-plant competition. The earliest maturing genotype had the highest yield and seed weight at both sites, indicating the importance of rapid pod growth and senescence in these warm and often water-limited environments. Dry matter production was greater with early sowing, higher moisture and warmer temperatures. In contrast to other studies, a weak relationship between biomass and yield was observed.

Evaluation of pasture legumes sown into a prepared seedbed at Tamworth, New South Wales. 2. Seed production and seed reserves

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM Lodge
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Pasture Legumes ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Medicago Scutellata ◽  
Seed Reserves ◽  
Annual Medics ◽  
Perennial Legumes ◽  
Seed Yields

Plots sown in 1983 were used to examine the seed production and reserves (residual hardseeds) of 15 annual legumes over 5 years at Tamworth in northern New South Wales. Seed production characteristics were measured in 1983 for these annuals, and for 6 perennial legumes. After the annuals had set seed in 1983, an area of the plots was sprayed to prevent flowering in subsequent years, and the rates of decline in seed reserves were compared with those from areas that seeded annually. Seed yields of the perennials were often significantly lower than those of the annuals except Trifolium glomeratum. Seed yields of T. subterraneum var. subterraneum cvv. Seaton Park and Woogenellup were significantly higher than those of cv. Nungarin and T. subterrarzeum var. brachycalycinum cv. Clare. Seed numbers were lowest for Medicago scutellata cv. Sava among the annual medics, and for Nungarin among subterranean clovers. There was little relationship between the mean number of seeds produced from 1983-86 and maturity grading, and between seed numbers and relative dry matter yield. Seed reserves decreased over 5 years by more than 90% in the sprayed treatments of all species. This decrease was not continuous, with the largest declines occurring from December 1983 to August 1984. In the sprayed treatments of Seaton Park, Woogenellup, and Clare, and in both treatments of Astragalus hamosus cv. Ioman, Vicia dasycarpa var. villosa cv. Namoi, and T. hirtum cv. Hykon, none of the original 1983 seed was recovered in 1987. For the annual medics and Nungarin, the number of residual hardseeds in the sprayed treatments in 1987 was about 3-5% of the seed produced in 1983. From 1983 to 1987, seed numbers in the unsprayed treatments declined by 7040% for the annual medics and by 85-95% for Seaton Park, Woogenellup, and Clare. Long-term persistence of annual medics and Nungarin depended on seed production in most years and the maintenance of a high number of residual hardseeds in the soil. In contrast, the mid- and late-maturing subterranean clovers Woogenellup and Clare had low seed reserves and were dependent on seed production in most years for their continued regeneration.

Overwintering of Tranzchelia discolor in prune orchards in New South Wales

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
PJ Ellison ◽  
L McFadyen ◽  
PF Kable
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Infected Leaf ◽  
South Wales ◽  
One Year ◽  
Tranzschelia Discolor ◽  
Better Than

There are several ways in which Tranzschelia discolor may overwinter in prune orchards in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Areas of New South Wales. The aecial state, cross-infection from peach and almond, twig cankers, and urediniospores on living leaves persisting through winter were considered, but were thought to be unlikely. The ability of urediniospores to survive on infected leaf litter, either on the ground under trees or lodged within the framework of trees, was studied over two winters. Urediniospore viability declined with time, but in both seasons a proportion were capable of germination in the spring. Spores exposed within the tree framework survived better than those exposed on the ground, with about 20% and less than 5% respectively remaining viable by spring. In both winters spores from litter which overwintered within the framework of the tree were able to infect prune leaves in the spring. The infectivity of spores exposed on the ground was tested in the spring of one year and infections resulted on inoculated plants. The implications of these findings for the control of the rust in prunes are discussed.

scholarly journals HIPPI-2: A versatile high-precision polarimeter

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Bailey ◽  
Daniel V. Cotton ◽  
Lucyna Kedziora-Chudczer ◽  
Ain De Horta ◽  
Darren Maybour
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The University ◽  
Better Than

Abstract We describe the High-Precision Polarimetric Instrument-2 (HIPPI-2) a highly versatile stellar polarimeter developed at the University of New South Wales. Two copies of HIPPI-2 have been built and used on the 60-cm telescope at Western Sydney University’s (WSU) Penrith Observatory, the 8.1-m Gemini North Telescope at Mauna Kea and extensively on the 3.9-m Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT). The precision of polarimetry, measured from repeat observations of bright stars in the SDSS g′band, is better than 3.5 ppm (parts per million) on the 3.9-m AAT and better than 11 ppm on the 60-cm WSU telescope. The precision is better at redder wavelengths and poorer in the blue. On the Gemini North 8-m telescope, the performance is limited by a very large and strongly wavelength-dependent TP that reached 1000’s of ppm at blue wavelengths and is much larger than we have seen on any other telescope.

Tolerances of wheat cultivars to pre-emergence herbicides

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 922 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Lemerle ◽  
AR Leys ◽  
RB Hinkley ◽  
JA Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
South Wales

Twelve spring wheat cultivars were tested in southern New South Wales for their tolerances to the recommended rates and three times the recommended rates of trifluralin, pendimethalin, tri-allate and chlorsulfuron. Recommended rates of these herbicides did not affect the emergence or grain yield of any cultivar. However, differences between cultivars in their tolerances to trifluralin, pendimethalin and chlorsulfuron at three times the recommended rate were identified. The extent of the reduction in emergence and/or grain yield varied with herbicide and season, and there was also a herbicidexseason interaction. Durati, Songlen and Tincurrin were the most susceptible cultivars to trifluralin, and Teal was the most tolerant. Yield losses from trifluralin were more severe in 1979 than in 1980 or 1981. The differential between cultivars treated with pendimethalin was smaller and more variable; Tincurrin was the only cultivar with a yield reduction in more than one season. Durati, Songlen and Shortim were the only cultivars affected by chlorsulfuron. A reduction in crop emergence of a cultivar treated with trifluralin or pendimethalin did not correlate consistently with any grain yield loss, and reductions in emergence were always greater than yield loss.

“Better than Nothing”: Eurasian Labour in New South Wales, 1853–54

2013 ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Ohlsson
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Better Than

Influence of plant population on yield and yield components of irrigated sunflower in southern New South Wales

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (100) ◽  
pp. 570 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Thompson ◽  
IG Fenton
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

Three experiments conducted in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area of southern New South Wales examined the influence of plant population on the yield and yield components of irrigated sunflowers. Populations ranged from 25,000 plants ha-1 to 140,000 plants ha-1. Furrow irrigation was employed with rows spaced 76 cm apart. In two of the experiments the wide range of plant populations examined had little effect on seed yield. Individual seed weight (g 1000-1) and seed number per head interacted with plant population so that seed yield was only marginally affected. In the remaining experiment, insufficient total dry matter production without improved harvest index prevented the attainment of an acceptable seed yield. There was a consistent trend for harvest index to fall with increasing plant population. Values recorded ranged from 0.36 to 0.23. Plant population had little effect on oil percentage. A plant population of 50,000 plants ha-1 is suggested as a minimum recommendation for irrigated sunflowers in southern New South Wales.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document