'A posteriori' searching for phenotypic characters to describe new cryptic species of sponges revealed by molecular markers (Dictyonellidae : Scopalina)

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Blanquer ◽  
Maria-J. Uriz
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
The North ◽  
Three New Species

Cryptic speciation is repeatedly reported in sponge taxonomic studies. Most of the cryptic species, which were revealed by molecular markers, have never been formally described owing to the difficulty in finding diagnostic phenotypic characters. A previous molecular study revealed four genetically distinct species that had been misidentified as Scopalina lophyropoda Schmidt. One species was S. lophyropoda sensu stricto, whereas the other three were new species. Here, the three new species are formally described after careful searching for discriminatory phenotypic characters. The new species are Scopalina blanensis, sp. nov. from the north-western Mediterranean, S. ceutensis, sp. nov. from the Mediterranean coasts of Africa (Atlantic waters) and S. canariensis, sp. nov. from the Canary Islands, Atlantic Ocean. All of them are at first sight morphologically similar and inhabit shallow environments with resuspended sediment. However, a closer examination allowed us to find some differential features: e.g. the amount of spongin embedding the spicules, the degree of complexity of the skeletal tracts, the size and curvature of the styles, the growth habit and the colour tinge. Furthermore, an identification key to the Atlanto-Mediterranean Scopalina species is presented. The differences between the genera Scopalina, Ulosa and Dictyonella are also discussed.

Systematic revision and reappraisal of the Kakaducarididae Bruce (Crustacea : Decapoda : Caridea) with the description of three new species of Leptopalaemon Bruce & Short

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Short ◽  
Christopher L. Humphrey ◽  
Timothy J. Page
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
The North ◽  
Arnhem Land ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
North Western

The freshwater shrimp family Kakaducarididae Bruce, 1993 is revised and its familial status reappraised using morphological characters and the results of a complementary molecular study (Page et al. 2008). Based on combined morphological–molecular data, the Kakaducarididae is synonymised with the Palaemonidae Rafinesque, 1815 and the monotypic genus Kakaducaris Bruce, 1993 is synonymised with Leptopalaemon Bruce & Short, 1993. The Texan cave shrimp, Calathaemon holthuisi (Strenth, 1976), provisionally included in the Kakaducarididae by Bruce (1993), is re-assigned back to the Palaemonidae. Leptopalaemon is re-diagnosed and three new species, L. gibbosus, sp. nov., L. gudjangah, sp. nov. and L. magelensis, sp. nov., are described from the north-western edge of the Arnhem Land plateau/escarpment complex, Northern Territory, Australia. The two previously described species, L. gagadjui Bruce & Short, 1993 and L. glabrus (Bruce, 1993), comb. nov. are re-diagnosed. A key to the five presently recognised Leptopalaemon species is provided.

scholarly journals Reef building Mediterranean vermetid gastropods: disentangling the Dendropoma petraeum species complex

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. TEMPLADO ◽  
A. RICHTER ◽  
M. CALVO
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Central Mediterranean ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Egg Capsules ◽  
Egg Diameter ◽  
Egg Capsule

A previous molecular study has revealed that the Mediterranean reef building vermetid gastropod Dendropoma petraeum conforms a complex of at least four cryptic species with non-overlapping distribution areas. Once detected specific genetic differences, ‘a posteriori’ searching for phenotypic characters has been undertaken to differentiate cryptic species and to formally describe and name them. The name D. petraeum (Monterosato, 1884) should be restricted to the species of this complex distributed around the Central Mediterranean (type locality in Sicily). In the present work we redescribe this taxon under the older valid name D. cristatum (Biondi, 1857), and we describe the new species of this complex distributed in the western Mediterranean. These descriptions are based on a comparative study focusing on the protoconch, teleoconch, external and internal anatomy. Both species can be only distinguished on the basis of non-easily visible anatomical features. Further, protoconchs differ in size and sculpture. On the other hand, some differences between both species are evidenced in features of the intracapsular larval development: the number and size of the egg capsules brooded per female at the same time, the number of egg/embryos per egg capsule, egg diameter and type of intracapsular nutrition.

Species delimitation integrative approach reveals three new species in the Nemertopsis bivittata complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecili B. Mendes ◽  
Jon L. Norenburg ◽  
Sónia C. S. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Species Delimitation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Genomic Markers ◽  
Three New Species

The presence of cryptic species is fairly frequent in many invertebrate groups and even more so among invertebrates with simple morphology, such as nemerteans. Consequently, the use of molecular methods for species delimitation has become a needed tool to complement morphological analyses to better recognise such species. Nemertopsis bivittata is one example of species with subtle morphological variation, but ample geographic distribution, being a good candidate for a species complex study. Here we applied two mitochondrial genes, and 2903 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variants in addition to morphological characters to investigate the presence of cryptic species among specimens previously identified as N. bivittata along the Brazilian Coast. To do so, specimens were collected at 15 different sites in the north-east, south-east and southern regions. Three new species of Nemertopsis are described based on morphological and molecular analyses: Nemertopsis caete sp. nov., Nemertopsis pamelaroeae sp. nov. and Nemertopsis berthalutzae sp. nov. The species N. pamelaroeae and N. berthalutzae present broad distributions from north-east to south-east; N. caete, however, is restricted to the north-east coast. This is the first study to use this combined approach in nemerteans and shows the advantages of integrating genomic markers with classical taxonomy, and applying objective approaches to delimiting species as independently evolving entities.

Studies of Ptiliidae (Coleoptera) in the Spirit Collection of the Natural History Museum, London 2: New species and records from P. Hammond's visit to New Zealand in 1983–84

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-196
Author(s):  
Michael Darby
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
History Museum ◽  
The North ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
North And South

Some 2,000 Ptiliidae collected in the North and South Islands of New Zealand in 1983/1984 by Peter Hammond of the Natural History Museum, London, are determined to 34 species, four of which are new to the country. As there are very few previous records, most from the Auckland district of North Island, the Hammond collection provides much new distributional data. The three new species: Nellosana insperatus sp. n., Notoptenidium flavum sp. n., and Notoptenidium johnsoni sp. n., are described and figured; the genus Ptiliodes is moved from Acrotrichinae to Ptiliinae, and Ptenidium formicetorum Kraatz recorded as a new introduction. Information is provided to aid separation of the new species from those previously recorded.

NORTH AMERICAN WATER MITES OF THE FAMILY MOMONIIDAE VIETS (ACARI: ARRENUROIDEA). IV. REVISION OF SPECIES OF STYGOMOMONIA (SENSU STRICTO) SZALAY, 1943

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Water Mites ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
New Diagnosis ◽  
First Time

AbstractMorphological, life history, and distributional data are presented for North American species of the subgenus Stygomomonia (sensu stricto) Szalay, 1943. Adults of the seven previously recognized species are redescribed, and deutonymphs of five of these species are described for the first time. Two species, S. (s.s.) neomexicana Cook and S. (s.s.) occidentalis Cook are substantially revised on the basis of an examination of the types and extensive series of newly collected specimens. Three new species are described, S. (s.s.) californiensis on the basis of deutonymphs and adults, and S. (s.s.) imamurai and S. (s.s.) cooki on the basis of adults. A new diagnosis of the subgenus is proposed and discussed, the relationships of the various species are discussed, and a key to deutonymphs and adults of North American species is presented. New distributional data are presented for all species, and dispersal patterns from Pleistocene refugia are discussed.

scholarly journals Observations of the genus Muelleria (Bacillariophyceae) from the Republic of North Macedonia

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-312
Author(s):  
Zlatko Levkov ◽  
Danijela Vidaković ◽  
Aleksandra Cvetkoska ◽  
Danijela Mitić-Kopanja ◽  
Svetislav Krstić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Diatom Flora ◽  
The North ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Valve Size ◽  
Extreme Habitats ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

Background and aims – An increased interest in the diatom flora from subaerial habitats in the Republic of North Macedonia has revealed the presence of a large number of interesting and often unknown, species. During a recent biodiversity survey, seven Muelleria species were recorded, several of which could not be identified based on the available literature. Methods – Using both Light Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy techniques, the morphology of several Muelleria species has been analysed. The morphology of all taxa is described, illustrated and compared with other possible similar Muelleria taxa, known worldwide. Key results – Four already documented Muelleria species, M. gibbula, M. islandica, M. terrestris and M. undulata (= Navicula gibbula f. undulata) were identified, while two distinct species are described as new. These new species belong to the M. gibbula complex, and can be differentiated by valve size, stria density, shape of the proximal raphe ends and the shape of external areola foramina. The identity of one taxon remains uncertain due to a low number of observed specimens in the samples. As their ultrastructure is almost entirely unknown, they are briefly discussed. Conclusions – The diversity of Muelleria in Europe and the North Hemisphere is most likely underestimated and some of the previous records of M. gibbula belong to other species. Observations of diatoms from “extreme” habitats such as intermittent ponds, wet mosses and soils can reveal the existence of interesting and new species.

scholarly journals A new species of Pista Malmgren, 1866 (Polychaeta, Terebellidae) from the north-western Mediterranean Sea

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 838 ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Céline Labrune ◽  
Nicolas Lavesque ◽  
Paulo Bonifácio ◽  
Pat Hutchings
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Single Pair ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Mediterranean Sea ◽  
North Western ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Terebellidae, Pistacolinisp. n., has been identified from the harbour of Banyuls-sur-Mer, north-western Mediterranean Sea. This new species was found in very high densities, exclusively in gravelly sand deposited manually, and was not found in the original source habitat of the gravel. This species is characterized by the colour of the ventral shields with pinkish anterior part and a blood red posterior part in live specimens, a pair of unequal-sized plumose branchiae inserted on segment II and anterior thoracic neuropodia with long-handled uncini. The presence of long-handled uncini even in the smallest specimens constitutes the major difference between Pistacolinisp. n. and other Pista species with a single pair of branchiae such as P.lornensis and P.bansei.

The conodont genus Ancyrodella in the middle Genesee Formation (lower Upper Devonian, Frasnian), western New York

1994 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1384-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Kralick
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Species ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Early Form ◽  
Montagne Noire ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Established Species ◽  
Lower Frasnian ◽  
Late Form

Conodont faunas with species of Ancyrodella are described from the upper Penn Yan Shale (Crosby Sandstone) and Genundewa Limestone of the middle Genesee Formation between Keuka Lake and Lake Erie. Three established species and three new species in the early phylogeny of Ancyrodella are discussed: A. rotundiloba (Bryant) early form, A. rotundiloba late form, A. crosbiensis n. sp., A. recta n. sp., A. triangulata n. sp., A. rugosa Branson and Mehl, and A. alata? Glenister and Klapper. Standardization of the taxonomic concepts pertaining to these species (and others in the genus) is necessary to ensure their continued biostratigraphic usefulness. The sequence of faunas in New York correlates well with the lower Frasnian sequence and numbered conodont zones described by Klapper (1985, 1989) in the Montagne Noire, France. A fauna with the late form of Ancyrodella rotundiloba and A. crosbiensis n. sp. in the Crosby Sandstone of the upper Penn Yan Shale correlates with Zone 2 of Klapper (1989). The Crosby fauna succeeds a Zone 1 fauna with the early form of Ancyrodella rotundiloba in the lower Penn Yan Shale. The Crosby fauna is succeeded in turn by a fauna in the upper Genundewa Limestone with A. recta n. sp., A. triangulata n. sp., A. rugosa, and A. alata?, which is correlated with Zone 3 even though the zonal markers, A. alata sensu stricto and typical forms of A. rugosa, first occur in the lower part of the overlying West River Shale.

Goodyera malipoensis (Cranichideae, Orchidaceae), a new species from China: Evidence from morphological and molecular analyses

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 186 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-Xiang Chen ◽  
Gui-Zhen Chen ◽  
Ming-He Li ◽  
Shi-Pin Chen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
A New Species

In this study, we describe a new orchid species, Goodyera malipoensis, from Yunnan, China. We have performed morphological and molecular analyses on this new species. A detailed comparison between the newly discovered orchid and other members of Goodyera was conducted. The new plant is characterized by having a dense brownish green pubescence on the peduncle. Its ovate-lanceolate petal is unique in Goodyera genus. The hypochile is deeply concave-saccate, and inside there are two papillose rows on each side. These features distinguish the new orchid from all other known species of Goodyera. The molecular study based on nuclear ribosomal ITS sequence data and morphological differences support G. malipoensis as a distinct species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document