Increased sampling blurs morphological and molecular species limits: revision of the Hispaniolan endemic spider genus Tainonia (Araneae:Pholcidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard A. Huber ◽  
Jonas J. Astrin
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
National Park ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Species Limits ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Range Of Variation

The genus Tainonia comprises unusually large pholcids endemic to Hispaniola. Previously, only the type species had been formally described, represented in collections by no more than 12 adult specimens. However, the existence of more species has been hypothesised based on a few further individuals. The present paper is based on a sample of 205 mostly newly collected adult specimens from 18 localities in the Dominican Republic and four localities in Haiti. The increased sampling reveals a wide range of variation, including intermediate levels of divergence that often blur rather than clarify species limits. Therefore, although not all taxonomic questions can be settled here, morphological (including morphometric) and molecular (mitochondrial 16S, CO1) data strongly support two new species: one in La Visite National Park, Haiti (T. visite, sp. nov.) and another on Samaná Peninsula and parts of the eastern Dominican Republic (T. samana, sp. nov.). Species limits among the other populations are more difficult to support or reject. Specimens from Bayahibe (eastern Dominican Republic) and from La Ciénaga (Cordillera Central) are each assigned species status on the basis of consistent morphological differences (T. bayahibe, sp. nov., T. cienaga, sp. nov.), but no molecular data are available due to lack of specimens. All other specimens are provisionally assigned to a possibly paraphyletic T. serripes (Simon). There is considerable morphological variation within this widely distributed group of populations but this variation is rather continuous and molecular distances fill most of the range between morphologically unambiguous conspecifics and unambiguous heterospecifics.

Revision of Dendrochilus (Coleoptera, Scolytinae)—with description of two new species from Tanzania

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4969 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-593
Author(s):  
BJARTE H. JORDAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Udzungwa Mountains ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological Differences

The genus Dendrochilus Schedl, 1963 is revised. Two new species are described from the Udzungwa Mountains in Tanzania. Dendrochilus tener sp. nov., and D. udzungwae sp. nov. are closely related with few morphological differences but are clearly separated by molecular data from four gene fragments. Together with the type species D. strombosiopsis Schedl, 1957 from Congo, the genus now includes three species. An identification key to species is provided. 

Larval morphology in four species of Hylarana from Vietnam and Thailand with comments on the taxonomy of H. nigrovittata sensu latu (Anura: Ranidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2051 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNA GAWOR ◽  
RALF HENDRIX ◽  
MIGUEL VENCES ◽  
WOLFGANG BÖHME ◽  
THOMAS ZIEGLER
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Central Vietnam ◽  
Wide Gap ◽  
Morphological Differences

We describe the tadpole morphology of four species of Hylarana based on larval specimens identified by DNA barcoding. Of these, the larvae of Hylarana attigua and H. maosonensis, two species recently recorded from Phong Nha – Ke Bang National Park, Quang Binh Province, central Vietnam, had not been previously described; in addition, descriptions of the tadpoles of syntopic H. guentheri and H. nigrovitatta are provided as well. The tadpoles of these four species are generalized exotrophic lentic-benthic forms of Orton’s Type 4 with a depressed body shape, dorsolaterally positioned eyes and a moderate height of tail fins. In contrast to the silver-whitish H. guentheri the preserved tadpoles of H. attigua, H. maosonensis and H. nigrovittata are greenish-brown to greyish. The generalized oral discs exhibit a wide gap of marginal papillae on the upper labium and elongated papillae on the lower labium. In general, the keratodont row formulae of the Hylarana species studied herein is 2(2)/3(1) (sometimes 1/3(1) in H. guentheri). Differences between species mainly concern body shape, size in different developmental stages as well as number and shape of oral papillae. H. nigrovittata larvae from near Chiang Mai in northern Thailand mainly differ from Vietnamese specimens in the number and shape of oral papillae. In concert with adult morphological differences and molecular divergences by molecular data this indicates species-level distinctness of the Vietnamese versus the northern Thai populations.

scholarly journals Orientocardiochiles, a new genus of Cardiochilinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with descriptions of two new species from Malaysia and Vietnam

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 971 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilgoo Kang ◽  
Khuat Dang Long ◽  
Michael J. Sharkey ◽  
James B. Whitfield ◽  
Nathan P. Lord
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Braconid Wasp ◽  
First Time

For the first time in 21 years, a new genus of cardiochiline braconid wasp, Orientocardiochiles Kang & Long, gen. nov. (type species Orientocardiochiles joeburrowi Kang, sp. nov.), is discovered and described. This genus represents the ninth genus in the Oriental region. Two new species (O. joeburrowi Kang, sp. nov. and O. nigrofasciatus Long, sp. nov.) are described and illustrated, and a key to species of the genus, with detailed images, is added. Diagnostic characters of the new genus are analyzed and compared with several other cardiochiline genera to allow the genus to key out properly using an existing generic treatment. The scientific names validated by this paper and morphological data obtained from this project will be utilized and tested in the upcoming genus-level revision of the subfamily based on combined morphological and molecular data.

scholarly journals Molecular and morphological systematics of hypogean schizomids (Schizomida:Hubbardiidae) in semiarid Australia

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Harvey ◽  
Oliver Berry ◽  
Karen L. Edward ◽  
Garth Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Small Subunit Rrna ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Phylogenetic Status ◽  
Mtdna Lineages ◽  
Morphological Differences

We used molecular and morphological techniques to study troglobitic schizomids inhabiting a variety of subterranean landforms in semiarid Western Australia. The study was designed to explore the taxonomic and phylogenetic status of newly discovered populations of subterranean schizomids. Molecular sequences of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and small subunit rRNA (12S) were obtained from a total of 73 schizomid specimens. Populations sampled from boreholes within mesa landforms in the Robe Valley were highly genetically distinct from species of Draculoides Harvey, 1992 found elsewhere in the Pilbara (Cape Range and Barrow Island). Pronounced genetic structuring was also evident at a fine spatial scale within the Robe Valley, with populations from each of the mesas examined exhibiting unique and highly divergent mtDNA lineages. These molecular data were generally supported by small but significant morphological features, usually in the secondary male structures, but some species were represented only by female specimens that possessed more conservative morphologies. The molecular data defined two major in-group clades, which were supported by morphological differences. One clade was widespread and included the type species of Draculoides, D. vinei (Harvey), along with D. bramstokeri Harvey & Humphreys, D. brooksi Harvey, D. julianneae Harvey, D. mesozeirus, sp. nov. and D. neoanthropus, sp. nov. The second clade was restricted to the Robe Valley and deemed to represent a new genus, Paradraculoides, which included four new species P. anachoretus, sp. nov., P. bythius, sp. nov., P. gnophicola, sp. nov. and P. kryptus, sp. nov. (type species).

scholarly journals REDEFINITION OF Ceratoperidinium AND Pseliodinium (CERATOPERIDINIACEAE, DINOPHYCEAE) INCLUDING REASSIGNMENT OF Gymnodinium fusus, Cochlodinium helix and C. pirum to Pseliodinium

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Gomez
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
Recent Proposal ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
Morphological Differences

The dinoflagellate genus Cochlodinium is polyphyletic, and several bloom-forming species in this genus, such as Cochlodinium helix and C. convolutum, are in need of reclassification. The molecular data revealed that the polymorphic species Gymnodinium fusus (=Ceratoperidinium falcatum, Gyrodinium caudatum, Gyrodinium falcatum, Gyrodinium sugashimanii, Pseliodinium vaubanii) is closely related to Cochlodinium helix/C. convolutum. There are significant morphological differences among the type species of Ceratoperidinium, C. margalefii, and the aforementioned species. The recent proposal of the genus Kirithra reinforces the need of the generic split between C. margalefii and Gymnodinium fusus/C. helix/C. convolutum, instead of placing all the species under the genus Ceratoperidinium. Pseliodinium is considered the earliest available generic name, and new combinations of Pseliodinium are proposed for Gymnodinium fusus, Cochlodinium helix and C. pirum (the latter considered co-specific with C. convolutum) Redefinición de Ceratoperidinium y Pseliodinium (Ceratoperidiniaceae, Dinophyceae), incluyendo la reasignación de Gymnodinium fusus, Cochlodinium helix y C. pirum a Pseliodinium  El género de dinoflagelados Cochlodinium es polifilético, y varias especies formadoras de proliferaciones como Cochlodinium helix y C. convolutum necesitan una reclasificación. Los datos moleculares muestran que la especie polimórfica Gymnodinium fusus (=Ceratoperidinium falcatum, Gyrodinium caudatum, Gyrodinium falcatum, Gyrodinium sugashimanii, Pseliodinium vaubanii) está cercanamente emparentada con Cochlodinium helix/C. convolutum. Hay diferencias significativas en la morfología entre la especie tipo de Ceratoperidinium, C. margalefii, y las especies mencionadas anteriormente. La reciente propuesta del género Kirithra refuerza la necesidad de una separación genérica entre C. margalefii y Gymnodinium fusus/C. helix/C. convolutum, en lugar de emplazar todas las especies en el género Ceratoperidinium. Pseliodinium se considera como el primer nombre genérico disponible, y se proponen nuevas combinaciones de Pseliodinium para Gymnodinium fusus, Cochlodinium helix y C. pirum (esta última especie considerada conespecífica con C. convolutum).

scholarly journals Taxonomy and Molecular Phylogeny of Two New Species of Prostomatean Ciliates With Establishment of Foissnerophrys gen. n. (Alveolata, Ciliophora)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limin Jiang ◽  
Wenbao Zhuang ◽  
Hamed A. El-Serehy ◽  
Saleh A. Al-Farraj ◽  
Alan Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sandy Beach ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Prostomatean ciliates play important roles in the flow of material and energy in aquatic microbial food webs, and thus have attracted wide attention for over a century. Their taxonomy and systematics are, however, still poorly understood because of their relatively few taxonomically informative morphological characters. In this study, two new prostomateans, Lagynus binucleatus sp. n. and Foissnerophrys alveolata gen. n., sp. n., collected from a freshwater pool and the intertidal zone of a sandy beach, respectively, in Qingdao, China, are investigated using living observation, protargol staining, and SSU rRNA gene sequencing methods. The genus Lagynus is redefined, and the new species L. binucleatus sp. n. is established based on significant morphological differences with similar forms. Furthermore, a new genus, Foissnerophrys gen. n., is established based on a combination of morphological and molecular data with F. alveaolata sp. n. the type species by monotypy. The identities of intracellular prokaryotes of these two new species are discussed based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) data and newly obtained 16S rRNA gene sequences.

scholarly journals Two new species of Dellia Stål, 1878 grasshoppers (Orthoptera: Acrididae) from Sierra de Bahoruco, Dominican Republic

2012 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Perez-Gelabert ◽  
Daniel Otte
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
National Park ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Mountain Forests ◽  
Two New Species

The acridid grasshoppers Dellia viridissima sp. nov. and Dellia ciceroana sp. nov. are described and illustrated from Sierra de Bahoruco, Dominican Republic. These species inhabit transition and mountain forests between 450 – 1,300 m elevation. D. viridissima sp. nov. was found in close association with the vine Solandra longiflora Tuss. (Solanaceae) suggesting that it could be an oligophagous specialist. D. ciceroana sp. nov. was collected in a more xeric transition forest at the sides of the trail from Puerto Escondido to the heights of the Sierra de Bahoruco National Park. The number of Dellia species known from Hispaniola is increased to six, three of these being from Sierra de Bahoruco.

Systematics of the Xanthosia pilosa complex (Apiaceae: Hydrocotyloideae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
J. M. Hart ◽  
M. J. Henwood
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
New South ◽  
Inflorescence Morphology ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Polymorphic Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Range Of Variation

Xanthosia pilosa Rudge is a common shrub found ineastern Australia. The species complex displays a wide range of variation inleaf and inflorescence morphology which has resulted in the application ofnumerous species names and its informal division into numerous variants in New South Wales. As part of a revision of the genus, the history of the speciescomplex is reviewed and the morphology of the numerous variants, examined bothin the field and herbarium, is discussed.Xanthosia pilosa sens. lat. is here divided into fourspecies: two new species (X. scopulicola J.M.Hart & Henwood and X. stellataJ.M.Hart & Henwood) are described and illustrated, a substitute name(X. ternifolia J.M.Hart & Henwood) is providedfor the illegitimate X. tasmanica Gand., andX. pilosa s.s., which remains a polymorphic species inwhich further segregation of variants is not recommended. A key toXanthosia species in eastern Australia is provided.

Deep-sea Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) from the Danish Galathea II Expedition, 1950–52, with taxonomic revisions

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4963 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-529
Author(s):  
SABINE STÖHR ◽  
TIMOTHY D. O’HARA
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Species Limits ◽  
The North ◽  
Pacific Population ◽  
The North Pacific

The brittle star samples collected by the Danish cruise ‘Galathea II’ (1950–52) had not been studied completely. We examined the remaining deep-sea samples (>400 m) and present the species inventory, discussing taxonomic issues in relation to recent phylogenetic data. About 235 samples were examined, over 9,300 individuals, from 67 species and 74 sampling localities, at depths of 425–5340 m. The species complex Amphiophiura bullata (Thomson, 1877) is morphologically not well separated, but molecular data suggest at least two clades. We propose to apply A. bullata for Atlantic and Australian populations and A. convexa (Lyman, 1878) for the North Pacific clade. We consider A. bullata pacifica Litvinova, 1971 conspecific with A. convexa. Ophiuroglypha irrorata (Lyman, 1878) and its subspecies are a polyphyletic group with unclear morphological boundaries. We propose to transfer Ophiura ossiculata (Koehler, 1908), Ophiura plana (Lütken & Mortensen, 1899) and Ophiura scomba Paterson, 1985 to Ophiuroglypha. Silax Fell, 1962, until now synonymised with Amphioplus Verrill, 1899, is proposed as a valid genus with the species S. verrilli (Lyman, 1879), S. consors (Koehler, 1908), S. daleus (Lyman, 1879), S. patulus (Lyman, 1879) and S. magnificus (Koehler, 1907). Triplodia Turner & Hallen, 2011 (a replacement name for Triodia A. M. Clark, 1970, due to homonymy) is synonymised with Silax, and possible specimens of its type species Triodia abdita A. M. Clark, 1970 are analysed. The species limits of Ophiacantha cosmica Lyman, 1879 and Ophiacantha pacifica Lütken & Mortensen, 1899 could not be confirmed morphologically, but published molecular data suggest two clades. We propose to apply O. pacifica to the Northern/Central Pacific population and O. cosmica to the Southern Pacific/Antarctic population.

Is the species diversity in the lyophylloid genera Calocybella and Gerhardtia (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) underestimated? Two new species from the Dominican Republic

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 291 (4) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALFREDO VIZZINI ◽  
CLAUDIO ANGELINI ◽  
ENRICO ERCOLE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Generic Delimitation ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Two new species, Calocybella dominicana and Gerhardtia citrinolobata are described in the Lyophyllaceae from the Dominican Republic based on morphological and molecular data. The generic delimitation of the genera Calocybella and Gerhardtia is also discussed. The discovery of these new species extends the geographical distribution of these genera indicating that their species diversity is still far from being fully understood.

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