Microscleres and gemmoscleres as phylogenetic signals in Spongillida: phylogeny and biogeography of the genus Metania Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Metaniidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Castello-Branco ◽  
Adolfo Ricardo Calor ◽  
Carla Menegola
Keyword(s):  
Current Distribution ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Freshwater Sponge ◽  
The Family

The genus Metania comprises 11 species of freshwater sponge that are distributed circumtropically: five are Neotropical, three Afrotropical, two Oriental and one Australian. Here we infer the phylogeny of the genus Metania and examine the processes that lead to the current biogeographic distribution using cladistic analysis. One matrix with 26 morphological characters was analysed using the TNT software, and resulted in two most parsimonious cladograms (strict consensus). Our results support monophyly of Metania due to two characters unique to the genus: presence of acanthoxeas and presence of spines in the shaft of the gemmoscleres. Also, the genera Drulia and Houssayella were synonymised with Metania. The family Metaniidae – allocated in the recently proposed order Spongillida – now contains three genera: Acalle Gray, 1867, Metania Gray, 1867 and Corvomeyenia Weltner, 1913. Brooks parsimony analysis of Metania resulted in a single area cladogram showing a Gondwanan pattern: (Neartic (Australian (Oriental (Afrotropical, Neotropical)))) and thus the current distribution is explained by the breakup of Gondwana.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic relationships within the Pylochelidae (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea): A cladistic analysis based on morphological characters

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2022 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAFAEL LEMAITRE ◽  
PATSY A. MCLAUGHLIN ◽  
ULF SORHANNUS
Keyword(s):  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Strict Consensus Tree ◽  
The Family

Phylogenetic relationships within the “symmetrical” hermit crab family Pylochelidae were analyzed for 41 of the 45 species and subspecies currently considered valid. In the analyses, 78 morphological characters comprised the data matrix and the outgroup consisted of Thalassina anomala, a member of the Thalassinidae, and Munida quadrispina, a member of the Galatheidae. A poorly resolved strict consensus tree was obtained from a heuristic parsimony analysis of unweighted and unordered characters, which showed the family Pylochelidae and the subfamilies Pylochelinae and Pomatochelinae to be monophyletic taxa – the latter two groups had the highest Bremer support values. Additionally, while the subgenus Pylocheles (Pylocheles) was strongly supported, the subgenera Xylocheles, and Bathycheles were not. More fully resolved trees were obtained when using implied weighting, which recognized the monotypic subfamilies Parapylochelinae, Cancellochelinae and Mixtopagurinae. The subfamily Trizochelinae was found to have four distinct clades and several ambiguously placed taxa.

A phylogeny of the family Fanniidae Schnabl (Insecta:Diptera:Calyptratae) based on adult morphological characters, with special reference to the Austral species of the genus Fannia

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 563 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Domínguez ◽  
S. A. Roig-Juñent
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Groups

The present study proposed a phylogenetic hypothesis of the family Fanniidae based on a cladistic analysis using characters from adult external morphology and female and male terminalia. The main purpose of this study was to clarify the phylogenetic position of newly described or poorly known species, mostly from southern South America, the Neotropics, Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In total, 151 characters from adult male and female external morphology and terminalia were scored for 78 species of Fanniidae. Ten continuous characters were included and analysed as such. Three genera of Fanniidae and all the species-groups and subgroups proposed for the genus Fannia, except for the admirabilis-group and the setifer-subgroup were included as terminal taxa. An heuristic parsimony analysis under implied weights was performed. The analysis recovered the monophyly of the Fanniidae and the genus Fannia, as well as the monophyly of several species-groups within Fannia. Male and female external morphological characters were, in general, highly homoplasious, whereas characters from male terminalia showed low level of homoplasy and provided resolution at suprageneric nodes and species-groups.

New taxa of the Lygistorrhinidae (Diptera: Sciaroidea) and their implications for a phylogenetic analysis of the family

Zootaxa ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 960 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
HEIKKI HIPPA ◽  
INGEGERD MATTSSON ◽  
PEKKA VILKAMAA
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Outgroup Species ◽  
New Material

New Oriental taxa of the Lygistorrhinidae - Blagorrhina gen. n., with B. blagoderovi sp. n. and B. brevicornis sp. n.; Gracilorrhina gracilis gen. n., sp. n.; and Labellorrhina gen. n., with L. grimaldii sp. n. and L. quantula sp. n. are described, and two undescribed species, known only from females, are characterized. Based on this new material, the family is redefined. The phylogeneticrelationships among the taxa of Lygistorrhinidae were studied by parsimony analysis using 43 morphological characters from the adults of 25 ingroup and one outgroup species. The cladistic analysis produced 14 most parsimonious cladograms. The solution obtained suggests unambiguously the following phylogeny: Palaeognoriste Meunier and “Lygistorrhina” asiatica Senior-White are successively sister groups of the rest of the Lygistorrhinidae; there is a clade Labellorrhina + (Gracil- orrhina + (Blagorrhina + ((Seguyola Matile + (Loyugesa Grimaldi & Blagoderov + Matileola Papp))))) with a monophyletic Lygistorrhina Skuse – Probolaeus Williston lineage as sister group. The phylogeny among the latter group remains largely unresolved.

Morphology, anatomy, phylogenetics and distribution of fossil and extant Trochodendraceae in the Northern Hemisphere

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R Manchester ◽  
Zlatko Kvaček ◽  
Walter S Judd
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Crown Group ◽  
Modern Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Material ◽  
Fossil Fruit

Abstract We present the oldest known occurrences of crown-group Trochodendraceae based on new material from the Palaeocene of Wyoming, USA. Two genera are recognized, Trochodendron and Eotrochion gen. nov. The fossil fruit of Trochodendron infernense sp. nov. is represented by a pedicellate, apically dehiscent capsular fruit composed of nine follicle-like units, each bearing a persistent convex style. The basal part is ornamented with numerous raised stamen scars. From the same deposits, Eotrochion is represented by infructescences, fruits and associated leaves. The infructescences are racemes of numerous apically dehiscent capsules, each with c. 14–16 styles, each with an underlying nectary and receptacles lacking stamen scars, but possessing a prominent perianth scar. A phylogenetic assessment of the modern species, plus representatives of four extinct genera of fossil Trochodendraceae based on available morphological characters, yields a favoured topology of Trochodendron(Eotrochion(Concavistylon kvacekii(C. wehrii (Pentacentron, Tetracentron)))). A parsimony analysis of currently available characters indicates that C. wehrii renders Concavistylon non-monophyletic. Accordingly, we transfer it to Paraconcavistylon gen. nov., characterized by pendent, rather than erect infructescences. We also reconsider the extinct Nordenskioeldia (Late Cretaceous to Miocene), the prior placement of which in Trochodendraceae has been challenged, and we consider it to fall outside the crown group of the family.

Corrigendum to: Systematics and distribution of world hyptiogastrine wasps (Hymenoptera : Gasteruptiidae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 957 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Jennings ◽  
A. D. Austin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
New Britain

This study examines the phylogeny, taxonomy, distribution and biology of the gasteruptiid subfamily Hyptiogastrinae and, at the same time, presents an overview of the family. Following a cladistic analysis of 35 discrete morphological characters, two monophyletic genera are recognised, Hyptiogaster Kieffer and Pseudofoenus s. l. Kieffer. As a consequence, the genera Aulacofoenus Kieffer, Crassifoenus Crosskey, and Eufoenus Szépligeti are synonymised with Pseudofoenus. A total of 88 species are recognised for the subfamily, 10 species of Hyptiogaster, which are restricted to mainland Australia, and 78 species of Pseudofoenus, 40 of which are described as new. Pseudofoenus has a restricted Gondwanan distribution and is found in Australia including Tasmania (65 spp.), New Guinea and New Britain (5 spp.), the south-west Pacific (New Caledonia, New Hebrides and Fiji – 2 spp.), New Zealand (4 spp.) and South America (2 spp.). No new species have been recorded from either New Zealand or South America. For Pseudofoenus, information on the distribution of each species, their biology (if known) and an identification key are presented.Following a taxonomic revision, the following new species are described: P. baileyi, sp. nov., P. baitetaensis, sp. nov., P. beverlyae, sp. nov., P. caperatus, sp. nov., P. cardaleae, sp. nov., P. carrabinensis, sp. nov., P. claireae, sp. nov., P. collessi, sp. nov., P. coorowensis, sp. nov., P. crosskeyi, sp. nov., P. douglasorum, sp. nov., P. eliseae, sp. nov., P. ericae, sp. nov., P. eustonensis, sp. nov., P. feckneri, sp. nov., P. gressitti, sp. nov., P. gullanae, sp. nov., P. hackeri, sp. nov., P. imbricatus, sp. nov., P. iqbali, sp. nov., P. kadowi, sp. nov., P. karimuiensis, sp. nov., P. kelleri, sp. nov., P. leinsterensis, sp. nov., P. macdonaldi, sp. nov., P. malkini, sp. nov., P. marshalli, sp. nov., P. masneri, sp. nov., P. mitchellae, sp. nov., P. morganensis, sp. nov., P. nalbarraensis, sp. nov., P. pumilis, sp. nov., P. schmidti, sp. nov., P. stevensi, sp. nov., P. tasmaniensis, sp. nov., P. taylori, sp. nov., P. umboiensis, sp. nov., P. walkeri, sp. nov. and P. zborowskii, sp. nov. The synonymy of Aulacofoenus, Crassifoenus and Eufoenus with Pseudofoenus result in the following new combinations: from Aulacofoenus: P. bungeyi (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov., P. deletangi (Schletterer), comb. nov., P. fallax (Schletterer), comb. nov., P. fletcheri (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov., P. goonooensis (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov., P. infumatus (Schletterer), comb. nov., P. kurmondi (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov., P. loxleyi (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov., P. marionae (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov., P. perenjorii (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov., P. swani (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov., P. thoracicus (Guérin Menéville), comb. nov., P. whiani (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov. and P. wubinensis (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov.; from Crassifoenus: P. houstoni (Jennings & Austin), comb. nov., P. grossitarsis (Kieffer), comb. nov and P. macronyx (Schletterer), comb. nov.; and from Eufoenus: P. antennalis (Schletterer), comb. nov., P. australis (Westwood), comb. nov., P. crassitarsis (Kieffer), comb. nov., P. darwini (Westwood), comb. nov., P. extraneus (Turner), comb. nov., P. ferrugineus (Crosskey), comb. nov., P. floricolus (Turner), comb. nov., P. inaequalis (Turner), comb. nov., P. melanopleurus (Crosskey), comb. nov., P. minimus (Turner), comb. nov., P. nitidiusculus (Turner), comb. nov., P. patellatus (Westwood), comb. nov., P. pilosus (Kieffer), comb. nov., P. reticulatus (Crosskey), comb. nov., P. rieki (Crosskey), comb. nov., P. ritae (Cheesman), comb. nov. and P. spinitarsis (Westwood), comb. nov. Pseudofoenus microcephalus (Crosskey), comb. nov. is transferred from Hyptiogaster and Eufoenus flavinervis (Kieffer) remains incertae sedis.

Phylogenetic analysis of the rumen ciliate family Ophryoscolecidae based on 18S ribosomal RNA sequences, with new sequences fromDiplodinium,Eudiplodinium, andOphryoscolex

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 963-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
André-Denis G. Wright ◽  
Denis H. Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Rna Sequences ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Sequences ◽  
The Family

Phylogenetic relationships within the largest family of entodiniomorphid rumen ciliates, the Ophryoscolecidae, were inferred from comparisons of small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences. These included three new sequences from Diplodinium dentatum (1638 base pairs (bp)), Eudiplodinium maggii (1637 bp), and Ophryoscolex purkynjei (1636 bp). Using morphological characters, Lubinsky constructed a cladogram of the Ophryoscolecidae, and on the basis of his analysis, he divided the family into three subfamilies (Entodiniinae, Diplodiniinae, Ophryoscolecinae) to reflect his "natural" groupings (G. Lubinsky. 1957. Can. J. Zool. 35: 141 – 159). Our cladistic analysis, based on the limited morphological and ultrastructural data available, indicates that there are no synapomorphies supporting the Diplodiniinae sensu Lubinsky. However, based upon the six 18S sequences for the Ophryoscolecidae, the rumen ciliates are monophyletic and fall into three distinct groups corresponding to Lubinsky's subfamilial division of the family. Our molecular analysis shows Entodinium to be the earliest branching rumen ciliate (subfamily Entodiniinae) and Eudiplodinium, not Diplodiium, branching first among the diplodiniines.

An overview of the phylogeny of the families Lafoeidae and Hebellidae (Hydrozoa:Leptothecata): their composition and classification

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio C. Marques ◽  
Alvaro L. Peña Cantero ◽  
Alvaro E. Migotto
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
The Family

A cladistic analysis of the genera of the family ‘Lafoeidae’ was performed in order to investigate suprageneric classifications and the boundaries of the family, as well as to organise the available morphological data and discuss the possible evolution of some morphological characters. Our results suggest that the former ‘Lafoeidae’ must be separated into two families: the Hebellidae and the Lafoeidae (including the subfamilies Lafoeinae and Zygophylacinae).

scholarly journals Phylogeny and systematics of the lichen family Gomphillaceae (Ostropales) inferred from cladistic analysis of phenotype data

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert LÜCKING ◽  
Emmanuël SÉRUSIAUX ◽  
Antonín VĚZDA
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Consistency Index ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Phenotype Data ◽  
The Family ◽  
Character Weighting ◽  
High Level ◽  
Family Classification

The phylogeny of the lichen family Gomphillaceae sensu Vězda & Poelt was reconstructed by parsimony analysis of a phenotype data matrix including ecological, thallus, apothecial, and hyphophore characters. Two hundred and twenty-eight taxa and 209 characters, grouped into ecology (14), thallus (45), apothecia (83), and hyphophores (67), were included in the analysis. Gyalidea hyalinescens (Asterothyriaceae) was used as outgroup. Because of the high level of homoplasy (consistency index of all-taxa tree without character weighting CI=0·12), and the resulting uncertainty (generally low support) with respect to group topologies, we accepted both monophyletic clades and paraphyletic grades and only rejected previously proposed classifications if the taxon in question appeared polyphyletic, or if segregate taxa were characterized by functionally independent apomorphies and/or by evidence of radiation. Thus, the following 19 genera (synonyms in brackets) are accepted as a result of this study: Actinoplaca (segregate of Echinoplaca; isidioid hyphophores), Aderkomyces (Psathyromyces; segregate of Tricharia; white setae, hyphal excipulum), Aplanocalenia (segregate of Calenia; immersed applanate apothecia), Arthotheliopsis (Phallomyces; segregate of Echinoplaca; smooth thallus, differentiated diahyphae), Aulaxina (Lochomyces; carbonized apothecia, bristle-shaped hyphophores with palmate diahyphae on prothallus), Calenia (Bullatina; zeorine apothecia, acute to bristle-shaped hyphophores with moniliform diahyphae), Caleniopsis (thick white thallus with dark prothallus, zeorine apothecia, bristle-shaped hyphophores with palmate diahyphae on prothallus), Diploschistella (segregate of Gyalideopsis; immersed apothecia), Echinoplaca (Spinomyces, Sporocybomyces; crystalline thallus, acute to bristle-shaped hyphophores with moniliform or derived diahyphae), Ferraroa (segregate of Gyalideopsis; campylidioid hyphophores), Gomphillus (vertically elongate apothecia, filiform ascospores), Gyalectidium (Tauromyces; zeorine apothecia, squamiform hyphophores), Gyalideopsis (Epilithia, Microlychnus, Microspatha; chiefly biatorine apothecia, setiform or flabellate hyphophores), Hippocrepidea (applanate apothecia, squamiform hyphophores with strongly derived diahyphae), Jamesiella (segregate of Gyalideopsis; isidioid hyphophores), Lithogyalideopsis (segregate of Gyalideopsis; lecideine apothecia, bristleshaped hyphophores with palmate diahyphae), Paratricharia (black setae, partly carbonized apothecia with columella), Rubrotricha (segregate of Tricharia; red-brown setae, hyphal excipulum), and Tricharia (Microxyphiomyces, Setomyces; black setae, proso- or paraplectenchymatous excipulum). The following taxa and combinations are introduced: Actinoplaca gemmifera comb. nov. [Echinoplaca gemmifera], Aderkomyces albostrigosus comb. nov. (Tricharia albostrigosa), A. armatus comb. nov. (T. armata), A. carneoalbus comb. nov. (T. carneoalba), A. cretaceus comb. nov. (T. cretacea), A. cubanus comb. nov. (T. cubana), A. deslooveri comb. nov. (T. deslooveri), A. dilatatus comb. nov. (T. dilatata), A. fumosus comb. nov. (T. fumosa), A. heterellus comb. nov. (Arthonia heterella; Lopadium membranula; Echinoplaca affinis), A. guatemalensis comb. nov. (T. guatemalensis), A. lobulimarginatus sp. nov., A. microcarpus comb. nov. (T. microcarpa), A. microtrichus comb. nov. (T. microtricha), A. papilliferus comb. nov. (T. papillifera), A. planicarpus comb. nov. (T. planicarpa), A. planus comb. nov. (T. plana), A. purulhensis comb. nov. (T. purulhensis), A. ramiferus comb. nov. (T. ramifera), A. subalbostrigosus comb. nov. (T. subalbostrigosa), A. subplanus comb. nov. (T. subplana), A. testaceus comb. nov. (T. testacea), A. verruciferus comb. nov. (T. verrucifera), A. verrucosus comb. nov. (T. verrucosa), Aplanocalenia gen. nov., A. inconspicua comb. nov. (Heterothecium inconspicuum; Calenia inconspicua), Arthotheliopsis serusiauxii comb. nov. (Echinoplaca serusiauxii), A. tricharioides comb. nov. (E. tricharioides), Caleniopsis aggregata comb. nov. (Calenia aggregata), C. conspersa comb. nov. (Thelotrema conspersa; Calenia conspersa), Diploschistella lithophila comb. nov. (Gyalideopsis lithophila), D. solorinellaeformis comb. nov. (G. solorinellaeformis), D. trapperi comb. nov. (G. trapperi), Echinoplaca macgregorii comb. nov. (Arthonia macgregorii), Ferraroa gen. nov., Ferraroa hyalina comb. nov. (Gyalideopsis hyalina), Gyalideopsis brevipilosa comb. nov. (Tricharia brevipilosa), G. buckei nom. nov. (Tricharia vezdae), G. cristata comb. nov. (Epilithia cristata), G. glauca comb. nov. (Microspatha glauca), G. puertoricensis sp. nov., Jamesiella gen. nov., J. anastomosans comb. nov. (Gyalideopsis anastomosans), J. perlucida comb. nov. (G. perlucida), J. scotica comb. nov. (G. scotica), Lithogyalideopsis gen. nov., L. aterrima comb. nov. (Gyalideopsis aterrima), L. poeltii comb. nov. (G. poeltii), L. vivantii comb. nov. (G. vivantii), L. zeylandica comb. nov. (G. zeylandica), Rubrotricha gen. nov., R. helminthospora comb. nov. (Tricharia helminthospora), R. subhelminthospora sp. nov., Tricharia atrocarpa sp. nov., and Tricharia variratae sp. nov. A key is presented to all genera of Gomphillaceae, and a synopsis of the family classification, with all presently known species, is provided.

The morphology, higher-level phylogeny and classification of the Empidoidea (Diptera)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1180 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRADLEY J. SINCLAIR ◽  
JEFFREY M. CUMMING
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Incertae Sedis ◽  
Higher Taxa ◽  
The Family

A cladistic analysis of the Empidoidea and basal lineages of the Cyclorrhapha, based on morphological characters, confirms the monophyly of both groups as well as that of the                    Eremoneura. The resulting final trees are used to revise the classification of the Empidoidea to include the following five families: Empididae, Hybotidae, Atelestidae (including Nemedininae n. subfam.), Brachystomatidae rev. stat. (comprising the subfamilies Brachystomatinae, Ceratomerinae and Trichopezinae), and Dolichopodidae s.lat. The family Microphoridae is not recognized, and the Microphorinae and Parathalassiinae are assigned to the Dolichopodidae s.lat. The Dolichopodidae s.str. includes 15 subfamilies that were previously recognized within the family. Within the Empidoidea we found support for Atelestidae as the sister group to the Hybotidae and for the monophyly of Parathalassiinae + Dolichopodidae s.str. The Empididae remains poorly defined and the genera Homalocnemis Philippi, Iteaphila Zetterstedt, Anthepiscopus Becker, and Oreogeton Schiner are classified as incertae sedis within the                   Empidoidea. In addition, the following higher taxa are proposed: Symballophthalmini n. tribe, Bicellariini n. tribe, Oedaleinae rev. stat., and Trichininae rev. stat., which are all assigned to the Hybotidae. The genus Sematopoda Collin is tentatively assigned to Trichopezinae, and Xanthodromia Saigusa is transferred from Hemerodromiinae to Brachystomatinae.        All morphological characters are extensively discussed and illustrated, including details of the antennae, mouthparts, internal thoracic structures, wings, and male and female terminalia. In addition, a key to families and unplaced genus groups of the Empidoidea is provided. Feeding habits are also discussed in terms of the empidoid ground plan condition.

Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the spider mite genera Aponychus, Paraponychus and Stylophoronychus using morphology (Acari : Tetranychidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio A. Hernandes ◽  
Reinaldo J. F. Feres
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Taxonomic Review ◽  
The Family

Despite their great importance as pests of cultivated plants worldwide, members of the family Tetranychidae have never been subjected to a thorough cladistic analysis to reveal the history and relationships among related genera. Herein, we provide the first phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic review of species of the genera Aponychus, Paraponychus and Stylophoronychus using morphological characters. The results indicate a monophyletic clade uniting the aforementioned genera, although none of the three genera were recovered as monophyletic. We reinstate the tribe Aponychini as the taxon containing those three genera. Aponychus bambusae and A. aequilibris are herein considered junior synonyms of Stylophoronychus vannus and A. corpuzae, respectively.

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