Oil exposure impairs predator–prey dynamics in larval red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Rowsey ◽  
J. L. Johansen ◽  
A. J. Khursigara ◽  
A. J. Esbaugh

The 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico was the largest spill in recent history and led to the exposure of many commercially and ecologically important fish species. Crude-oil exposure is known to result in compromised cardiorespiratory function and swim performance of fishes, presumably altering ecological performance by impairing the ability to capture prey or evade predators. However, this has yet to be empirically tested. This study assessed the impacts of oil exposure on thigmotaxis (avoidance of exposed areas), routine activity, and prey-capture ability in larval red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) by using environmentally relevant concentrations of weathered-oil water-accommodated fractions (0–55.9µgL–1 of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, ΣPAH). Oil exposure caused a dose-dependent increase in time spent in the exposed area of the arena, with an average three-fold increase at the highest dose, suggesting increased risk-taking. Although increased risk-taking resulted in 14% more area explored, oil-exposed individuals were significantly slower to catch prey and caught 67% less prey overall. Prey-capture ability did not appear to be related to cardiorespiratory or swimming impairments, because oil-exposed fish exhibited routine swim speeds and the distance travelled similar to those of the control, suggesting an alternate route of toxicity, such as cognitive impairments.

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 194-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis J. Khursigara ◽  
Jacob L. Johansen ◽  
Andrew J. Esbaugh

2020 ◽  
Vol 223 (22) ◽  
pp. jeb232991
Author(s):  
Angelina M. Dichiera ◽  
Andrew J. Esbaugh

ABSTRACTOxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) transport are tightly coupled in many fishes as a result of the presence of Root effect hemoglobins (Hb), whereby reduced pH reduces O2 binding even at high O2 tensions. Red blood cell carbonic anhydrase (RBC CA) activity limits the rate of intracellular acidification, yet its role in O2 delivery has been downplayed. We developed an in vitro assay to manipulate RBC CA activity while measuring Hb-O2 offloading following a physiologically relevant CO2-induced acidification. RBC CA activity in red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) was inhibited with ethoxzolamide by 53.7±0.5%, which prompted a significant reduction in O2 offloading rate by 54.3±5.4% (P=0.0206, two-tailed paired t-test; n=7). Conversely, a 2.03-fold increase in RBC CA activity prompted a 2.14-fold increase in O2 offloading rate (P<0.001, two-tailed paired t-test; n=8). This approximately 1:1 relationship between RBC CA activity and Hb-O2 offloading rate coincided with a similar allometric scaling exponent for RBC CA activity and maximum metabolic rate. Together, our data suggest that RBC CA is rate limiting for O2 delivery in red drum.


2021 ◽  
Vol 751 ◽  
pp. 141804
Author(s):  
Alexis J. Khursigara ◽  
Jacob L. Johansen ◽  
Andrew J. Esbaugh

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 2372-2379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin N. Bridges ◽  
Michelle O. Krasnec ◽  
Jason T. Magnuson ◽  
Jeffrey M. Morris ◽  
Michel L. Gielazyn ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 686-691
Author(s):  
Christina J. Ge ◽  
Amanda C. Mahle ◽  
Irina Burd ◽  
Eric B. Jelin ◽  
Priya Sekar ◽  
...  

AbstractObjective:To evaluate delivery management and outcomes in fetuses prenatally diagnosed with CHD.Study design:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 6194 fetuses (born between 2013 and 2016), comparing prenatally diagnosed with CHD (170) to those with non-cardiac (234) and no anomalies (5790). Primary outcomes included the incidence of preterm delivery and mode of delivery.Results:Gestational age at delivery was significantly lower between the CHD and non-anomalous cohorts (38.6 and 39.1 weeks, respectively). Neonates with CHD had a significantly lower birth weights (p < 0.001). There was an approximately 1.5-fold increase in the rate of primary cesarean sections associated with prenatally diagnosed CHD with an odds ratio of 1.49 (95% CI 1.06–2.10).Conclusions:Our study provides additional evidence that the prenatal diagnosis of CHD is associated with a lower birth weight, preterm delivery, and with an increased risk of delivery by primary cesarean section.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Enrique Rio‐Rodriguez ◽  
Jose Gustavo Ramirez‐Paredes ◽  
Sonia Araceli Soto‐Rodriguez ◽  
Yechiam Shapira ◽  
Mariana del Jesus Huchin‐Cortes ◽  
...  

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