Miocene Astelia (Asparagales: Asteliaceae) macrofossils from southern New Zealand

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Maciunas ◽  
John G. Conran ◽  
Jennifer M. Bannister ◽  
Rosemary Paull ◽  
Daphne E. Lee
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Bootstrap Support ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Combined Data

The discovery of Early Miocene Asteliaceae fossils at Foulden Maar in southern New Zealand provided a good opportunity to assess the usefulness of cuticular information for identifying members in this family. On the basis of cuticular morphology, the Foulden specimens are assigned to Astelia Banks & Sol. ex R.Br. and described as a new species, A. antiquua Maciunas et al. They are shown to have some affinities with A. alpina, A. linearis and also an apparently unnamed Astelia taxon from southern Westland, New Zealand. Although cuticular characteristics alone were of help in identifying individual species, the addition of gross morphological characters facilitated the differentiation between Asteliaceae genera, greatly improving the phylogenetic placement of the fossil. On the basis of analysis of the combined data, Astelia and Collospermum formed a clade and were sister to a Milligania and Neoastelia clade, albeit with most branches showing little overall bootstrap support.

Hidden in plain sight—a new Strigula species segregated from Strigula novae-zelandiae (Lichenized Ascomycota: Strigulaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 424 (5) ◽  
pp. 267-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARLEY FORD ◽  
DAN J. BLANCHON ◽  
ANDREW VEALE ◽  
ERIN J. DOYLE ◽  
JEREMY R. ROLFE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Its Sequence ◽  
Nrdna Its ◽  
Its Nrdna ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Strigula oleistrata, segregated from S. novae-zelandiae is described. The new species is widely sympatric with Strigula novae-zelandiae from which it is separated by a range of morphological characters and also by its nrDNA ITS sequence. As a result of this segregation, a new circumscription of S. novae-zelandiae is also provided. Comments on the ecology and conservation status of both species, and a revised key to the foliicolous Strigula species of New Zealand are provided.

Callochiton monteleonensis n. sp., first record of Polyplacophora (Mollusca) from the Neogene of Argentina

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 1181-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Urteaga ◽  
Miguel Griffin ◽  
Guido Pastorino
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Central Area ◽  
First Record ◽  
Early Miocene ◽  
Southwestern Atlantic ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Recent Species ◽  
A New Species

A new species of chiton is described from early Miocene deposits of the Monte León Formation, in Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. Callochiton monteleonensis n. sp. clearly differs from known fossil and Recent species of the southwestern Atlantic because the central area of its intermediate valves has a stepped appearance, in which each step is marked by a longitudinal rib. It is similar to Callochiton kapitiensis Mestayer, 1926, a Recent species from New Zealand. Biogeographic implications are discussed. This is the first record of a polyplacophoran from Neogene deposits of Argentina.

scholarly journals A small world: Uncovering hidden diversity in Frullania – a new species from Aotearoa-New Zealand

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt von Konrat ◽  
Peter de Lange ◽  
Juan Larraín ◽  
Jörn Hentschel ◽  
Benjamin Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Small World ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Population Sampling ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Prior Investigation ◽  
A New Species

Abstract Frullania is a large and taxonomically complex genus. Here a new Frullania, F. toropuku von Konrat, de Lange & Larraín, sp. nov. is described from New Zealand. Frullania toropuku is placed in F. subg. Microfrullania. The new species is readily recognised by a combination of morphological characters associated with branching, the perianth, sexuality, and sporophyte, which distinguish it from all other New Zealand and regional species of Frullania. However, morphologically F. toropuku most closely resembles the widespread F. rostrata, which might well be regarded as a Southern Hemisphere equivalent of the Holarctic F. tamarisci species-complex in terms of its cryptic diversity. A combination of morphological characters associated with branching, the perianth, sexuality, and sporophyte distinguish F. toropuku from all other New Zealand and regional species of Frullania. A comparison is made between F. toropuku and morphologically allied species of botanical regions outside the New Zealand region and an artificial key is provided. In a prior investigation, maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses of nuclear ribosomal ITS2 and plastidic trnL-trnF sequences from purported related species confirms its independent taxonomic status and corroborates its placement within F. subg. Microfrullania. The ongoing studies of Frullania species-complexes reveal the urgent need for more species-level phylogenies with extensive population sampling to approximate the actual diversity of Frullania, and to elucidate speciation processes and distribution range formation.

scholarly journals Larval morphology and life history of Eutrichosoma mirabile Ashmead and description of a new species of Eutrichosoma (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea)

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 67-85
Author(s):  
Austin J. Baker ◽  
John M. Heraty
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species

The larval morphology and life history of the weevil parasitoid Eutrichosoma mirabile Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae) are described, and the phylogenetic placement of the subfamily Eutrichosomatinae within Chalcidoidea is determined using larval morphological characters. A description of Eutrichosoma burskisp. nov. and key to the species of Eutrichosoma are provided.

A new species of Alvinocaris (Crustacea: Decapoda: Alvinocarididae) and new records of alvinocaridids from hydrothermal vents north of New Zealand

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 444 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. RICHARD WEBBER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
New Records ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Depth Range ◽  
Basal Segment ◽  
Pairwise Correlations ◽  
A New Species

Alvinocaris niwa n. sp. is described from hydrothermal vents at the Brothers Caldera and Rumble V Seamount on the southern Kermadec Ridge, midway between the Kermadec Islands and Bay of Plenty, New Zealand. Four hundred specimens of Alvinocaris longirostris Kikuchi & Ohta, 1995, described from Japan, are recorded at the Brothers. The presence of a possible third Alvinocaris at Rumble V and one or two species of Chorocaris at Brothers are also reported. Eighty-eight specimens of A. niwa and 41 of A. longirostris were measured and examined to assess morphological variation. Morphological characters used to distinguish alvinocaridids are shown to be highly variable. Pairwise correlations with carapace length indicate that numbers of teeth, spines and setae are generally not related to shrimp size. Descriptions based on small numbers of specimens are thus questionable. The new species is characterised by: short rostrum; paired sternal spines on abdominal somites I III; long stylocerite and robust distolateral spine on the antennular proximal segment, with a subterminal spine; two ventral spines on antennal basal segment; row of spines on distal segment of maxilliped III; and two rows of spines on flexor surface of P3 P5 dactyls. It is the shallowest alvinocaridid yet discovered and also inhabits the greatest depth range, at over 700 m.

scholarly journals A new species of Paralamyctes (Chilopoda: Lithobiomorpha) from New Zealand

Zootaxa ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 451 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
GREGORY D. EDGECOMBE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
A New Species

Paralamyctes (Paralamyctes) rahuensis n. sp. is endemic to the Buller area of South Island, New Zealand. Cladistic analysis of morphological characters indicates closest relations to P. (P.) harrisi Archey, 1922, from North Island, and P. (P.) monteithi Edgecombe, 2001, from Queensland, Australia.

The phylogenetic placement and circumscription of the genus Synotaxus (Araneae : Synotaxidae), a new species from Guyana, and notes on theridioid phylogeny

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingi Agnarsson
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sister Relationship ◽  
Parsimonious Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Selection Of

The genus Synotaxus Simon, 1895 is reviewed. Modern systematic work has challenged the classical placement of Synotaxus as an argyrodine theridiid. Its placement is evaluated in a phylogenetic analysis containing a wide selection of theridiids, including all major argyrodine genera. For the analysis, two published matrices are fused to produce a dataset containing 83 orbicularian taxa and 302 morphological characters. Although the two matrices share only 10 taxa and 33 characters, a single most parsimonious tree is obtained. The results are congruent with results from each independent matrix, and unambiguously corroborate the placement of Synotaxus outside Theridiidae. Some superficial similarities, such as the elongate abdomen extending far beyond the spinnerets, are clearly convergent in the two taxa. Synotaxus, furthermore, lacks the suite of synapomorphies defining Theridiidae. Thus, its transfer out of Theridiidae is corroborated, and a sister relationship with Chileotaxusi Platnick, 1990 is proposed, based on similarities in web and somatic morphology. A synapomorphy-based circumscription of the genus is given. Synotaxus waiwai, sp. nov. is described, Synotaxus monoceros (Caporiacco, 1947), previously only known from males, is redescribed and synonymised with S. pupularum, Exline & Levi, 1965, syn. nov., previously only known from females. A description of the webs of both species is given, as well as that of Chileotaxus sans Platnick, 1990. Many further Synotaxus species remain to be described.

On the spider genus Weintrauboa (Araneae, Pimoidae), with a description of a new species from China and comments on its phylogenetic relationships

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1814 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO HORMIGA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
A New Species

Weintrauboa yele new species (Pimoidae) is described and illustrated based on specimens collected in China. The taxonomic status and distribution of Weintrauboa insularis (Saito, 1935) new combination and of W. chikunii (Oi, 1979) are discussed and the former species is illustrated based on specimens from the Sakhalin islands. Parsimony analysis of morphological characters provides support for the monophyly of Weintrauboa and for its sister group relationship to the genus Putaoa Hormiga and Tu, 2008. Some comments on the phylogenetic placement of the recently erected family “Sinopimoidae” are provided.

Phylogenetic placement and revision of the tropical Asian crab spider genus Pagida (Araneae : Thomisidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh P. Benjamin ◽  
Crisenthiya I. Clayton
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Crab Spider ◽  
A New Species

The tropical Asian crab spider genus Pagida Simon, 1895 has remained taxonomically unrevised and has never been subjected to phylogenetic evaluation. The present study is designed to investigate the monophyly of the genus, its placement within Thomisidae and review all species. Our cladistic analysis, based on 78 morphological characters from 34 taxa (30 ingroup and four outgroup), demonstrates the monophyly of the genus and shows that Pagida is sister to Stiphropus Gerstäcker, 1873 within Thomisidae. The monophyly of Pagida and Pagida + Stiphropus is well supported. Pagida salticiformis (O. P.-Cambridge, 1883), the type species of Pagida, is redescribed from a series of specimens collected recently from its type locality, Sri Lanka. Pagida pseudorchestes is redescribed based on nine males and seven females. A new species, Pagida minuta, sp. nov., is described, based on four males and one female.

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