The Effects of Post-Fire Management on Bird Community Succession

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Izhaki ◽  
M Adar
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Halepensis ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Passerine Bird ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Wild Fire ◽  
Logged Forest ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Avian Community Structure

In September 1989 a wild fire burned over 300 ha of pine (Pinus halepensis) forest on Mt. Carmel, Israel. In winter 1990, logging took place on several burned plots. Since then, nonbreeding bird communities were censused in unburned plots, in burned plots and in burned logged plots. Canonical correspondence analysis was used to investigate the relationship between bird composition, post-fire managements and time since fire. Thirty-three species of passerine bird were recorded during fall, winter and spring (1991-1994). The most significant differences in avian community structure appeared between the unburned forest and the burned logged forest, and between the first period (1-2 years) post-fire and the following period (3-5 years post-fire). In general, the number of bird species in the ecosystem was increased as the result of imposing different post-fire managements. Therefore, creating a mosaic of different type of habitats contributed in maintaining high bird diversity.

scholarly journals Congruence between breeding and wintering biodiversity hotspots: A case study in farmlands of Western Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Federico Morelli ◽  
Zbigniew Kwieciński ◽  
Piotr Indykiewicz ◽  
Łukasz Jankowiak ◽  
Paweł Szymański ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Complete Representation ◽  
Evolutionary Distinctiveness

Abstract Farmland landscapes are recognized as important ecosystems, not only for their rich biodiversity but equally so for the human beings who live and work in these places. However, biodiversity varies among sites (spatial change) and among seasons (temporal change). In this work, we tested the hypothesis that bird diversity hotspots distribution for breeding is congruent with bird diversity hotspots for wintering season, focusing also the representation of protected areas for the conservation of local hotspots. We proposed a framework based on the use of species richness, functional diversity, and evolutionary distinctiveness to characterize avian communities. Although our findings show that the spatial distribution of local bird hotspots differed slightly between seasons, the protected areas’ representation was similar in both seasons. Protected areas covered 65% of the most important zones for breeding and 71% for the wintering season in the farmland studied. Functional diversity showed similar patterns as did bird species richness, but this measure can be most effective for highlighting differences on bird community composition. Evolutionary distinctiveness was less congruent with species richness and functional diversity, among seasons. Our findings suggest that inter-seasonal spatial congruence of local hotspots can be considered as suitable areas upon which to concentrate greater conservation efforts. However, even considering the relative congruence of avian diversity metrics at a local spatial scale, simultaneous analysis of protected areas while inter-seasonally considering hotspots, can provide a more complete representation of ecosystems for assessing the conservation status and designating priority areas.

Avian species composition and ecological distribution in south lake wetland park, hohhot

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Namkhaidorj Sainbileg ◽  
Wang Tong ◽  
Yang Fan ◽  
Yang Guisheng
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Resident Species ◽  
Wetland Area ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
The Relationship

Species diversity and composition of bird community at South Lake Wetland Park in Hohhot city were investigated from October 2013 to September 2014. In total，64 bird species belonging to 33 families and 14 orders were recorded. There are 36 summer migrant species, 15 resident species, 11 traveling species and 2 winter migrant species found. The habitats of birds were grouped into four types (wetland, woodland, grassland and residential area) according to topography and vegetation types in the survey area．Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H`) was 2.9450 in wetland area and 1.0768 in grassland area the highest and the lowest values, respectively. The evenness of bird species was 0.4058 lowest in woodland and 0.7581 highest in residential area. The dominance index of bird species was 0.0733 lowest in the wetland and 0.4319 highest in the woodland, respectively. This paper analyzed the relationship between the main dominant bird species and their habitat characteristics，explained the main reasons for the increased bird species number.

scholarly journals Spatial Variation in Bird Community Composition in Relation to Topographic Gradient and Forest Heterogeneity in a Central Amazonian Rainforest

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Cintra ◽  
Luciano N. Naka
Keyword(s):  
Forest Structure ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Avian Community ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Topographic Gradient ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Amazonian Rainforest ◽  
Forest Streams ◽  
Composition Changes

We investigated the effects of landscape features and forest structure on the avian community at the Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke near Manaus, in the Brazilian Amazon. We sampled the landscape and forest in 72 50 × 50 m plots systematically distributed in the reserve, covering an area of 6,400 ha. The avifauna was sampled using mist nets and acoustic surveys near the plots. We found no significant relationships between landscape features and forest components in the plots and the number of bird species and individuals sampled. Results of Principal Coordinate Analyses, however, showed that bird species composition changes along a topographic gradient (plateau-slope-valley), and also in relation to leaf litter depth and distance to forest streams. We also found compositional differences in the avian community on the eastern and western water basins that compose the reserve. Our results suggest that although most bird species occur throughout the reserve, many species track differences in the landscape and the forest structure.

scholarly journals Tropical forest remnants as shelters of avian diversity within a tourism development matrix in Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 799
Author(s):  
Jorge E. Ramírez-Albores ◽  
Marlín Pérez-Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Land Use Types ◽  
Forest Remnants

Tropical forests have undergone extensive transformation because of increasing tourism development, in addition to historic clearing for agricultural and cattle grazing activities. Altogether, these activities have had an important effect on bird diversity, reducing the habitat available to many species. In this study, the role of tropical forest remnants located between different land use types was evaluated for species diversity, composition, and distribution of the bird community at Akumal region in Quintana Roo, Mexico. Point counts were used to quantify the avifauna by habitat, and Shannon´s and Simpson´s diversity index were used to determine bird diversity. Additionally, bird species were classified according to seasonality and trophic guild by type of habitat. A total of 160 species and 50 families was recorded, of which 100 species were permanent residents, 47 winter visitors and 11 transients. Mature tropical forest and tropical forest remnants had higher species richness than those of modified environments. This study supports the importance of tropical forest remnants as shelters for bird species in landscapes with tourism developments, and the relevance of these remnants to maintaining high bird diversity. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(2): 799-813. Epub 2018 June 01.  

scholarly journals Bird Diversity Unconsciously Increases People’s Satisfaction with Where They Live

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Lauren Hepburn ◽  
Adam C. Smith ◽  
John Zelenski ◽  
Lenore Fahrig
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Neighbourhood Satisfaction ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover

There is growing evidence that exposure to nature increases human well-being, including in urban areas. However, relatively few studies have linked subjective satisfaction to objective features of the environment. In this study we explore the links among objective environmental features (tree cover, water, and bird diversity) and subjective judgements of satisfaction. We surveyed residents of Ottawa, Canada (n = 1035) about their satisfaction with their local neighbourhoods. We then compared the survey responses to measures of nature near their homes, including bird diversity (number of bird species), tree canopy cover, and distance to water. After controlling for effects of income and subjective happiness, residents’ neighbourhood satisfaction was positively related to the number of bird species nearby, even before participants were prompted to consider nature. Residents’ appreciation of their local neigbourhood relative to others also increased with tree canopy cover and nearness to water. Unsolicited comments from participants following the survey indicated that while residents consciously appreciate trees and water, the relationship between bird diversity and neighbourhood satisfaction appears to be unconscious; very few of the participants mentioned birds. Based on these results, we speculate that a diverse local bird community may provoke feelings of satisfaction through their presence, activity, and songs. Our results create a compelling argument for city planners and individual residents to maintain bird-friendly spaces in urban areas.

scholarly journals Seasonal and Interspecific Variation in Frugivory by a Mixed Resident-Migrant Overwintering Songbird Community

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Wales A. Carter ◽  
Scott F. Pearson ◽  
Adam D. Smith ◽  
Scott R. McWilliams ◽  
Douglas J. Levey
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Passerine Bird ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Mixing Models ◽  
Discrimination Factors ◽  
Diet Shifts

Many temperate passerine bird species switch from diets of mostly invertebrates in the spring and summer to diets that include fruit and seeds in the fall and winter. However, relatively few studies have quantified diet composition or the extent of seasonal shifts during the non-breeding period, particularly among species and across communities with both residents and migrants. We measured carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values in food items (fruits, C3 and C4 seeds, and insects from various trophic levels and plant communities) and in multiple tissues (feathers and plasma/whole blood) from 11 species of songbirds wintering in the southeastern U.S. We combined these diet and tissue values with empirically derived discrimination factors and used concentration-dependent mixing models to quantify seasonal diet shifts. We also validated mixing model results with data from fecal samples. Diets in this bird community, as delineated N and C isotopic space, diverged in the fall and winter relative to the summer as consumption of fruits and seeds increased. Across this songbird community, estimated contributions of fruit to plasma/whole blood increased from 16.2 ± 7.5% in the fall (mean ± SD; range: 4–26%) to 21.7 ± 10.3% (range: 9–37%) in the winter, while contributions of seeds increased from 29.4 ± 2.6% (range: 28–32%) in the fall to 36.6 ± 4.8% (range: 32–42%) in the winter. Fecal data showed qualitatively similar trends to mixing models, but consistently estimated higher contributions of fruit. Our work indicates that fruits and seeds constitute substantial sources of sustenance for non-breeding songbirds, there is considerable separation of resource use among species in the fall and winter, and fecal estimates of contributions to songbird tissues should be interpreted cautiously.

scholarly journals Conserving native trees increases native bird diversity and community composition on commercial office developments

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Dyson
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Bird Conservation ◽  
Tree Protection ◽  
Matrix Habitat ◽  
Site Use

Abstract In cities, woody vegetation provides critical shelter, nesting and foraging habitat for bird species of interest. Human actions—including development and landscaping choices—determine vegetation community composition and structure, making these choices critically important to urban bird conservation. A better understanding of how bird communities are impacted by parcel-scale actions can help guide policy and management best practices to improve matrix habitat quality and quantity. Here, I examined how bird habitat use varies along a vegetation gradient created by different development and landscaping choices. I surveyed 20 commercial office developments near Seattle in the Puget Trough region of Washington, USA selected using stratified random sampling, where I quantified bird communities and observed feeding behavior. I used GLMM and PERMANOVA models with data likelihood metrics to identify the best supported variables for bird site use, along with TITAN models to identify changes in community composition along environmental gradients. I found that measures of bird effective species richness and bird community are positively influenced by the presence of more native conifers, including the presence of a stand predating development and the height and density of native conifers. Measures of the native bird community are negatively influenced by higher non-native tree density. In contrast to prior research, top-down landscape-scale variables did not explain variation in measures of the bird community on office developments. Importantly, I found that birds are associated with the same habitat on office developments as observed elsewhere. Together, my findings suggest an important role for developers, land owners, landscape architects, and tree protection policy in bird conservation.

scholarly journals Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung di Kawasan Pengembangan Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Indah Oktaviani ◽  
Yanti Ariyanti ◽  
Sovia Santi Leksikowati ◽  
Muhammad Asril
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Feeding Guild ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index

AbstrakKawasan kampus Institut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA) sedang mengalami perkembangan fisik yang pesat, seperti pembangunan gedung perkuliahan, laboratorium, asrama, juga embung untuk sumber air. Informasi mengenai keanekaragaman hayati di ITERA sendiri belum banyak diteliti, salah satunya adalah keanekaragaman burung. Burung merupakan hewan besar yang cukup sensitif dengan perubahan lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data mengenai keanekaragaman burung di ITERA untuk memberikan informasi dasar. Metode yang digunakan adalah teknik point count, diterapkan pada lima stasiun utama yang dipilih berdasarkan pusat aktivitas pembangunan. Analisis yang digunakan adalah indeks keanekaragaman, kemerataan, juga kelimpahan. Selain itu, status konservasi dan tipe pakan jenis burung dianalisis menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 19 jenis burung dari 16 famili. Keanekaragaman jenis burung berdasarkan indeks Shannon-Wiener tergolong sedang dan kemerataan jenis merata. Dari kategori kelimpahan yang digunakan terdapat dua jenis burung yang umum ditemukan. Bersumber pada PP No. 7 tahun 1999, terdapat empat jenis burung di ITERA yang termasuk ke dalam kategori dilindungi dan satu jenis termasuk kategori Appendix II di CITES. Feeding guild burung di ITERA didominasi tipe omnivora dan insektivora. AbstractInstitut Teknologi Sumatera (ITERA) campus area is undergoing rapid physical development, such as the construction of lecture buildings, laboratories, dormitories, as well as reservoirs for water sources. Information on biodiversity in ITERA has not much studied, one of which is bird diversity. Birds are large animals that are quite sensitive to environmental changes. This study aims to obtain data on bird diversity at ITERA to provide the baseline information. The method used is a point count technique, applied to five main stations selected based on the center of development activities. The analysis used is an index of diversity, evenness, and abundance. Besides, the conservation status and feed type of bird species were analyzed using secondary data. The results showed that there were 19 species of birds from 16 families. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index classified the bird community as a moderate, and the community evenness index was stable. From the abundance category, two types of birds commonly found. Based on PP No. 7 of 1999, there are four species of birds in ITERA, which included in the protected category and one species, including the Appendix II category in CITES. Omnivorous and insectivorous types dominate bird guild feeding in ITERA.

scholarly journals Birds surveyed in the harvested and unharvested areas of a reduced-impact logged forestry concession, located in the lowland subtropical humid forests of the Department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia

Check List ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Felton ◽  
Bennett A. Hennessey ◽  
Annika M. Felton ◽  
David B. Lindenmayer
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Bird Community ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Point Count ◽  
Logging Effects ◽  
Logged Forest ◽  
Reduced Impact Logging

As part of a larger study of reduced-impact logging effects on bird community composition, we surveyed birds from December to February during the 2003-2004 wet-season within harvested and unharvested blocks of the La Chonta forestry concession, Department of Santa Cruz, Bolivia. The logged forest was harvested using reducedimpact logging techniques between one and four years previously. During point count surveys, we identified 5062 individual birds, belonging to 155 species, and 33 families. We provide a list of bird species found within the harvested and unharvested blocks of the concession for the benefit of other researchers assessing the responses of Neotropical avifauna to disturbance, and to facilitate increased understanding of the diverse bird assemblages found within the lowland subtropical humid forests of Bolivia. 

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