Use of stream and river habitats by the platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus, in an urban fringe environment

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Serena ◽  
J. L. Thomas ◽  
G. A. Williams ◽  
R. C. E. Officer
Keyword(s):  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Horizontal Distance ◽  
North East ◽  
Ornithorhynchus Anatinus ◽  
Drainage Channels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Business District ◽  
Yarra River

Radio-telemetry was used to monitor movements and burrow usage by O. anatinus living in the Yarra River catchment, about 20 km east-north-east of the central business district of Melbourne, Victoria. The home ranges of six adult or subadult animals were 2.9–7.3 km (mean ± s.d. = 4.6 ± 1.6 km) long, with individuals travelling up to 10.4 km (males) and 4.0 km (females) in a single overnight period. The mean home-range length of adult/subadult animals was significantly greater than that of juveniles (1.4–1.7 km, mean ± s.d. = 1.55 ± 0.2 km, n = 2). The animals utilised two drainage channels as well as 11.8 km of natural waterways, including the Yarra River (5 km), Mullum Mullum Creek (4 km) and Diamond Creek (2.8 km). Several animals travelled repeatedly below one-lane and two-lane bridges, confirming that these structures are not inherent barriers to platypus movement. In total, 57 platypus burrows were described, including 26 along the river, 29 along the creeks and 2 along drains. The horizontal distance from the water’s edge to burrow chambers was 0.4–3.7 m (mean ± s.d. = 1.5 ± 0.9 m, n = 41), with burrows found only in banks extending ≥ 0.5 m above the water. Platypus burrows occurred significantly more often than expected along undercut banks and in association with moderate-to-dense vegetation overhanging the water, and significantly less often at sites where banks had a convex profile at water level. As well, the amount of cover provided along the bank by shrubs/small trees and the ground layer of vegetation was significantly greater than expected at platypus burrows along the river. These attributes are believed to help conceal burrow entrances from predators as well as reduce burrow damage through erosion.

Movements, Activity Patterns and Habitat Use of Feral Pigs (Sus scrofa) in a Tropical Habitat

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Caley
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Feral Pigs ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
The Mean

Movements, activity patterns and habitat use of feral pigs were studied in a tropical woodland habitat by radio-telemetry, live-trapping and hunter returns. The mean aggregate home-range size was 33.5 km2 for boars and 24.1 km2 for sows. Feral pigs were rather sedentary, with no tendency to disperse great distances from their initial home ranges. Pigs were most active at night, with peaks of activity in the late afternoon and early morning. Pigs preferentially used the riparian vegetation strip bordering major rivers, and grain crops, when available. The implications for the management of pigs are discussed.

Home range, movement and habitat utilisation of the Carpentarian rock-rat (Zyzomys palatalis) in an isolated habitat patch

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Puckey ◽  
Milton Lewis ◽  
David Hooper ◽  
Carrie Michell
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Habitat Patch ◽  
Minimum Convex Polygon ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Core Areas ◽  
The Mean

Radio-telemetry was used to examine the home range, movement and habitat utilisation of the critically endangered Carpentarian rock-rat (Zyzomys palatalis) in an isolated habitat patch in the Gulf of Carpentaria hinterland over a 13-month period. Two home-range estimators were used in the study, (i) minimum convex polygon (MCP) and (ii) fixed Kernel (KL), the latter also being used to estimate core areas of activity. Based on a total sample size of 21 individuals, the mean MCP home range was 11 165 m2, similar to the mean KL home range of 10 687 m2. Core areas were, on average, 11.9% of the KL home-range estimate. There was no significant difference in the size of home range or core area of males and females. Juveniles had a significantly smaller home range than adults. Home ranges and, to a lesser degree, core areas were non-exclusive, with multiple areas of overlap (averaging 41% and 38% respectively) within and between all age and gender categories, but especially between males and between juveniles. Movement frequencies showed that animals made many short forays in a central area close to the arithmetic home-range mean and far fewer long forays of distances greater than 100 m from the central area. The spatial and temporal activity of Z. palatalis was concentrated in, but not confined to, the 'valley' and 'slope' habitats, with fewer movements of rats onto the surrounding 'plateau'. Resource selection analyses showed that Z. palatalis tended to prefer valley and slope habitats over the plateau and that the proportion of point locations was significantly higher for adults in the slope habitat and for juveniles in the valley habitat. Most home ranges were centred on the ecotone between these two habitat types. Although isolated and spatially limited, these habitat patches provide high-quality resources for dense populations of Z. palatalis. This study exemplifies a species' attempt to make efficient use of a limited resource in an otherwise hostile environment. Even small declines in habitat area or quality due to their vulnerability to fire would impact upon many animals.

scholarly journals Central Business District of St. Petersburg 1869–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
Константин Аркадьевич Холодилин ◽  
Леонид Эдуардович Лимонов
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
City Center ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Business District ◽  
The City

The city center is at the core of urban and housing economics. Many models crucially depend on it. In a market economy, the location of urban amenities, especially eating establishments, closely correlates with that of the city center and, more generally, with the Central Business District (CBD). In a centrally planned economy, the spatial distribution of those amenities is determined by the central planner and can differ significantly from a market-based distribution. Using the case of St. Petersburg (Russia), we investigate changes in the spatial distribution of eating establishments resulting from the transition from a market economy to a centrally planned one and then again to a market economy. In addition, we explore the shifts of the city center between 1895 and 2017 using eating establishments as a proxy. The spatial distribution is analyzed using a 2-D kernel density estimation. We find evidence for a substantial reduction and dispersion of eating establishments during the Soviet period. We also establish that after the October 1917 Revolution the city center of St. Petersburg moved several kilometers to the north-east.

Gap-crossing in fragmented habitats by mahogany gliders (Petaurus gracilis). Do they cross roads and powerline corridors?

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumiko Asari ◽  
Christopher N. Johnson ◽  
Mark Parsons ◽  
Johan Larson
Keyword(s):  
Convex Polygon ◽  
Harmonic Mean ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Minimum Convex Polygon ◽  
Narrow Strip ◽  
North East ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Scattered Trees ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gap Crossing

The mahogany glider (Petaurus gracilis) is one of the most threatened arboreal mammals in Australia. Although its habitat is affected by fragmentation, gap-crossing behaviour of the species has not been studied. A radio-tracking survey was undertaken on six individuals (three males, three females) in a woodland patch bisected by a 35.8-m-wide highway and a 31.5-m-wide powerline corridor, in north-east Queensland. The mean home ranges of males were 20.1 ± 3.3 ha, 21.3 ± 7.9 ha and 20.9 ± 8.2 ha, as measured by the Minimum Convex Polygon, Kernel and Harmonic Mean methods respectively. The mean home ranges of females were 8.9 ± 0.5 ha, 9.0 ± 4.2 ha and 8.8 ± 2.3 ha, as measured by the Minimum Convex Polygon, Kernel and Harmonic Mean methods respectively. Two males and one female were observed crossing linear gaps. However, there was less crossing than expected, and females were less likely to cross than males. One male used a narrow strip of woodland at the opposite side of the highway as supplemental habitat for foraging. This individual also used scattered trees in a grassland matrix for foraging or denning. Another male used a wooden power pole as a launching site to cross the highway. This study emphasises the importance of protecting large trees along linear barriers in open habitat, and suggests that gliding poles may be used to facilitate gap-crossing by mahogany gliders.

scholarly journals Size of home range of Tengmalm’s owl (Aegolius funereus) males during breeding season assessed by radio-telemetry in the Jizera Mountains, Czechia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Marek Kouba ◽  
Václav Tomášek
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Aegolius Funereus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tengmalm's Owl

Abstract Animal home ranges are typically characterized by their size, shape and a given time interval and can be affected by many different biotic and abiotic factors. Understanding of animal movements and assessing the size of their home ranges are essential topics in ecology and necessary for effective species protection, especially concerning birds of prey. Using radio-telemetry (VHF; 2.1 g tail-mounted tags) we studied the movements of two Tengmalm’s owl (Aegolius funereus) males during the breeding season 2008 in a mountain area of Central Europe (the Czech Republic, the Jizera Mountains: 50˚ 50’ N, 15˚ 16’ E). We determined their average nocturnal hunting and diurnal roosting home range sizes. The mean hunting home range size calculated according to the 90% fixed kernel density estimator was 251.1 ± 43.2 ha (± SD). The mean roosting home range size calculated according to the 100% minimum convex polygon method was 57.9 ± 15.8 ha (± SD). The sizes of hunting home ranges during breeding in this study coincide with those previously reported by other studies focusing on Tengmalm’s owl males. However, we found the roosting home ranges were smaller in size compared to those previously reported. This result was most probably connected with different habitat structure in our study area, which was severally damaged by air-pollution in the past, thus probably offering fewer suitable hiding-places, for instance from predators. We found the roosting locations were concentrated in the oldest and densest Norway spruce forest patches. We emphasize that these parts of forest stands require the highest possible protection in our study area.

scholarly journals Size of Territories and Home Ranges of Male Western Yellow-breasted Chats (Icteria virens auricollis) in British Columbia

2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
René McKibbin ◽  
Christine A. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Density Estimation ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Radio Telemetry ◽  
Kernel Density ◽  
Home Ranges ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Icteria Virens ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
The Mean

During 2005 and 2006, radio-transmitters were fitted to a total of 11 male Western Yellow-breasted Chats, Icteria virens auricollis, in the southern Okanagan River valley, British Columbia, to compare the area used, as detected by radio-telemetry and as defined by mapped observations of breeding males singing and perching. Data were only collected for 5 males. For 2005 and 2006, the 95% kernel density estimation (KDE) revealed that mean area used by male Western Yellow-breasted Chats, as determined by radio-tracking (n = 5), was 1.16 ha, whereas the mean area as defined by observations of breeding males singing and perching was 0.62 ha (no statistical difference). Our hypothesis that the area determined by radio-tracking would be significantly larger than the area defined by observations of males singing and perching was rejected, but the area determined by radio-tracking was almost twice the area defined by observations of breeding males singing and perching.

scholarly journals An Urban-Spatial Analysis of the Women in the Informal Sectors of Greater Guwahati City of Assam, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zona Bhuyan
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Guwahati City ◽  
Business District ◽  
The City

This article reflects the use of urban space by women in urban informal sectors in the city of Guwahati located in North East India. The population influx from across the borders in the aftermath of the partition has huge implications both on polity and on economy of the northeastern states in general and Assam in particular.  Importantly, the urban informal sectors have a sizeable share in terms of its significant contributions towards Gross Domestic Product (GDP) as well as generation of employment opportunities largely. Using a feminist perspective, the research is an attempt to investigate the engagement of women in the informal sector in greater Guwahati. Research findings reveal that the occupations of the women workers are location-specific, that is, the manufacturing sectors (textiles, food preparation, printing and skilled service) are mainly home/shop based production (fixed locations) whereas the service sectors (leisure, caring, elementary construction, elementary sales and cleaning occupation) operate at variable locations (construction sites, street pavements, marketplaces and other various locations). Further analysis shows that the informal sector is highly demand dependent and such demands are in the central business areas of the city, therefore informal sector services (skilled services and elementary services) are found to be located in and around the central areas of Guwahati city. Women operators in the informal sector are attracted to the central business district because of the many advantages that it enjoys relative to other parts of a city. The paper concludes by calling on policy makers and physical planning agencies to evolve more pragmatic strategies for urban development matters in order that urban informal sector activities can be integrated into urban development plans. Finally, further research is called for on how urban planners could redesign the urban space with appropriate consideration of the informal sector operators.

Swan Street Bridge Upgrade – Widening a 70-year old bridge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alistair Watson ◽  
Scott Paton ◽  
Andrew Cowell
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Design Competition ◽  
Bridge Crossing ◽  
Business District ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Yarra River

<p>The Swan Street Bridge is a reinforced concrete five-span arch bridge crossing the Yarra River in Melbourne, Australia. Constructed circa 1950, it provided four lanes of traffic and narrow pedestrian footpaths on both sides. The bridge forms part of a key route for vehicular access into the Central Business District, as well as pedestrian thoroughfare to the sporting and events precinct.</p><p>Substantial increases in traffic volumes meant the bridge had become a significant bottleneck and was hazardous for pedestrians. In response to this, a scheme was developed to widen the bridge – providing an additional lane of traffic and four-metre-wide Shared User Paths on both sides – all guided by an overlaying architectural vision created by the winner of a design competition.</p><p>This paper presents the structural technical solutions adopted for the strengthening and widening, which considered the original structural design, as well as the architectural intent for the widening.</p>

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