The Effect of Temperature and Host Species on the Population Growth Potential of the Cowpea Aphid, Aphis Craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae).

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
GN Berg
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch

Age-specific life and fecundity tables were compiled to determine the effect of temperature and host plant on the population growth potential of Aphis craccivora Koch. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r*m) increased from zero at 5� to a maximum at 30�C, and then declined rapidly to zero at 35�C for aphids reared on all the host species tested. At 25�C aphids on Vicia faba showed a greater population growth potential than those on Capsella bursa-pastoris, followed by those on two Trifolium subterraneum cultivars and finally those on Medicago minima. An increase of temperature resulted in an earlier onset of mortality, irrespective of host-plant species. At higher temperatures the reproductive period began earlier and was shorter than at lower temperatures. The rate of reproduction appeared to be the key determinant in the aphid's population growth rate. The estimated lower temperature threshold of development of the aphid was 8.1�C.

scholarly journals MODELING DEMOGRAPHIC RESPONSE TO CONSTANT TEMPERATURE IN BRYOBIA RUBRIOCULUS (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Saeid Javadi Khederi ◽  
Mohammad Khanjani
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Reproductive Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Thermal Constant ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Net Reproductive Rate ◽  
Rate Of Increase

The demographic parameters of brown mite, Bryobia rubrioculus Scheuten were carried out in order to characterize the population growth potential at five constant temperatures: 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5 and 30ºC, 60 ± 5 % RH and 16: 8 (L: D) h. The highest intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm = 0.0243/day), net reproductive rate (R0 = 2.4 ♀/♀/T) and finite rate of increase (λ = 1.0245 day-1) values were determined at 22.5°C. The mean generation time (T) of the population ranged from 22.7 days at 30°C to 45.8 days at 20°C. The maximum and minimum survival rates (lx) were recorded at 22.5ºC and 30ºC. Survivorship data (lx) of adult females were summarized and compared using the shape and scale parameters of the Weibull frequency distribution model across. The age specific fecundity data (mx) was modeled as a function of time by using Polynomial model. The lower temperature threshold (t) and thermal constant (k) of the immature stages were estimated using Ikemoto and Takai linear model to be 12.85ºC and 279.7 degree days (DD), respectively. Of the non-linear models, the Analitis-1, Analitis-2, Analitis-3 and Analitis/Allahyari models were found to be the best for the modeling development rate of immature stages of B. rubrioculus. The optimal temperature for population growth of brown mite on apple was found at 22.5°C.

REPRODUCTION AND POPULATION GROWTH OF THE PEA APHID (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE) UNDER LABORATORY AND FIELD CONDITIONS

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Campbell ◽  
M. Mackauer
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Pea Aphid ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Total Fecundity

AbstractThe effect of temperature on the age-specific fecundity and the survival of apterous and alate virginoparous pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), from Kamloops, B.C., was measured. Demographic statistics were estimated for 10.3°, 14.8°, 19.7°, 26.1°, and 27.8°C constant and for fluctuating field temperatures. On a 24-h-day time-scale, temperature and longevity were inversely related in both morphs; total fecundity was highest at average and low constant temperatures. On a physiological time-scale, the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was insensitive to changes in constant temperature in the range between 10° and 20°C; temperatures above 25°C were detrimental to aphid population growth and survival. Alate virginoparae generally had a longer pre-reproductive period and achieved a lower mean total fecundity than apterae maintained under identical conditions. The usefulness of laboratory measurements for the prediction of population growth under variable field temperatures is discussed. Differences in the reproductive patterns of alate and apterous pea aphids are considered in the context of the r- and K-hypothesis of selection.

The Effect of Temperature and Host Plant Resistance on Population Growth of the Soybean Aphid Biotype 1 (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

2016 ◽  
pp. nvw160
Author(s):  
Ashley R. Hough ◽  
James R. Nechols ◽  
Brian P. McCornack ◽  
David C. Margolies ◽  
Brett K. Sandercock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Soybean Aphid ◽  
Effect Of Temperature

scholarly journals Silicon as resistance inducer in to control black aphid Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854 in Phaseolus lunatus lima beans

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilson Lages Fortes Portela ◽  
Paulo Roberto Ramalho Silva ◽  
José Edmir Girão Filho ◽  
Luiz Evaldo de Moura Pádua ◽  
Luiz Carlos de Melo Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Content ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Biological Variables ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Lima Beans ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT In Brazil, there are few records of insects associated with the cultivation of lima beans; among them, there is the black aphid Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of silicon application on the resistance induction of lima bean plants, Phaseolus lunatus, to the black aphid A. craccivora. The experiment was conducted in the Entomology Laboratory of the Phytosanitary Sector of Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI), Brazil. The effects of the following treatments on biological aspects of the insect were evaluated: silicon applied to soil; silicon applied to soil + leaf; silicon applied to leaf; and control, without silicon application. The following biological variables were evaluated: generation period, reproductive period, and the fertility and daily average of produced nymphs per female. Plant silicon and lignin content were also evaluated. A 1% solution of silicic acid (2.0 g of product diluted in 200 mL of water) was applied around the plant stem (on soil), 15 days after emergence. Leaf application was performed with a 1-L spray, 5 days after the soil application. The non-preference of A. craccivora on lima beans was also evaluated. The evaluations were performed after 48 and 72 hours of infestation by counting nymphs and adults at each leaf section. Silicon application reduces nymph production, thereby interfering in the biological aspects of A. craccivora. Therefore, it can be used in cowpea pest management programs.

Life-history parameters and population dynamics of Ericaphis fimbriata (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum

2006 ◽  
Vol 138 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Raworth ◽  
Daynika Schade
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Leaf Type ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Young Leaves

AbstractDevelopment rate and age-specific fecundity and survival of Ericaphis fimbriata (Richards) virginoparae were determined during the spring on young leaves of blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum L., as functions of temperature. The same traits were measured during the summer and the autumn on both young and mature leaves at 21.2 °C. The temperature threshold for development was 4.1 ± 0.5 °C (SE). For apterae, development time from birth to adult was 157.7 ± 5.9 day-degrees (dd). Proportional lengths of instars I–IV were 0.16, 0.14, 0.34, and 0.36, respectively. Adult life was 434.5 ± 17.5 dd and proportional lengths of the pre-reproductive, reproductive, and post-reproductive periods were 0.05, 0.74, and 0.21, respectively. Mean fecundity was 23.6 ± 1.0 nymphs per female. Mean survival was 602.9 ± 14.6 dd, and more than 80% of apterae survived the peak reproductive period. Alate fecundity was 16.5 ± 3.2 nymphs per female and alate survival was 460.9 ± 47.5 dd. Leaf type and season of measurement had significant effects on development time and fecundity: development time was 158.2 dd (+4.9 upper asymmetric SE) on young V. corymbosum ‘Duke’ leaves in the spring but 312.4 dd (–16.9 lower asymmetric SE) on mature ‘Bluecrop’ leaves, the dominant leaf type, from a commercial field in the summer. Fecundity for the respective leaf types and seasons was 16.7 (–1.6) and 1.4 (+0.5) nymphs per female. From summer to autumn, development time increased on young ‘Duke’ and ‘Bluecrop’ leaves but decreased on mature ‘Bluecrop’ leaves; fecundity decreased on young ‘Duke’ and ‘Bluecrop’ leaves but remained at low levels on mature ‘Bluecrop’ leaves. A simulation model showed that seasonal changes in development time and fecundity were capable of reducing population growth rates to near zero depending on aphid distribution with respect to young and mature leaves. The results support a combined bottom-up and top-down view of aphid population regulation and suggest that control efforts should focus on the spring, when the population growth rate is maximal.

Comparative development, longevity and population growth of exotic and native parasitoids of lepidopteran cereal stemborers in Kenya

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Mbapila ◽  
W.A. Overholt
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Cotesia Flavipes ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Cotesia Sesamiae ◽  
Comparative Development ◽  
Native Parasitoids ◽  
The Mean

AbstractStudies on the effect of temperature on the development, longevity and population growth of Cotesia flavipes Cameron and Cotesia sesamiae (Cameron) indicated that the development of both Cotesia spp. from oviposition to cocoon formation and adult emergence was inversely to temperature. The longevity of the parasitoids was also inversely related to temperature. Both parasitoids lived longer when moisture and food (agar + honey/water) were provided. The mean number of females and total adult progeny produced by C. flavipes on two host were, in most cases, higher than C. sesamiae. The intrinsic rate of natural increase of C. flavipes was higher than that of C. sesamiae.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature on life history and population growth parameters of Planococcus citri (Homoptera, Pseudococcidae) on coleus [Solenostemon scutellarioides (L.) Codd.]

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shila Goldasteh ◽  
Asghar Talebi ◽  
Yaghoub Fathipour ◽  
Hadi Ostovan ◽  
Abbasali Zamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Natural Increase ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Planococcus Citri ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Solenostemon Scutellarioides ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Population Growth Parameters

The development, life history, reproduction, and population growth parameters of Planococcus citri Risso on coleus [Solenostemon scutellarioides (L.) Codd.] were studied at various temperatures ranging from 10 to 37?C, 70?10% RH, and photoperiod length of 16: 8 h (L: D). Females and males successfully developed into adults at from 15 to 32?C and 18 to 32?C, respectively. All first instars died at 10, 12, and 37?C. Lower temperatures (10, 12, and 15?C) caused higher egg mortality than did higher temperatures (32, 35, and 37?C). At all temperatures (except 15?C), the highest percentage of nymphal mortality was observed in the first instar. The sex ratio was female-biased between 15 and 30?C, but there was a slightly higher number of males at 32?C. The highest adult longevities of females and males were obtained at 18 and 25?C, respectively. The pre-oviposition, oviposition, and post-oviposition periods were significantly different at various temperatures. The highest fecundity was observed at 23?C. The shortest and longest oviposition periods occurred at 32 and 18?C, respectively. Maximum values of the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), net reproduction rate (R0), and finite rate of increase (?) and the shortest mean generation time (T) and doubling time (DT) were obtained at 25?C. Our findings showed citrus mealybug performances to be highly affected by temperature.

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