MODELING DEMOGRAPHIC RESPONSE TO CONSTANT TEMPERATURE IN BRYOBIA RUBRIOCULUS (ACARI: TETRANYCHIDAE)

The demographic parameters of brown mite, Bryobia rubrioculus Scheuten were carried out in order to characterize the population growth potential at five constant temperatures: 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5 and 30ºC, 60 ± 5 % RH and 16: 8 (L: D) h. The highest intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm = 0.0243/day), net reproductive rate (R0 = 2.4 ♀/♀/T) and finite rate of increase (λ = 1.0245 day-1) values were determined at 22.5°C. The mean generation time (T) of the population ranged from 22.7 days at 30°C to 45.8 days at 20°C. The maximum and minimum survival rates (lx) were recorded at 22.5ºC and 30ºC. Survivorship data (lx) of adult females were summarized and compared using the shape and scale parameters of the Weibull frequency distribution model across. The age specific fecundity data (mx) was modeled as a function of time by using Polynomial model. The lower temperature threshold (t) and thermal constant (k) of the immature stages were estimated using Ikemoto and Takai linear model to be 12.85ºC and 279.7 degree days (DD), respectively. Of the non-linear models, the Analitis-1, Analitis-2, Analitis-3 and Analitis/Allahyari models were found to be the best for the modeling development rate of immature stages of B. rubrioculus. The optimal temperature for population growth of brown mite on apple was found at 22.5°C.

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EFFECTS OF CONSTANT TEMPERATURE, RELATIVE HUMIDITY, AND SIMULATED RAINFALL ON DEVELOPMENT AND SURVIVAL OF THE SPRUCE SPIDER MITE (OLIGONYCHUS UNUNGUIS)

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent11593-1 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 115 (1) ◽

pp. 93-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

John V. Boyne ◽

Fred P. Hain

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Developmental Time ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Natural Increase ◽

Simulated Rainfall ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Fraser Fir ◽

Oligonychus Ununguis ◽

Rate Of Increase

AbstractExperiments were conducted on Fraser fir, Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir, seedlings or cut terminals. Results indicate that Oligonychus ununguis (Jacobi) responds most favorably to temperatures approximating 26 °C and to relative humidity levels approaching 50 to 60%. Developmental time, time to 50% mortality, net reproductive rate, mean generation time, intrinsic rate of natural increase, finite rate of increase, and days for populations to double were computed for each temperature and relative humidity regime. Simulated rainfall severely limits population density on Fraser fir seedlings.

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Resistance and tolerance of ten carrot cultivars to the hawthorn-carrot aphid, Dysaphis crataegi Kalt., in Poland

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0247978 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e0247978

Author(s):

Maria Pobożniak ◽

Małgorzata Gaborska ◽

Tomasz Wójtowicz

Keyword(s):

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Natural Increase ◽

Reproductive Period ◽

Field Resistance ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Demographic Parameters ◽

Reproduction Rate ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase

Damage caused to cultivated carrots by the hawthorn-carrot aphid, Dysaphis crataegi Kalt. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the factors limiting carrot production in Poland. Planting resistant and tolerant cultivars could reduce yield losses due to the damage caused by this pest. This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance and/or tolerance of 10 carrot genotypes to hawthorn-carrot aphid. Their field resistance was determined under field conditions based on five indicators, namely, mean number of alates (migrants) per plant and mean percentage of plants colonized by them, mean seasonal number of aphids per plant, mean number of aphids per plant and mean percentage of infested plants at peak abundance. Antibiosis experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions and pre-reproductive, reproductive time, fertility, and demographic parameters, represented by the net reproduction rate (Ro), intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and mean generation time (T), were calculated. Five cultivars, Afro F1, Nipomo F1, Samba F1, White Satin F1, and Yellowstone showed field resistance. Antibiosis experiments revealed significant differences among the carrot cultivars in the length of the reproductive period, female fecundity in the time equal to the pre-reproduction time, and total progeny of hawthorn-carrot aphid. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) for apterous aphids varied significantly, ranging between 0.181 (Nipomo F1) and 0.343 females/female/day (White Satin F1). Additionally, the estimated net reproductive rate (R0) was the lowest on Nipomo F1, and this genotype was determined to be resistant. Our results suggest that a very high density of trichomes on the leaf petioles (71.94 trichomes/cm2) could adversely affect the feeding, bionomy, and demographic parameters of hawthorn-carrot aphid on the cultivar Nipomo F1. In addition, Napa F1 and Kongo F1 demonstrated high tolerance. Considering all the results collectively, four genotypes, Afro F1, Kongo F1, Napa F1 and Nipomo F1, were relatively resistant/tolerant to the hawthorn-carrot aphid.

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Bioecology of the tea thrips, Scirtothrips bispinosus Bagnall (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) infesting tea in south India

ENTOMON ◽

10.33307/entomon.v44i3.457 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 161-172

Author(s):

P. Mahendran ◽

B. Radhakrishnan

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

South India ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Natural Increase ◽

Seasonal Abundance ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Developmental Duration ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase

Investigations were carried out on the life history and seasonal abundance of the thrips, Scirtothrips bispinosus infesting tea at Coonoor, The Nilgiris, Tamilnadu. The total developmental duration of females from egg to adult stage was 18.15±0.23, 12.55±0.15 and 10.30±0.23 days at 20, 25 and 30oC respectively. The net reproductive rate (Ro), mean generation time (Tc), intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), finite rate of increase (ë) and weekly multiplication (Wm) rates were high at 25oC followed by 30oC and 20oC. Multiple regression analysis revealed that population density of S. bispinosus showed a negative relationship with rainfall (-0.266), maximum temperature (-38.839) and maximum relative humidity (-3.356) and positive relationship with minimum temperature (63.205), minimum relative humidity (1.686) and sunshine period (2.887). Incidence of thrips was high in the fields recovering from pruning followed by second, third and fourth year in a pruning cycle. The number of thrips per shoot was significantly higher on the plucking table when compared to the shoots present below the plucking table and side branches. In the tea plantations of South India, four species of predatory mites (Amblyseius cucumeris, A. fallacies, A. degenerans and Balaustium sp.), two species of predatory thrips (Franklinothrips vespiformis and Leptothrips mali), an anthocorid predator (Orius sp.) and one parasitoid (Trichogramma sp.) were found feeding and parasitizing on tea thrips, S. bispinosus.

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Development, Reproduction, and Life Table Parameters of the Foxglove Aphid, Aulacorthum solani Kaltenbach (Hemiptera: Aphididae), on Soybean at Constant Temperatures

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11050296 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 296

Author(s):

Bo Yoon Seo ◽

Eun Young Kim ◽

Jeong Joon Ahn ◽

Yonggyun Kim ◽

Sungtaeg Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Life Table ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Thermal Constant ◽

High Fecundity ◽

Developmental Threshold ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Aulacorthum Solani ◽

Temperature Dependent Model ◽

Foxglove Aphid

We investigated several characteristics of the development and reproduction of the aphid Aulacorthum solani raised on soybean (Glycine max) at 10 constant temperatures between 2.5 and 30 °C, and described the relationship between temperature and several critical biological characteristics using mathematical models. We found that A. solani could survive and reproduce on soybean at temperatures ranging from 5 to 27.5 °C. High fecundity was observed at temperatures from 12.5 to 20 °C. The lower developmental threshold and thermal constant for this species’ nymphal stages were estimated to be 5.02 °C and 131.2 degree-days, respectively, using a linear model. The upper developmental threshold was estimated to be 33.9 °C using the Lactin-2 model. The optimum temperature for nymphal development was estimated to be 26.9 °C. The maximum total fecundity was estimated as ca. 76.9 nymphs per adult at 18.1 °C. The daily fecundity sharply increased at earlier adult ages, and slowly decreased thereafter until final parthenogenesis occurred, over a range of temperatures from 12.5 to 25 °C. The maximum daily fecundity was estimated to be ca. 6.1 nymphs per adult per day for a 5.2 day old of adult at 21.3 °C using an age- and temperature-dependent model of adult fecundity. In terms of life table statistics, the intrinsic rates of increase and the finite rate of increase were both highest at 25 °C, while the net reproductive rate was highest at 20 °C.

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Fertility Lifetables of Glasshouse Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) on French Bean cv. Contender at Different Temperatures

International Journal of Economic Plants ◽

10.23910/2/2020.0356 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 001-005

Author(s):

Jyoti Kapil ◽

◽

Manica Tomar ◽

Keyword(s):

Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Natural Increase ◽

French Bean ◽

Population Doubling ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Population Doubling Time ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Different Temperatures

Fertility Life tables and characteristics of the Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) were assessed on French bean cv. Contender at different temperatures 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C. The life table analysis showed that the females lived for a maximum of 58 days at 15 °C. The trend of oviposition showed a peak on 32nd day at 25 °C as the highest number of eggs produced per female per day was 9.98. The true Intrinsic rate of increase (rm) values were 0.123 and 0.121 at 20 °C and 25 °C, respectively. The rate of natural increase (rc) was 0.120 at 20 °C and 25 °C. The highest net reproductive rate (45.86) was obtained at 20 °C. The population doubling time (DT) was maximum (10.42 days) at 15 °C and minimum (5.64 days) at 20 °C. Generation time was 47.17 days at 15 °C which decreased to 24.82 days at 30 °C.

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Biological Features and Population Growth of Two Southeastern European Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Strains

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11040218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 218 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽

Goran Andrić ◽

Marijana Pražić Golić ◽

Erifili P. Nika ◽

Anna Skourti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Growth ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Tribolium Confusum ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

White Rice ◽

Biological Features ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Potential Population ◽

Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

A study of the biological features and the potential population growth between two laboratory strains of the confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Greece and Serbia is conducted on cracked barley and cracked white rice. The results show that, at a species level, T. confusum is able to complete development on cracked barley but not on cracked white rice. Therefore, cracked white rice proves to be an unsuitable commodity for T. confusum. Larval development on cracked barley is significantly shorter for the Serbian compared to the Greek strain (37.7 and 49.7 days, respectively), but pupal development does not differ between the two strains (6.2 days for both strains). Additionally, male longevity does not differ between the Greek and Serbian strains (144.4 and 151.4 days, respectively), while female longevity is significantly shorter for the Serbian (151.7 days) compared to the Greek strain (186.6 days). Fecundity does not differ between the two strains (11.3 and 17.7 eggs/female for the Greek and the Serbian strain, respectively), whilst survival is higher for the Serbian strain on both tested commodities. The values of the net reproductive rate, the intrinsic rate of increase and the finite rate of increase on cracked barley are significantly higher for the Serbian (7.27 females/female, 0.025 female/female/day and 1.026, respectively) compared to the Greek strain (2.91 females/female, 0.014 females/female/day and 1.014, respectively). It therefore is expected that different strains of T. confusum may exhibit variable phenology as well as potential population growth. Additionally, we expect our results to have bearing on the management of this species.

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LIFE AND FERTILITY TABLES OF Pineus boerneri ANNAND (HEMIPTERA: ADELGIDAE) ON Pinus spp. (PINACEAE)

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v46i2.31384 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 251

Author(s):

Josiane Teresinha Cardoso ◽

Sonia Maria Noemberg Lazzari

Keyword(s):

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Pinus Elliottii ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Natural Increase ◽

Reproductive Capacity ◽

Nymphal Stage ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Pinus Spp

Biological parameters of Pineus boerneri were evaluated in laboratory using seedlings of Pinus taeda and Pinus elliottii. The nymphs were observed along their development. The total life cycle was not significantly different on P. taeda and P. elliottii, being, respectively, 69 and 65 days. The same trend was observed for mean fecundity, being about 40 eggs/female on P. taeda and 53 on P. elliottii. However, when daily mean fecundity was considered, the difference was significant, being 1.3 eggs/female/day on P. taeda and 1.8 on P. elliottii. The nymphal mortality was greater on P. taeda (50%) than on P. elliottii (28%). These results reflected on life expectancy which was higher on P. elliottii for the nymphal stage, but for the adult stage there was no significant difference between both host plants. The intrinsic rate of natural increase and the finite rate of increase were similar, indicating that P. boerneri shows the same reproductive capacity on both hosts, despite the net reproductive rate being much greater on P. elliottii (23.8 eggs/female) than on P. taeda (15.4). The highest nymphal survival and reproductive rates on P. elliottii indicate that this host plant is more suitable for the development of P. boerneri.

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Effect of temperature on life table parameters of Phytoseius plumifer (Phytoseiidae) fed on Eotetranychus hirsti (Tetranychidae)

Systematic and Applied Acarology ◽

10.11158/saa.22.3.7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 410 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jahanshir Shakarami ◽

Fereshteh Bazgir

Keyword(s):

Linear Model ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Thermal Constant ◽

Temperature Threshold ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Degree Days ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Phytoseius Plumifer ◽

Increasing Temperature

Eotetranychus hirsti Pritchard & Baker (Tetranychidae) is one of the important pests of fig trees that is widely distributed in fig orchards of Iran. The predatory mite Phytoseius plumifer Canestrini & Fanzago is a phytoseiid mite on fig that can feed and reproduce on E. hirsti. The effect of four constant temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35°C) on demographic parameters of P. plumifer fed on nymphal stages of E. hirstiwas determined under laboratory conditions at 50 ± 5% RH and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (L: D). The total developmental time of immature stages of this predator decreased with increasing temperature from 20°C to 35°C, and varied from 17.13±0.23 to 6.55±0.19 days for females. The lower temperature threshold (Tmin) and thermal constant (K) for the total immature stages of this predator was estimated 10.33˚C and 166.67 degree-days by the ordinary linear model, 11.17˚C and 147.87 degree-days by the Ikemoto linear model, respectively. Female longevity was 67.79, 47.00, 35.11, and 27.42 days at 20, 25, 30 and 35°C, respectively. The highest values of total fecundity and daily fecundity were obtained at 25˚C (35.71±1.73 eggs) and 30˚C (1.57±0.02 eggs), respectively. The value of the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) increased as increasing temperature from 20°C (0.064±0.0012 day−1) to 30°C (0.180±0.0023 day−1), and then decreased at 35°C (0.153±0.0037 day−1). The highest and lowest values of the mean generation time (T) were 32.75±0.95 and 14.18±0.51 days, which were obtained at 20°C and 35°C, respectively. The results of this study revealed that of P. plumifer is effective predator of the fig spider mite and develops effectively at a broad range of temperatures.

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The Effect of Temperature and Host Species on the Population Growth Potential of the Cowpea Aphid, Aphis Craccivora Koch (Homoptera: Aphididae).

Australian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1071/zo9840345 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 345 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

GN Berg

Keyword(s):

Population Growth ◽

Host Plant ◽

Host Species ◽

Natural Increase ◽

Reproductive Period ◽

Aphis Craccivora ◽

Growth Potential ◽

Effect Of Temperature ◽

Temperature Threshold ◽

Aphis Craccivora Koch

Age-specific life and fecundity tables were compiled to determine the effect of temperature and host plant on the population growth potential of Aphis craccivora Koch. The intrinsic rate of natural increase (r*m) increased from zero at 5� to a maximum at 30�C, and then declined rapidly to zero at 35�C for aphids reared on all the host species tested. At 25�C aphids on Vicia faba showed a greater population growth potential than those on Capsella bursa-pastoris, followed by those on two Trifolium subterraneum cultivars and finally those on Medicago minima. An increase of temperature resulted in an earlier onset of mortality, irrespective of host-plant species. At higher temperatures the reproductive period began earlier and was shorter than at lower temperatures. The rate of reproduction appeared to be the key determinant in the aphid's population growth rate. The estimated lower temperature threshold of development of the aphid was 8.1�C.

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Effects of UV Radiation on Egg Hatching Population Growth and Reproductive Parameters of Indianmeal Moth Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Sumerianz Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary ◽

10.47752/sjav.39.130.142 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 130-142

Author(s):

Akram Bakhshi ◽

Ali Asghar Talebi ◽

Yaghoub Fathipour ◽

Ali Mirshekar

Keyword(s):

Population Growth ◽

Exposure Time ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Plodia Interpunctella ◽

Reproductive Rate ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Egg Hatching ◽

Net Reproductive Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Population Growth Parameters

In this research, three age groups of Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) eggs (1-, 2- and 3-day-old eggs) were exposed to ultraviolet irradiation (UVC) with 254nm wavelength for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 32 and 40 minutes, under controlled conditions. The effect of UVC-irradiation on reproduction and population growth parameters investigated for eggs irradiated for 0.5, 1 and 1.5 minutes. The percentage of egg hatching decreased with increase in UVC exposure time, while for each exposure time, the older eggs were more sensitive than the younger ones. The results indicated that different exposure times of UVC-irradiation could affect the reproduction and population growth parameters. The highest value of net fertility rates was observed in 1, 2 and 3-day-old eggs which were treated with 0.5 min exposure. Both the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and the net reproductive rate (R0) decreased with increasing exposure time from 0.5 to 1.5 min while the mean generation time (Tc) and doubling time (DT) increased within this irradiation range. The lowest amount of rm was obtained in 1, 2 and 3-day-old eggs which were treated with 1.5 min exposure time. The results showed that UVC-irradiation is an appropriate technique for controlling P. interpunctella.

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