Immunological Evidence on Relationships of Some Australian Terrestrial Frogs (Anura, Hylidae, Pelodryadinae)

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 575 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hutchinson ◽  
LR Maxson
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Body Proportions ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Adaptive Radiations ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Evolutionary Lineages

Phylogenetic relationships of ground-dwelling hylid frogs have been studied by micro-complement fixation comparisons of serum albumin. These analyses show that this group of frogs is not monophyletic. Two distantly related species-complexes are identified: a lesueuri complex, containing the lesueuri and booroolongensis species-groups of Tyler and Davies; and a freycineti complex, consisting of the freycineti, coplandi, latopalmata and nigrofrenata species-groups. Among the frogs studied, the nearest relative of the lesueuri complex is L. serrata, whereas the closest relatives of the freycineti complex include the L. meiriana and L. ewingi species-groups. Within each complex the species are very closely related to one another, suggesting that both lineages recently have undergone adaptive radiations. These relationships correlate well with some of the morphological characters used by Tyler and Davies to establish species- groups within Litoria. Our results are at variance with the conclusions of Tyler and Davies who used features of biology and body proportions to establish possible evolutionary lineages within Litoria.

Immunological Relationships and Generic Revision of the Australian Lizards Assigned to the Genus Leiolopisma (Scincidae, Lygosominae)

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 535 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hutchinson ◽  
SC Donnellan ◽  
PR Baverstock ◽  
M Krieg ◽  
S Simms ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The phylogenetic relationships of the Australian scincid lizards currently assigned to the genus Leiolopisma have been examined by quantitative micro-complement fixation (MC'F) comparisons of serum albumin. The results of these comparisons do not support the monophyly implicit in these species' current congeneric status, but suggest instead that the Australian species of Leiolopisma belong to several distinct phyletic lineages within the Eugongylus group. These findings are supported by several sets of non-biochemical characters, including features of scalation, osteology and karyotype. None of the Australian species shares a close relationship with the type-species of Leiolopisrna (L. telfairii), and so a new taxonomic arrangement is proposed which distributes them among the following genera: Bartleia, gen. nov. (jigurru); Bassiana, gen. nov. (duperreyi, platynotum and trilineata); Cautula, gen. nov. (zia); Niveoscincus, gen. nov. (coventryi, greeni, metallicus, microlepidotus, ocellatus, orocryptus, palfreymani and pretiosus); and Pseudemoia Fuhn, 1967 (baudini, entrecasteauxii Group 1; entrecasteauxii Group 2, rawlinsoni and spenceri). Preliminary comparisons suggest that other Leiolopisma species, from New Caledonia, Lord Howe I. and New Zealand, belong to phyletic lineages which are distinct from any of the Australian 'Leiolopisma' and from the type-species.

scholarly journals Redescription of Isotomiella alulu and I. delamarei (Collembola: Isotomidae) with notes on the systematics of the genus and new records from the Neotropics

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1825 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ĽUBOMÍR KOVAC ◽  
JOSE G. PALACIOS-VARGAS
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Related Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Central Mexico ◽  
New Localities ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Nearctic Region

Isotomiella alulu Christiansen & Bellinger, 1992 and I. delamarei Barra, 1968 are redescribed after the study of type material and comparison with related species in differential diagnosis. The systematic position of I. delamarei is specified with discussions of the systematics of the genus based on sensillar patterns of the species representatives. Two phyletic lineages are outlined within the genus represented by I. minor and I. nummulifer species groups. Diagnostic tables for Isotomiella species based on sensillar patterns and morphological characters of furcula are involved and a dichotomous identification key to the genus is provided. Notes on the systematics and distribution of Isotomiella species are added. New localities for I. granulata, I. nummulifer and I. symetrimucronata from the Neotropics (Mexico, Nicaragua) are given , and records of I. minor are confirmed for Northern and Central Mexico (Nearctic region).

Phylogenetic analysis of Gigantodax (Diptera: Simuliidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-239
Author(s):  
Paulina Muñoz De Hoyos ◽  
Daniel Rafael Miranda-Esquivel ◽  
Nelsy Rocío Pinto-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Frequency Index ◽  
Species Groups

AbstractA study of the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships among the Gigantodax species-groups was conducted using all Gigantodax species and six outgroups. This analysis was conducted using 71 characters, 58 of them morphological characters derived from 66 species, and 13 of them cytological characters from 11 species. We conducted two analyses under linear parsimony and implied weights. To define the best concavity value we used the frequency index. The value that recovered the most of the groups was linear parsimony search. We obtained 2037 equally parsimonious trees of 277 steps (CI=0.37 RI=0.65). The second value to recover most of the groups was implied weight search with the concavity value of one. Only the igniculus and minor groups were recovered by both analyses (linear parsimony and implied weights K=1). Under linear parsimony the phylogenetic analysis recovered two species groups (igniculus and cormonsi). The remaining four groups (“brophyi”, “cilicinus”, “minor”, and “wrighti”) are non-monophyletic. Based on the cladogram we suggest the following species groups: igniculus (igniculus group), cormonsi (cormonsi group), minor (containing “minor” + “multifilis”), brophyi (G. antarcticus, G. brophyi, G. femineus, G. rufidulus, and G. trifidus), shannoni (containing G. bettyae, G. incomitatus, G. mariobordai, G. pennipunctus, G. septenarius, and G. shannoni), and rufescens (containing G. aquamarensis, G. arrarteorum, G. basinflatus, G. cervicornis, G. cilicinus, G. clandestinus, G. corniculatus, G. cypellus, G. dryadicaudicis, G. herreri, G. horcotiani, G. impossibilis, G. incapucara, G. nasutus, G. rufescens, and G. wrighti). Some species, previously assigned to “cilicinus”, “wrighti”, and “brophyi” groups are kept as inquerandae.

Systematics and biogeography of Salina MacGillivray (Collembola: Entomobryoidea), with emphasis on the species groups in the New World

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-138
Author(s):  
Fábio G.L. Oliveira ◽  
Nikolas G. Cipola ◽  
Eduardo A.B. Almeida
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
New World ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
First Time ◽  
Group Distribution

Nine new species of the collembolan genus Salina MacGillivray from South America are described and illustrated. Two Neotropical species were recorded for the first time from Brazil: S. dedoris Mari-Mutt and S. tristani Denis. Salina was previously known to occur in three Brazilian states, and this is now updated to include 19 states with 12 recorded species. A new proposal of morphological character description and illustration, and an identification key for the celebensis group are provided. A hypothesis for the phylogenetic relationships among 34 species of Salina (about 50% of the 72 described species) allowed three main pursuits: (a) a reevaluation of Salina species groups; (b) the first explicit interpretation of how morphological characters of these springtails may have changed during the course of the diversification of the taxon; and (c) an evaluation of the historical biogeographic connections of Salina, with an emphasis on the celebensis group distribution to the New World.

A preliminary phylogenetic analysis of the genus Fulvius Stål (Hemiptera:Miridae: Cylapinae) based on molecular data

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Sadowska-Woda ◽  
Tobias Malm ◽  
Frédéric Chérot
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Coi Sequences ◽  
Preliminary Phylogenetic Analysis

AbstractThe systematics and phylogeny of the genus Fulvius Stål remains unclear. We present herein the first analysis of the phylogenetic relationships within the genus Fulvius based on DNA sequences. The phylogenetic interrelationships in the genus Fulvius are investigated using partial DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial genes, the 16S ribosomal large subunit and the cytochrome oxidase I (COI). DNA sequences for Fulvius species representing three different subgroups distinguished previously on the base of morphological characters alone are compared to sequences from the closely related genera Rhinocylapidius and Cylapus. The data are analyzed using parsimony and Bayesian inference. The results confirm that on the basis of molecular data we can distinguish the same congruent groups of Fulvius species as using morphological characters, however with inclusion of the specimens of the genus Rhinocylapidius in the bifenestratus-group. Additional studies are needed to clarify the phylogenetic relationships within the tribe Fulviini, as well as within the genus Fulvius and its relation to Rhinocylapidius. However, the results of this study suggest that 16S and COI sequences will be very useful as molecular markers for such studies among these species-groups.

Systematic study of the genus Phorinia Robineau-Desvoidy of the Palearctic, Oriental and Oceanian regions (Diptera:Tachinidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuji Tachi ◽  
Hiroshi Shima
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Study ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Groups

The exoristine genus Phorinia Robineau-Desvoidy of the Palearctic, Oriental and Oceanian regions is revised. Sixteen species are recognised, fifteen of them described as new. Phylogenetic relationships of Phorinia are analysed using morphological characters. The analysis reveals that Phorinia is clearly monophyletic and closely related to Ctenophorinia Mesnil within the tribe Exoristini. The following three species-groups are defined in this genus: the aurifrons-group: Phorinia aurifrons Robineau-Desvoidy; P. breviata, sp. nov.; P. minuta, sp. nov.; P. aduncata, sp. nov. and P. convexa, sp. nov.; the bifurcata-group: P. bifurcata, sp. nov.; P. quadrata, sp. nov.; P. longiseta, sp. nov. and P. spinulosa, sp. nov.; and the flava-group: P. flava, sp. nov.; P. gracilis, sp. nov.; P. australiana, sp. nov.; P. denticulata, sp. nov.; P. insignita, sp. nov.; P. occidentalis, sp. nov. and P. orientalis, sp. nov.

Phylogeny and evolution of the genus Ctenocolum Kingsolver & Whitehead (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae), with the description of three new species

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Daiara Manfio ◽  
Isaac Reis Jorge ◽  
Gael J. Kergoat ◽  
Cibele Stramare Ribeiro-Costa
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
Ancestral State ◽  
Dorsal Process ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Phylogeny And Evolution ◽  
State Estimations

The seed beetle genus Ctenocolum Kingsolver & Whitehead is peculiar because its preferred host Lonchocharpus Kunth (Fabaceae) is not preyed upon by other bruchine species. This study investigates the phylogenetic relationships and evolution of this genus and of its species groups, while providing the description of three new species and of the male of C. biolleyi Kingsolver & Whitehead. To infer phylogenetic relationships, a character matrix of 40 morphological characters was assembled and analysed using both parsimony and Bayesian inference. Ancestral state estimations of host plant use and biogeography analyses were also performed. A total of 22 species were examined: 16 Ctenocolum species (including the three new ones) and six outgroup bruchine species (from genera Caryedes Hummel, Meibomeus Bridwell, Pygiopachymerus Pic and Pachymerus Thunberg). All resulting trees support the monophyly of the genus Ctenocolum. Three synapomorphies characterize the genus: (i) head with frontal carina enlarged at base, (ii) male pygidium truncated apically, and (iii) lateral lobes of tegmen with dorsal process. The two known species groups are also recovered monophyletic in the parsimony analyses. The following three species are described: Ctenocolum inmaculatus Manfio & Ribeiro-Costa sp. nov. (Type locality: Venezuela, Guarico), which belongs to the group tuberculatum; Ctenocolum nigronotus Manfio & Ribeiro-Costa sp. nov. (Type locality: Porto Rico, Mayaguez) and C. pallidus Manfio & Ribeiro-Costa sp. nov. (Type locality: Republic of Guyana), which belong to the group podagricus. Finally, we present colored illustrations of dorsal patterns and male genitalia for these three new species and C. biolleyi in addition to an updated key for the genus Ctenocolum.

scholarly journals The genus Oligonychus Berlese (Acari, Prostigmata, Tetranychidae): taxonomic assessment and a key to subgenera, species groups, and subgroups

ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1079 ◽  
pp. 89-127
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Saqib Mushtaq ◽  
Fahad Jaber Alatawi ◽  
Muhammad Kamran ◽  
Carlos Holger Wenzel Flechtmann
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
As Species ◽  
Generic Character ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Doubtful Species ◽  
Species Inquirendae ◽  
Mite Genus

A comprehensive taxonomic assessment of the most agriculturally important and highly diverse spider mite genus, Oligonychus Berlese (Acari: Tetranychidae) was performed. The sub-generic division, species groups, doubtful species, species complexes and the interpretation of a key generic character are discussed. Based on the orientation of the male aedeagus, only two subgenera, namely Oligonychus Berlese (aedeagus downturned) and Reckiella Tuttle & Baker (aedeagus upturned), are valid in the genus Oligonychus. The subgenera Homonychus Wainstein, Metatetranychoides Wainstein, and Wainsteiniella Tuttle & Baker are considered to be synonyms of the subgenus Oligonychus, whereas the subgenus Pritchardinychus Wainstein is proposed as a synonym of the subgenus Reckiella. Moreover, based on female morphological characters, four species groups (coffeae, exsiccator, iseilemae, and peruvianus) and 11 species subgroups (aceris, biharensis, coffeae, comptus, exsiccator, gossypii, iseilemae, peruvianus, pritchardi, smithi, and subnudus) are suggested in the subgenera Oligonychus and Reckiella. Fourteen Oligonychus species are proposed as species inquirendae, and potential cryptic species complexes in the genus Oligonychus are briefly highlighted. It is agreed that the clunal seta h1 is always absent, while the para-anal setae h2 and h3 are always present in the genus Oligonychus. A key to subgenera, species groups, and species subgroups of the genus Oligonychus is provided.

Phylogenetic relationships and morphology of the Pristimantis leptolophus species group (Amphibia: Anura: Brachycephaloidea), with the recognition of a new species group in Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4243 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO A. GONZÁLEZ-DURÁN ◽  
MARIANE TARGINO ◽  
MARCO RADA ◽  
TARAN GRANT
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Species Group ◽  
External Morphology ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
A New Species

We evaluate the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of the Pristimantis leptolophus species group and describe its external morphology, osteology, and some myological characteristics. We also compare the P. leptolophus species group to other related species groups. The P. leptolophus group is not monophyletic due to the inclusion of P. acatallelus, formerly believed to be part of the P. devillei group. The revised P. leptolophus group is composed of nine named species and six unnamed species. Based on our results, we recognize a new species group, the P. boulengeri species group, composed of eight species, many of which were previously assigned to the P. lacrimosus species group. 

Phylogenetic relationships in the genus Closterium

2021 ◽  
pp. 151-154
Author(s):  
Nikita A. Martynenko ◽  
Evgeniy S. Gusev
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
18S Rdna ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Monophyletic Clade ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
The Family ◽  
General Tree

Desmids are a large polyphyletic group of streptophyte algae, numbering about 4000 species. Traditionally, the taxonomy of desmids is based on morphological characters. However, the latest molecular genetic studies of the group conflict with the established taxonomy and indicate the polyphyletic position of some genera of this group of algae. The genus Closterium Nitzsch ex Ralfs, like the family Closteriaceae Bessey, forms a monophyletic clade on the general tree of Desmidiales, recovered on the data of both 18S rDNA and rbcL cpDNA. In our analysis of phylogenetic relationships within the genus Closterium, the existing strains formed 14 clades (species complexes). Within some complexes, some strains don’t differ phenotypically, but diverge on the phylogenetic tree, which indicates a hidden taxonomic diversity within the genus.

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