scholarly journals Cortical response tracking the conscious experience of threshold duration visual stimuli indicates visual perception is all or none

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (14) ◽  
pp. 5642-5647 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sekar ◽  
W. M. Findley ◽  
D. Poeppel ◽  
R. R. Llinas
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Cortical Response ◽  
Threshold Duration

Some Factors Affecting Reaction Times to Auditory Stimuli in Mental Patients

1954 ◽  
Vol 100 (419) ◽  
pp. 462-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. L. Hall ◽  
E. Stride
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
Personal Equation ◽  
Work Up

A number of studies on reaction time (R.T.) latency to visual and auditory stimuli in psychotic patients has been reported since the first investigations on the personal equation were carried out. The general trends from the work up to 1943 are well summarized by Hunt (1944), while Granger's (1953) review of “Personality and visual perception” contains a summary of the studies on R.T. to visual stimuli.

The shadow of the shell: a cue for a new home

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 1165-1169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monserrat Suárez-Rodríguez ◽  
Karla Kruesi ◽  
Guillermina Alcaraz
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Chemical Signals ◽  
Hermit Crabs ◽  
The Real ◽  
Chemical Stimuli ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Intertidal Environments

AbstractHermit crabs use different senses to search for and find shells. In most cases, chemical cues have been proven to act as a very efficient way of finding new shells. However, in intertidal environments, the water transports chemical signals in different directions and velocities may make it harder to track the source of the cue, so visual stimuli may be a more precise source of information. The hermit crab Calcinus californiensis shows a preference for the biconical shells of Stramonita biserialis, although the crabs may also use the less preferred shell of Nerita scabricosta. We were interested in exploring if C. californiensis identify the preferred shell species through vision in the absence of chemical stimuli. We presented both shell species to hermit crabs in two different sets of experiments. In one experiment, we presented to the hermit crabs real shells of N. scabricosta and S. biserialis, and in another, we presented only the silhouettes of the same shells. The hermit crabs discriminated between the real shells and the silhouettes of N. scabricosta and S. biserialis. Females attended with higher frequency to real shells and silhouettes of S. biserialis; while males attended more to shells and silhouettes of N. scabricosta. Although, larger males biased their attendance toward shells of S. biserialis. Our results show that visual perception may be more important than we have thought in intertidal animals.

Comparative Study of Tachistoscopic Perception of Binary Figures in Deaf Children and Normally Hearing Children

1971 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans Mandes ◽  
Patricia Randle Allen ◽  
Charles W. Swisher
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Deaf Children ◽  
Perceptual Development ◽  
Perception Task ◽  
Response Card ◽  
The Right ◽  
Hearing Children

An experiment was conducted to compare deaf children and normally hearing children on a visual perception task. The visual stimuli were 32 cards, each with a binary pattern of eight circles arranged horizontally or vertically. One circle on the right or top and one circle on the left or bottom of each card were blackened to form the binary patterns, one on each side of fixation. The stimuli were presented tachistoscopically at 1/10 sec. and 1/25 sec. S responded by pointing to the positions he saw blackened on a response card to depict 8 blank circles. It was found that deaf children did as well as normally hearing children and that both groups made fewer errors on the left and top positions of the stimulus dimensions. The data are interpreted as supporting a mediational approach in perceptual development among deaf children.

scholarly journals Cortical entrainment to hierarchical contextual rhythms recomposes dynamic attending in visual perception

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peijun Yuan ◽  
Ruichen Hu ◽  
Xue Zhang ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
Information Selection ◽  
Delta Band ◽  
Neural Entrainment ◽  
Cortical Entrainment

AbstractTemporal regularity is ubiquitous and essential to guiding attention and coordinating behavior within a dynamic environment. Previous researchers have modeled attention as an internal rhythm that may entrain to first-order regularity from rhythmic events to prioritize information selection at specific time points. Using the attentional blink paradigm, here we show that higher-order regularity based on rhythmic organization of contextual features (pitch, color, or motion) may serve as a temporal frame to recompose the dynamic profile of visual temporal attention. Critically, such attentional reframing effect is well predicted by cortical entrainment to the higher-order contextual structure at the delta band as well as its coupling with the stimulus-driven alpha power. These results suggest that the human brain involuntarily exploits multiscale regularities in rhythmic contexts to recompose dynamic attending in visual perception, and highlight neural entrainment as a central mechanism for optimizing our conscious experience of the world in the time dimension.

scholarly journals Visual perception of real and virtual visual stimuli by older preschoolers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-346
Author(s):  
Tamara G. Kuznetsova ◽  
Inna Yu. Golubeva
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Visual Stimuli

Kanji Perception and Brain Function

2013 ◽  
pp. 266-273
Author(s):  
Ichiro Shimoyama ◽  
Hitoshi Shimada ◽  
Toshiaki Ninchoji
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Visual Evoked Potentials ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Native Japanese Speakers ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Occipital Lobes ◽  
Multiple Analysis

The semantic processing involved in the visual perception of Chinese characters (Kanji) was studied using electroencephalograms. Thirty concrete Kanji, 30 absolute Kanji and a closed circle were used in a tachistoscopic presentation, wherein one character or a circle was displayed at random for 35 ms, and visual evoked potentials were recorded. The test subjects were11 native Japanese speakers. The concrete Kanji were familiar objects and highly imaginable characters such as a dog, a cat, a cow, etc. The absolute Kanji were familiar Kanji but represented concepts that are difficult to imagine, such as nothing, what, existing, et cetera. P100, N160, P230, and N320 were noted on the evoked potentials. The bilateral posterior temporal lobes and the bilateral occipital lobes were activated for the concrete Kanji at approximately 320ms after the onset of the visual stimuli (P<0.001 by multiple analysis of variance).

Detection performance for short visual stimuli depends on the duration of co-occuring auditory stimuli

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Roberto Cecere ◽  
Benjamin De Haas ◽  
Harriett Cullen ◽  
Jon Driver ◽  
Vincenzo Romei
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Auditory Stimulus ◽  
Visual Stimulus ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Detection Performance ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Auditory Stimuli ◽  
Sound Duration ◽  
Perceived Duration

There is converging evidence that the duration of an auditory event can affect the perceived duration of a co-occurring visual event. When a brief visual stimulus is accompanied by a longer auditory stimulus, the perceived visual duration stretches. If this reflects a genuine sustain of visual stimulus perception, it should result in enhanced perception of non-temporal visual stimulus qualities. To test this hypothesis, in a temporal two-alternative forced choice task, 28 participants were asked to indicate whether a short (∼24 ms), peri-threshold, visual stimulus was presented in the first or in the second of two consecutive displays. Each display was accompanied by a sound of equal or longer duration (36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 190 ms) than the visual stimulus. As a control condition, visual stimuli of different durations (matching auditory stimulus durations) were presented alone. We predicted that visual detection can improve as a function of sound duration. Moreover, if the expected cross-modal effect reflects sustained visual perception it should positively correlate with the improvement observed for genuinely longer visual stimuli. Results showed that detection sensitivity (d′) for the 24 ms visual stimulus was significantly enhanced when paired with longer auditory stimuli ranging from 60 to 96 ms duration. The visual detection performance dropped to baseline levels with 190 ms sounds. Crucially, the enhancement for auditory durations 60–96 ms significantly correlates with the d′ enhancement for visual stimuli lasting 60–96 ms in the control condition. We conclude that the duration of co-occurring auditory stimuli not only influences the perceived duration of visual stimuli but reflects a genuine sustain in visual perception.

Measuring and Modeling Visual Appearance

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 519-537
Author(s):  
Laurence T. Maloney ◽  
Kenneth Knoblauch
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Visual Perception ◽  
Visual Discrimination ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Conjoint Measurement ◽  
Visual Appearance ◽  
Perceptual Judgments

In studying visual perception, we seek to develop models of processing that accurately predict perceptual judgments. Much of this work is focused on judgments of discrimination, and there is a large literature concerning models of visual discrimination. There are, however, non-threshold visual judgments, such as judgments of the magnitude of differences between visual stimuli, that provide a means to bridge the gap between threshold and appearance. We describe two such models of suprathreshold judgments, maximum likelihood difference scaling and maximum likelihood conjoint measurement, and review recent literature that has exploited them.

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