A review of some of the achievements of the National Policy on Languages

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Joseph Lo Bianco
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
National Policy ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Literacy Policy

This paper is a review of the achievements of the National Policy on Languages. The National Policy on Languages was adopted by the Federal government in May 1987 and implemented from that date until June 1991. In September of 1991 the Federal government adopted a White Paper entitled Australia’s Language; The Australian Language and Literacy Policy. In the companion volume to this it stated that the White Paper is an extension and maintenance of the National Policy on Languages.

Australia’s language policies are we going backwards?

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 3-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Clyne
Keyword(s):  
White Paper ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Literacy Policy ◽  
History Of

The recent White Paper, Australia’s Language – The Australian Language and Literacy Policy, is the latest contribution to the history of language policies in Australia. This article explores that history, giving particular attention to each of the string of policy documents released since the early 1980s. Features of the current debate in Australia are drawn out, and a comparative assessment is made of Australia’s policies and those of other countries.

Local Disasters, Government Actors, and National Policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Timothy W. Kneeland
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
National Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Leadership ◽  
Disaster Policy ◽  
National Trends ◽  
Disaster Aid

This introductory chapter provides an overview of Hurricane Agnes, which swept through New York and Pennsylvania in late June of 1972. National trends influenced the federal and local response to the disaster. Hurricane Agnes struck the United States less than five months before the 1972 presidential election, and Richard Nixon's response to Hurricane Agnes was one variable in that election, which charted the course of American politics for the next three decades. In order to win reelection in 1972, President Nixon enacted the most substantial disaster aid package in history to that time, termed the Agnes Recovery Act, which he was convinced was the key to winning New York and Pennsylvania. The chapter then explains that local leaders played a crucial role in responding to the crisis in their communities and in flood recovery operations and rebuilding. Often neglected in studies of natural disaster policy is the way in which local leadership from government and the private sector interacted with representatives of the federal government to restore order and implement change. The chapter also introduces the Federal Office of Emergency Management (FEMA).

The Green Paper on language and literacy

1991 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 39-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Sussex
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Green Paper ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Literacy Policy ◽  
Strong Commitment

The Green Paper The Language of Australia released in December 1990, is the first step in a reworking of language policy in Australia. This paper reviews some of the issues raised in the Green Paper and looks at the implications the agenda the Green Paper sets. The Green Paper contains some good ideas in a flawed cover. The positive aspects of the document will need to be developed in a context based on a holistic view of language and literacy policy and a strong commitment to the consolidation of language policy initiatives.

scholarly journals Indigenous healthcare: Caterpillars to butterflies, case study supporting transformation

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Roger A. Boyer
Keyword(s):  
First Nations ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Indian Policy ◽  
Treaty Rights ◽  
Indian Act ◽  
First Peoples ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Of Canada

The Canadian Government released a document to aid in the relationships between the Government of Canada and First Nations around the ratification and redesign of the Indian Act of 1876. The name of this document was the “White Paper.” The Federal Government's “White Paper, statement of Government of Canada on Indian Policy of 1969,” rejected the concept of special status for First Nations within confederation—they should have the same rights and responsibilities as other Canadians. The Federal Government argued treaty rights were irrelevant in today's society; the important issues demanding attention included economic, educational, and social problems. In Canada's assessment of the “savage” situation, the government could not see wellness wholistically addressing the poverty, social crises, and bleak future faced by most First Peoples was rooted in the very denial of treaty rights and humanness. This article pushes to educate health leaders about current circumstances contributing to racism.

scholarly journals Policymaking in education: Understanding influences on the Reading Excellence Act.

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Edmondson
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Literacy Policy ◽  
Reading Excellence Act ◽  
Critical Pluralism ◽  
Do So

Educators and researchers are being called to participate in language and literacy policy making (Roller & Long, 2001). In order to do so, however, there needs to be an understanding of how policy is made. Although policymaking often appears to be an irrational process, there are theories that exist to explain the influences and mechanisms that work to shape policies. In what follows, I adapt Theodoulou and Cahn's (1995) typology on policymaking in order to discuss how policy is made. These theories of policy making are explored within the context of the Reading Excellence Act to demonstrate how policymaking is read and explained. Given the limitations of these explanations, particularly the sense that there may be no explicit role for educators in such a process, an alternate theory of policymaking, critical pluralism, is proposed. This alternate typology suggests different roles for educators in relation to policymaking.

scholarly journals Deferential Federalism: The Politics and Policy Implications of ‘Collaborative’ Federalism Since 1994

Federalism-E ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Gregory Wilford
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Social Programs ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Social Transfer ◽  
Internal Trade

The topic of this essay is Canada’s evolving federalism. It will examine the development of "collaborative federalism"1 in Canada since the mid-1990s, analysing the politics operating behind it in order to i) detail the stances taken by recent federal governments in their dealings with the provinces and ii) show the consequences of these stances on national policy objectives and social programs. It is this author’s contention that federal governments over the last two decades have intermittently engaged in convenient deference toward their provincial counterparts and that, when this has been done, it has been detrimental to pan-Canadian policy objectives generally and social programs in particular. First of all, the Agreement on Internal Trade (AIT) of 1994 showcases the weaknesses of framework-oriented policy initiatives that characterize collaborative arrangements. Next, the Canada Health and Social Transfer (CHST) created in the 1995 federal budget highlights how easily the federal government can defer greater authority onto the provinces and what this means for social programs [...]

scholarly journals Time for National Renewal: Australian adult literacy and numeracy as ‘foundation skills’

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Black ◽  
Keiko Yasukawa
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Adult Literacy ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Employability Skills ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Policy Environments ◽  
National Foundation ◽  
Language Literacy ◽  
Near Future

Those working in the field of adult literacy and numeracy are currently anticipating changes in the near future as the federal government has flagged the development of a National Foundation Skills Strategy (Australian Government 2010). ‘Foundation skills’ is a term that has recently been suggested as a way of simplifying discussions about literacy and numeracy (Perkins 2009:8), and it has gained traction in various Australian national policy environments (e.g. Gillard 2009, Council of Australian Governments [COAG] Reform Council 2009, Australian Government 2010). Foundation skills appears to encapsulate adult language, literacy and numeracy, and more broadly, it may also include so-called employability skills such as communication and teamwork (Roberts and Wignall 2010:1). In this paper, our main focus is on the adult literacy and numeracy dimensions of what is needed in the policy renewal.

Behind the SNC-Lavalin Scandal: The Transnational Diffusion of Corporate Diversion

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Acorn
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Policy Diffusion ◽  
National Policy ◽  
International Commitments ◽  
Cross National

Abstract At issue in the SNC-Lavalin scandal was a new tool of corporate criminal law: remediation agreements. Introduced in 2018, remediation agreements allow corporate diversion and create an alternative to the prosecution of corporations suspected of criminal wrongdoing. This article examines why the federal government adopted and chose this particular new tool. Drawing on a wide-ranging documentary record, I argue that this reform was the product of transnational lawmaking and the ongoing influence of Canada's international commitments to prohibit and punish foreign bribery. The article shows how international criticism of Canada's lacklustre anti–foreign bribery enforcement record catalyzed cross-national policy diffusion and learning from other states. This led Canada to adopt corporate diversion, which promised greater enforcement, and also led Canada to adopt a form of the practice with legislative and judicial limits that narrowed the chances of any company—including SNC-Lavalin—of obtaining a remediation agreement.

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