La planificación lingüística y la revaloración del guaraní en el Paraguay

2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinny K. Choi

Mientras que el español ha sido la única lengua de la administración, educación e ingreso social y económico por casi 500 años en el Paraguay, el guaraní, recién en 1992, se reconoce como una de las lenguas oficiales y sirve de lengua de instrucción en el sistema educativo con la introducción del Plan Nacional de Educación Bilingüe de Mantenimiento. El presente estudio compara los datos de investigaciones llevadas a cabo en dos ocasiones diferentes: en 1990 y en el año 2000. Se examina el efecto de los esfuerzos de revaloración de la lengua guaraní y los incidentes significativos en la planificación lingüística, acontecidos especialmente durante la última década del siglo XX. Un total de 1035 estudiantes de las escuelas secundarias han participado en el presente proyecto. Summary Language planning and language spread of Guaraní in Paraguay: Comparison, evaluation and implication Spanish has been the sole language of administration, education and social and economic advancement for nearly 500 years in Paraguay. Recently, in 1992, Guaraní was recognized as an official language and it serves as the language of instruction in the educational system with the introduction of the National Plan for Bilingual Education and Maintenance. The present study compares data from research projects carried out on two separate occasions: in 1990 and in the year 2000. The effects of the efforts to promote the Guaraní language and the significant events in language planning, especially those which occurred during the last decade of the 20th century, are examined. A total of 1,035 secondary school students participated in this project. Resumo Lingvoplanado kaj lingvodisvastiĝo de la guarania en Paragvajo: Komparo, takso kaj implicoj Dum preskaŭ kvincent jaroj la hispana estis la sola lingvo de administrado, edukado, kaj socia kaj ekonomia evoluigo en Paragvajo. Lastatempe, en 1992, oni ekrekonis la guaranian kiel oficialan lingvon, kaj ĝi rolas kiel la instrulingvo en la eduka sistemo per enkonduko de la Nacia Plano por Dulingva Edukado kaj Konservado. La nuna studo komparas datenojn el esplorprojektoj realigitaj je du apartaj okazoj: en la jaroj 1990 kaj 2000. La artikolo ekzamenas la rezultojn de tiuj klopodoj antaŭenigi la guaranian lingvon kaj la signifajn paŝojn en lingvoplanado, precipe tiujn de la fina jardeko de la dudeka jarcento. Entute 1.035 mezlernejanoj partoprenis la projekton.

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heinz Neber ◽  
Kurt A. Heller

Summary The German Pupils Academy (Deutsche Schüler-Akademie) is a summer-school program for highly gifted secondary-school students. Three types of program evaluation were conducted. Input evaluation confirmed the participants as intellectually highly gifted students who are intrinsically motivated and interested to attend the courses offered at the summer school. Process evaluation focused on the courses attended by the participants as the most important component of the program. Accordingly, the instructional approaches meet the needs of highly gifted students for self-regulated and discovery oriented learning. The product or impact evaluation was based on a multivariate social-cognitive framework. The findings indicate that the program contributes to promoting motivational and cognitive prerequisites for transforming giftedness into excellent performances. To some extent, the positive effects on students' self-efficacy and self-regulatory strategies are due to qualities of the learning environments established by the courses.


2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katariina Salmela-Aro ◽  
Katja Upadaya

This study introduces the Schoolwork Engagement Inventory (EDA), which measures energy, dedication, and absorption with respect to schoolwork. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the validity and reliability of the inventory among students attending postcomprehensive schools. A total of 1,530 (769 girls, 761 boys) students from 13 institutions (six upper-secondary and seven vocational schools) completed the EDA 1 year apart. The results showed that a one-factor solution had the most reliability and fitted best among the younger students, whereas a three-factor solution was most reliable and fit best among the older students. In terms of concurrent validity, depressive symptoms and school burnout were inversely related, and self-esteem and academic achievement were positively associated with EDA. Boys and upper-secondary-school students experienced lower levels of schoolwork engagement than girls and vocational-school students.


2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Harwood ◽  
Laszlo Vincze

Based on the model of Reid, Giles and Abrams (2004 , Zeitschrift für Medienpsychologie, 16, 17–25), this paper describes and analyzes the relation between television use and ethnolinguistic-coping strategies among German speakers in South Tyrol, Italy. The data were collected among secondary school students (N = 415) in 2011. The results indicated that the television use of the students was dominated by the German language. A mediation analysis revealed that TV viewing contributed to the perception of ethnolinguistic vitality, the permeability of intergroup boundaries, and status stability, which in turn affected ethnolinguistic-coping strategies of mobility (moving toward the outgroup), creativity (maintaining identity without confrontation), and competition (fighting for ingroup rights and respect). Findings and theoretical implications are discussed.


2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Latsch ◽  
Bettina Hannover

We investigated effects of the media’s portrayal of boys as “scholastic failures” on secondary school students. The negative portrayal induced stereotype threat (boys underperformed in reading), stereotype reactance (boys displayed stronger learning goals towards mathematics but not reading), and stereotype lift (girls performed better in reading but not in mathematics). Apparently, boys were motivated to disconfirm their group’s negative depiction, however, while they could successfully apply compensatory strategies when describing their learning goals, this motivation did not enable them to perform better. Overall the media portrayal thus contributes to the maintenance of gender stereotypes, by impairing boys’ and strengthening girls’ performance in female connoted domains and by prompting boys to align their learning goals to the gender connotation of the domain.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beijia Tan ◽  
Jenee Love ◽  
Leigh Harrell-Williams ◽  
Christian E. Mueller ◽  
Martin H. Jones

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aspasia Serdari ◽  
Alexandra Gkouliama ◽  
Gregory Tripsianis ◽  
Hariklia Proios ◽  
Maria Samakouri

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