Aristotle, autonomy and the explanation of behaviour

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-571
Author(s):  
Carlos Herrera Pérez ◽  
Tom Ziemke
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Four Causes ◽  
Autopoietic Theory ◽  
And Robotics ◽  
Scientific Framework

This paper examines Aristotle’s notion of autonomy and its implication for the mechanicism/autonomy debate. We introduce the basic principles of Aristotle’s scientific framework, including his theory of four causes for the explanation of nature. We draw parallels between these notions of autonomy and causation and autopoietic theory, dynamical systems and robotics, suggesting that they may be compatible with Aristotle’s framework. We argue that understanding the problem of design of autonomous robots may benefit from the consideration of integration of Aristotle’s causes, while robotics, in turn, may contribute to the debate providing a common ground for epistemological and ontological notions of autonomy.

scholarly journals Symbiosis with artificial intelligence via the prism of law, robots, and society

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stamatis Karnouskos
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Law And Society ◽  
Citizenship Rights ◽  
Legal Entity ◽  
Profound Impact ◽  
The People ◽  
Physical Presence ◽  
And Robotics

AbstractThe rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence and Robotics will have a profound impact on society as they will interfere with the people and their interactions. Intelligent autonomous robots, independent if they are humanoid/anthropomorphic or not, will have a physical presence, make autonomous decisions, and interact with all stakeholders in the society, in yet unforeseen manners. The symbiosis with such sophisticated robots may lead to a fundamental civilizational shift, with far-reaching effects as philosophical, legal, and societal questions on consciousness, citizenship, rights, and legal entity of robots are raised. The aim of this work is to understand the broad scope of potential issues pertaining to law and society through the investigation of the interplay of law, robots, and society via different angles such as law, social, economic, gender, and ethical perspectives. The results make it evident that in an era of symbiosis with intelligent autonomous robots, the law systems, as well as society, are not prepared for their prevalence. Therefore, it is now the time to start a multi-disciplinary stakeholder discussion and derive the necessary policies, frameworks, and roadmaps for the most eminent issues.

Positive Psychology Competences of Pre-School Teachers as a Tool for Understanding and Nurturing Children's Play

2017 ◽  
pp. 134-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanja Tatalović Vorkapić ◽  
Petra Prović
Keyword(s):  
Positive Psychology ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Preschool Teachers ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Children's Play ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Children’S Play ◽  
The Common

The Positive Psychology frame and definition present a natural environment for understanding and researching children's play in the context of nurturing overall positive characteristics in children's development. Therefore, this article presents a structured review of the common ground between the basic principles of positive psychology and children's play in the context of early and preschool institutions. Also, it demonstrates the implementation of positive psychology principles in children's play and the methods by which positive psychology could be promoted through children's play in kindergartens. Within that frame, the importance is given to the needed preschool teachers' competences in this area. In this context, various activities are presented that reflect a common ground of positive psychology and children's play. Finally, some significant guidelines for future research and practice enhancement are presented.

scholarly journals What does the interactive brain hypothesis mean for social neuroscience? A dialogue

2016 ◽  
Vol 371 (1693) ◽  
pp. 20150379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne De Jaegher ◽  
Ezequiel Di Paolo ◽  
Ralph Adolphs
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Social Neuroscience ◽  
Phenomenological Philosophy ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Directions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
And Robotics

A recent framework inspired by phenomenological philosophy, dynamical systems theory, embodied cognition and robotics has proposed the interactive brain hypothesis (IBH). Whereas mainstream social neuroscience views social cognition as arising solely from events in the brain, the IBH argues that social cognition requires, in addition, causal relations between the brain and the social environment. We discuss, in turn, the foundational claims for the IBH in its strongest form; classical views of cognition that can be raised against the IBH; a defence of the IBH in the light of these arguments; and a response to this. Our goal is to initiate a dialogue between cognitive neuroscience and enactive views of social cognition. We conclude by suggesting some new directions and emphases that social neuroscience might take.

Contaminazioni tra generi nello Zibaldone leopardiano

Revue Romane ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
Miquel Edo
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stylistic Variation ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Literary Genres ◽  
Opening Up

There are sporadic moments when the prose in Zibaldone leans towards a lyrical tone, clearly revealing a strong tension between two opposing tendencies. One, which separates the lines dividing literary genres, prevalent in the theoretical ideas of the author and represses stylistic variation, and the other, which fuses these dividing lines, promoting stylistic variation and opening up a common ground between the styles of the philosophical diary and the Canti. In this common ground, various basic principles of Leopardi’s thinking are partially refuted by his praxis: relativism, criticism of romantic pathos, dichotomy between indetermination and precision, among others.

RECURRING HARMONIC WALKS AND NETWORK MOTIFS IN WESTERN MUSIC

2006 ◽  
Vol 09 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHALEV ITZKOVITZ ◽  
RON MILO ◽  
NADAV KASHTAN ◽  
REUVEN LEVITT ◽  
AMIR LAHAV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Complex Networks ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Music Theory ◽  
Western Music ◽  
Compact Representation ◽  
Network Motifs ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Musical Harmony ◽  
Dynamical Patterns

Western harmony is comprised of sequences of chords, which obey grammatical rules. It is of interest to develop a compact representation of the harmonic movement of chord sequences. Here, we apply an approach from analysis of complex networks, known as "network motifs" to define repeating dynamical patterns in musical harmony. We describe each piece as a graph, where the nodes are chords and the directed edges connect chords which occur consecutively in the piece. We detect several patterns, each of which is a walk on this graph, which recur in diverse musical pieces from the Baroque to modern-day popular music. These patterns include cycles of three or four nodes, with up to two mutual edges (edges that point in both directions). Cliques and patterns with more than two mutual edges are rare. Some of these universal patterns of harmony are well known and correspond to basic principles of music theory such as hierarchy and directionality. This approach can be extended to search for recurring patterns in other musical components and to study other dynamical systems that can be represented as walks on graphs.

scholarly journals Motion Control of Mobile Autonomous Robots Using Non-linear Dynamical Systems Approach

2016 ◽  
pp. 409-421
Author(s):  
Fernando Ribeiro ◽  
Gil Lopes ◽  
Tiago Maia ◽  
Hélder Ribeiro ◽  
Pedro Osório ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Systems ◽  
Motion Control ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Linear Dynamical Systems ◽  
Non Linear

Bio-Inspired Polarization Vision Techniques for Robotics Applications

2015 ◽  
pp. 81-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abd El Rahman Shabayek ◽  
Olivier Morel ◽  
David Fofi
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Light Polarization ◽  
Polarization Vision ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Biologically Inspired ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Comprehensive Survey ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
And Robotics

Researchers have been inspired by nature to build the next generation of smart robots. Based on the mechanisms adopted by the animal kingdom, research teams have developed solutions to common problems that autonomous robots faced while performing basic tasks. Polarization-based behaviour is one of the most distinctive features of some species of the animal kingdom. Light polarization parameters significantly expand visual capabilities of autonomous robots. Polarization vision can be used for most tasks of color vision, like object recognition, contrast enhancement, camouflage breaking, and signal detection and discrimination. In this chapter, the authors briefly cover polarization-based visual behavior in the animal kingdom. Then, they go in depth with bio-inspired applications based on polarization in computer vision and robotics. The aim is to have a comprehensive survey highlighting the key principles of polarization-based techniques and how they are biologically inspired.

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