Gene expression prior to radicle emergence in imbibed tomato seeds.

AbstractThe micropylar region of endosperm (ME) is a physical barrier to radicle emergence in seeds of many different species, including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and Arabidopsis thaliana. ME is thought to be weakened through cell wall-modifying proteins, and this is supported by transcriptome data showing enrichment of cell wall-associated genes in ME. Gibberellin and ethylene have been suggested to be involved in induction of these genes in ME. However, mechanisms underlying this critical event for germination still remain elusive. In addition to hormonal regulation of ME weakening, recent data from high-throughput analyses suggested that it might be important for the radicle tip to ‘touch’ ME (or mechanosensing), in terms of ME-specific gene induction. This emerging hypothesis can be integrated with previous hypotheses about hormonal regulation of ME-specific gene expression in seeds.

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Osmo-priming in tomato seeds down-regulates genes associated with stress response and leads to reduction in longevity

Seed Science Research ◽

10.1017/s0960258521000179 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Ana C.P. Petronilio ◽

Thiago B. Batista ◽

Edvaldo A. Amaral da Silva

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Life Span ◽

Seed Longevity ◽

Transcript Analysis ◽

Short Life ◽

Short Life Span ◽

Tomato Seeds ◽

Expression Studies ◽

Response To Stress ◽

Gene Expression Studies

Abstract Tomato seeds subjected to osmo-priming show fast and more uniform germination. However, osmo-priming reduces seed longevity, which is a complex seed physiological attribute influenced by several mechanisms, including response to stress. Thus, to have new insights as to why osmo-primed tomato seeds show a short life span, we performed a transcript analysis during their priming. For that, we performed gene expression studies of the heat-shock protein family genes that were previously reported to be associated with the enhancement of longevity in primed tomato seeds. Physiological assays of germination, vigour and longevity tests were used to support the data. The results show that the short life span of osmo-primed tomato seeds is related to the decrease in the expression of transcripts associated with response to stress during the priming treatment. These results are important because they add information regarding which seed longevity mechanisms are impacted by the priming treatment. In parallel, it will allow the use of these genes as markers to monitor longevity in osmo-primed tomato seeds.

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An Endo-[beta]-Mannanase Develops Exclusively in the Micropylar Endosperm of Tomato Seeds Prior to Radicle Emergence

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY ◽

10.1104/pp.110.2.555 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 110 (2) ◽

pp. 555-559 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

H. Nonogaki ◽

Y. Morohashi

Keyword(s):

Tomato Seeds ◽

Radicle Emergence ◽

Micropylar Endosperm

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Decision letter for "Retinal Defocus and Form‐Deprivation Induced Regional Differential Gene Expression of BMPs in Chick RPE"

10.1002/cne.24957/v1/decision1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Differential Gene Expression ◽

Differential Gene

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Decision letter for "Early postnatal gene expression in the developing neocortex of prairie voles ( Microtus ochrogaster ) is related to parental rearing style"

10.1002/cne.24856/v2/decision1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Microtus Ochrogaster ◽

Prairie Voles ◽

Developing Neocortex ◽

Parental Rearing

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Techniques for preparing the Lolium perenne coleorhiza for scanning electron microscope evaluation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100124239 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 766-767

Author(s):

Susan B.G. Debaene ◽

John S. Gardner ◽

Phil S. Allen

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscope ◽

Scanning Electron Microscope ◽

Lolium Perenne ◽

Morphological Study ◽

Root Hairs ◽

Inner Pressure ◽

Water Potentials ◽

Radicle Emergence ◽

Standard Fixation ◽

Scanning Electron

The coleorhiza is a nonvascular sheath that encloses the embryonic radicle in Poaceae, and is generally the first tissue to emerge during germination. Delicate hairlike extensions develop from some coleorhiza cells prior to radicle emergence. Similar to root hairs, coleorhiza hairs are extremely sensitive to desiccation and are damaged by exposure to negative water potentials. The coleorhiza of Lolium perenne is somewhat spherical when first visible, after which a knob forms at a right angle to the caryopsis due to inner pressure from the elongating radicle. This knob increases in length until the radicle finally punctures the coleorhiza. Standard fixation procedures cause severe desiccation of coleorhiza cells and hairs, making morphological study of the coleorhiza difficult. This study was conducted to determine a more successful process for coleorhiza preservation.

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Molecular and Microscopic Analysis of Altered Gene Expression in Transgenic and Gene Targeted Mice

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100162521 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 12-13

Author(s):

W. K. Jones ◽

J. Robbins

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Pulmonary Veins ◽

Microscopic Analysis ◽

Mouse Tissue ◽

Adult Heart ◽

Heavy Chains ◽

Altered Gene Expression ◽

Altered Gene ◽

Pulmonary Myocardium

Two myosin heavy chains (MyHC) are expressed in the mammalian heart and are differentially regulated during development. In the mouse, the α-MyHC is expressed constitutively in the atrium. At birth, the β-MyHC is downregulated and replaced by the α-MyHC, which is the sole cardiac MyHC isoform in the adult heart. We have employed transgenic and gene-targeting methodologies to study the regulation of cardiac MyHC gene expression and the functional and developmental consequences of altered α-MyHC expression in the mouse.We previously characterized an α-MyHC promoter capable of driving tissue-specific and developmentally correct expression of a CAT (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase) marker in the mouse. Tissue surveys detected a small amount of CAT activity in the lung (Fig. 1a). The results of in situ hybridization analyses indicated that the pattern of CAT transcript in the adult heart (Fig. 1b, top panel) is the same as that of α-MyHC (Fig. 1b, lower panel). The α-MyHC gene is expressed in a layer of cardiac muscle (pulmonary myocardium) associated with the pulmonary veins (Fig. 1c). These studies extend our understanding of α-MyHC expression and delimit a third cardiac compartment.

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