Heritage management and conservation activities at World Heritage Sites.

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
T. Jimura
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Management And Conservation

Understanding the Relationship between Component and Attribute of Cultural Landscapes: Case of Indian Music and Cultural Landscapes

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-121
Author(s):  
Balaji Venkatachary ◽  
Vishakha Kawathekar
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Peninsular India ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Systematic Understanding ◽  
The Relationship

The widely recognized definition of ‘Cultural Landscape’ in current practice is borrowed from UNESCO as Combined works of Nature and of Man.1 They are complex entities consisting of multiple layering of built-unbuilt components including intangible cultural aspects. These components are interrelated and interdependent. The landscape evolves together through combined natural and cultural processes. In current discourse and practice of heritage management, value-based assessment is a widely accepted approach. Evaluation of cultural landscapes for its Significance and Value is a complex process that requires an understanding of interwoven layers of components and attributes.2 Systematic understanding of such relationships between components and attributes is still in its infancy. Amongst various such identified intangible agencies, this study chooses to explore music. A study of secondary sources was undertaken. Cultural landscapes nominated as World Heritage Sites and identified Indian sites were systematically examined to understand various components and attributes. Using the indicators from this study and the theoretical framework of sociomusicology, a research design was prepared. Recognizing the historical association of music with the sites on the Kaveri river basin in peninsular India, a reconnaissance study was undertaken for onsite validation. Musical associations were spatially mapped for analysis and the findings are presented. Systematic understanding of the relationships between components of a cultural landscape and intangible cultural traditions is still in its infancy. The undertaken study is an exploratory work that focuses on understanding the relationship between components of a cultural landscape and ‘intangible attributes’, especially music. A study of secondary sources was undertaken in two parts. In the first part, concept of cultural landscape has been explored. Cultural landscapes nominated as World Heritage Sites were systematically examined to understand various components and attributes. The knowledge helped in formation of indicators for evaluation of cultural landscapes. In the second part of the study, selected case studies of Indian cultural landscapes were studies with the developed indicators. Musical traditions existing in these sites were theoretically reduced to basic components and mapped for analysis.

The development of legal framework for the management of World Heritage Sites in Oman: a case study on Bahla Oasis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Mohamed Khalil ◽  
Eman Hanye Mohamed Nasr
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Content Type ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
The World ◽  
Heritage Legislation

PurposeThe study aims to analyze the development of Omani heritage legislation against the UNESCO World Heritage Convention (WHC), 1972 and WHC Operational Guidelines (WHC-OGs) to predict the possible effects of the recent developments on the management of the World Heritage Site in Oman.Design/methodology/approachThis study discusses the development of the heritage protection legislation in Sultanate of Oman since 1970; it analyses the Omani Cultural Heritage Law 35/2019 against the recommendations of the UNESCO WHC as well as the requirements of the World Heritage Operational Guidelines. Moreover, the research investigates the possible effects of the recent heritage legislation developments on the management of Bahla Fort and Oasis in Oman, which is the first Omani World Heritage Site and the only site with special management regulations.FindingsThe paper outlines the effects of both the Omani Cultural Heritage Law 35/2019 and the Special Management Regulations 81/2019 on the implementation of the Bahla Management Plan. Additionally, the research establishes how the customization of heritage legislation as a special heritage management regulation facilitates the implementation of national legislation to solve specific local problems.Originality/valueThe study establishes the significance of developing comprehensive legislation to protect and manage the rich Omani cultural heritage and World Heritage Sites in alignment with the WHC and the WHC-OGs.

scholarly journals Refining the Adaptive Capacity Framework for World Heritage Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 25-42
Author(s):  
Montira Unakul
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Analytic Framework ◽  
Organizational Relationships ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Learning Capacity ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Cognitive Frames

Well-developed in the context of climate change, the concept of adaptive capacity has so far not been applied extensively to the study of World Heritage management. This paper applies the analytic framework of adaptive capacity to better understand how institutional attributes enable or hinder systemic adaptation in managing World Heritage sites as boundaries of practice expand due to changing concepts of heritage and emerging management challenges. Drawing upon case studies from Southeast Asia, the study proposes a refined framework with the following dimensions of adaptive capacity: cognitive frames, learning capacity, resources, formal governance measures, organizational relationships, and agency.

World Heritage, Sustainable Development, and Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascall Taruvinga
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Local Levels

World Heritage and Sustainable Development are connecting, complex, and inseparable global concepts operating at the local levels of World Heritage sites in developing nations. World Heritage is defined as cultural and natural sites considered to have outstanding universal values (OUV) and are legally protected by international treaties, in this case the 1972 World Heritage Convention, which provide the criteria for inscribing such sites and for keeping them on the World Heritage List. World Heritage promotes conservation of such heritage for the benefit of humanity. Sustainable Development, however, refers to development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, and its implementation is largely directed by guidelines and principles endorsed by a broad range of stakeholders. Both concepts, World Heritage and Sustainable Development, have present and futuristic functionalities, but the former appears to be more emphasized than the latter in their application to heritage management. The present and futuristic functionalities of these two concepts constitute a complex but continuously evolving relationship that remains topical in the 21st century and beyond. As such, and in order to deepen our understanding the relationship between World Heritage and Sustainable Development, empirical analysis of their respective implementation at the local levels is a continuous process. Advancing the localization of World Heritage and Sustainable Development, including reducing theory into practice for the benefit of both conservation and the well-being of society, remains a mutually beneficiary process for both concepts. While conservation is premised on maintaining and retaining the significance of a heritage site, the well-being of society is driven by efforts toward meeting society’s diverse and growing needs on a daily basis. The balancing of World Heritage, Sustainable Development, conservation, and the well-being of society remains a contested but unavoidable engagement. All these aspects are still yet to find full acceptance and a localization matrix in the geo-socioeconomic and cultural contexts of Africa. Conservation and socioeconomic development for the well-being of society are viewed as issues that are as old as humanity itself. Both are embedded in the traditional management systems that guided protection of heritage and utilization of both renewable and nonrenewable resources available to communities in Africa. Therefore, these issues are a local phenomenon before becoming issues of global concern. While solutions from outside the context of these local phenomena may assist and bring good practices for World Heritage and Sustainable Development, they cannot be effective without being infused with local input and adaptation of local experiences to improve policy implementation. Understandably, the well-being of society has always been in existence and remains a priority; however, what is changing is the scale, diversity, and urgency of the needs of society due to multiple factors. Continuous research is required to find a balance between global processes and the local needs of society at World Heritage sites in Africa. The future of World Heritage in Africa lies in its adaptive ability to embrace continuously emerging local dynamics of sustainable development, offering alternative and creative solutions, embracing an inclusive stakeholder governance approach, and quantifying the contribution of heritage to development targets. World Heritage has to be part of a broader localized solution to local socioeconomic challenges in Africa.

scholarly journals ISSUES AND SOLUTIONS STUDY IN THE DAILY MONITORING OF THE SILK ROADS WORLD HERITAGE SITES

2021 ◽  
Vol XLVI-M-1-2021 ◽  
pp. 391-394
Author(s):  
E. Li
Keyword(s):  
Capital Investment ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Daily Monitoring ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Late Start ◽  
The Mind

Abstract. After the successful inscription into the World Heritage List, the daily monitoring of the Silk Roads heritage sites is facing a dilemma with late start and high predicament. The uneven development of the types of properties, the lack of enthusiasm for grass-roots managers and staff, and the blind dependence on hi-technology and notable equipments are the major obstacles to the current day-to-day monitoring efforts. At current stage, increasing capital investment and project funding,actively applying the project and research programs, paying attention to the long-term personnel training, enhancing the management and inspection are the important means to strengthen monitoring. The superior authorities should pay attention to strengthen the support of the projects and establish the accountability machanism. While the heritage management administrations need to continue to fully emancipate the mind on the basis of recognising the importance, optimise the existing mechanism, and undertake the daily monitoring work on its own or entrusting a professional company, organisation or institution. Moreover, they should strive to achieve a comprehensive and healthy development while complementing the shortcomings.

MILETO, C.; VEGAS, F.; CRISTINI, V. y GARCÍA, L. Architectural and Archaeological Heritage. Management and New Technologies (Vol. I) and Earthen Architecture and Heritage at Risk (Vol. II). Proceedings of the International Conference on Vernacular Architecture in World Heritage Sites. Risks and New Technologies – HERITAGE2020 (3DPast | Risk-Terra). Vol. I. Valencia, Copernicus Publications, 2020.

2020 ◽  
pp. 222-228
Author(s):  
María Lidón de Miguel ◽  
Alicia Hueto Escobar
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Vernacular Architecture ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías ◽  
Earthen Architecture

Las presentes actas son el resultado del congreso internacional “HERITAGE2020 (3Dpast | RISK-Terra), International Conference on Vernacular Architecture in Wordl Heritage Sites. Risks and New Technologies”, organizado por la Universitat Politècnica de València dentro del marco de dos proyectos de investigación. Por un lado, el proyecto “3D Past – Living and visiting European World Heritage” (2017-2020), financiado por la Unión Europea dentro del Programa Europa Creativa y liderado por la Escola Superior Gallaecia (Portugal) en colaboración con la Universitat Politècnica de Valènica (España) y la Università degli Studi di Firenze (Italia). El objetivo de este primer proyecto es promover la puesta en valor del patrimonio vernáculo de los Sitios Patrimonio Mundial habitados a través de las nuevas tecnologías. Por otro lado, el proyecto “RISK-Terra, Earthen architecture in the Iberian Peninsula: Study of natural, social and anthropic risks and strategies to improve resilience” (2019-2021), financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades Español y liderado por la Universitat Politècnica de València. El objetivo de este último proyecto es plantear el estudio científico de los riesgos naturales, sociales y antrópicos que afectan al patrimonio arquitectónico construido con tierra en España, tanto vernáculo como monumental, así como el análisis de los procesos de degradación y las dinámicas de transformación principales, para promover estrategias de conservación, intervención y rehabilitación que prevengan los posibles daños y aumenten su resiliencia.

Challenges to sustainability in prospective world heritage sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Kuzuoglu ◽  
Stella Kladou
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Outstanding Universal Value ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Relationship

Heritage cities often build on their cultural assets to develop as destinations. Yet, the assets communicated to visitors usually present only part of the picture. Heritage cities often tend to possess a significant cultural value that is hidden from the prying eyes. This value is not only exhibited as tangible assets, but the accumulation of knowledge and experience in the culture-laden milieu is also central to the notion of heritage (Falser, 2015). Such intangible elements have found their way into international discussions in recent years (Vecco, 2010). Heritage cities, as living spaces, also embrace a cultural heritage inseparable from local communities, and in a broader perspective, from the whole of humanity. This perspective is central to the creation of World Heritage Sites (WHSs) seeking to protect the world’s heritage with Outstanding Universal Value under the umbrella of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) (1972). In this process, however, the heritage assets inscribed as WHSs are nominated by national governments which, upon inscription, become the primary entity responsible for safeguarding their integrity. The primary motivation for this research is the centralized governance structure in developing countries and how this affects the potential to achieve sustainability through tourism development. Turkey is an example of such a centralized system in regard to tourism and heritage management (Yüksel et al., 2005) which includes the WHSs. In Turkey, WHSs are not only effective tools to aid foreign policy (Atakuman, 2010) but are also integral to culture-driven tourism strategy (Ozturk & van Niekerk, 2014). Despite inconclusive evidence in the literature on the relationship between proliferation of tourism and WHS status (Jimura, 2011; Poria et al., 2013), Turkey’s proactive relationship with UNESCO may be interpreted as reaffirming the perceived linkage between WHS status and visitation.

scholarly journals Conflict in World Heritage Sites of Kathmandu Valley: A Case Study on the Conservation of Private Houses in Three Durbar Squares

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monalisa Maharjan
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Local Residents

Conflict between heritage management authorities and the local residents has been critical to sustainable management of the World Heritage Sites (WHS) in Kathmandu Valley. This paper attempts to find out the reasons of such conflict by analyzing the facets of prevalent non-compliance of rules and regulations in Kathmandu Valley’s three World Heritage Sites: Hanuman Dhoka, Patan and Bhaktapur Durbar Squares. This is a qualitative analysis of perceptions, understanding and interests of the local people and the heritage management authorities. The paper also reviews the existing national and international policy provisions on conservation of WHS and makes special notes about the conservation of private houses in the WHS. Cases were selected using snow-ball sampling technique. Structured interviews were conducted with key informants including concerned government officials and the local residents. The findings include such reasons of non-compliance of WHS regulations as overlapping and unclear roles of multiple institutions involved in the management of the WHS, lack of public participation in decision making, inadequate economic incentives to locals, ineffective implementation of compliance mechanisms. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ntdr.v2i1.7381 Nepal Tourism and Development Review Vol.2(1) 2012 87-104

scholarly journals , Tourism and the UN Sustainable Development : The Case of Croatia

2021 ◽  
pp. 341-358
Author(s):  
Željka Kordej-De Villa ◽  
Ivan Šulc
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Tourism Impacts ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Sites ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
World Heritage List

AbstractThe chapter analyses the quality of managing cultural heritage sites in Croatia, particularly those inscribed to the UNESCO World Heritage List, which are under growing pressure of overtourism. The analysis was performed by using qualitative and quantitative data on visitors of the UNESCO heritage and the most important impacts of tourism on destination areas, compared to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) focused on tourism and heritage. The study investigates the state of safeguarding, protecting and valorizing cultural heritage in relevant documents and in practice, focusing on Dubrovnik as a case study area. The analysis revealed the insufficient plans for managing UNESCO World Heritage Sites in relevant documents and in the field, as well as lack of monitoring of tourism impacts. The selected cases in Croatia confirmed that the most common way for heritage valorization is within the framework of tourism (McKercher and du Cros, Cultural tourism. The partnership between tourism and cultural heritage management, Routledge, New York/London, 2009), where heritage is most often associated with sustainable tourism. However, desirable regenerative tourism, that repairs the harm that has already been done, is still far from the present situation and it will require much effort in its planning, designing tools for its implementation and its management to achieve it in the near future.

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