Pythium intermedium. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium intermedium. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a wide range of hosts represented by the following families: Begoniaceae, Bromeliaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Coniferae, Cruciferae, Euphorbiaceae, Geraniaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae, Liliaceae, Linaceae, Moraceae, Onagraceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae, Ulmaceae, Violaceae; also in the Equisetales and Filicales. DISEASES: Damping-off of seedlings, foot rot and root rot of ornamentals, occasionally of crop plants and trees. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (China); Australia & Oceania (Hawaii); Europe (England, Belgium, France, Germany, Holland, Sweden, U.S.S.R.); North America (U.S.A.); South America (Argentina). TRANSMISSION: A common soil inhabitant.

Cylindrocladium scoparium. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Seedling Root

Abstract A description is provided for Cylindrocladium scoparium. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A very wide host range, mainly of woody plants, including conifers, but also extending to beet, strawberry and watermelon. Particularly notable as a pathogen of young eucalyptus and pine. DISEASE: Damping-off, seedling root-rot, seedling blight. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide, including North America (USA, Canada), South America (Brazil, Argentina), West Indies (Jamaica), Australia and New Zealand, Asia (India, Japan, Malaysia), Africa. TRANSMISSION: By microsclerotia and infected debris in the soil and by airborne, splash-dispersed conidia.

Pythium spinosum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium spinosum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASES: Seedling damping-off. HOSTS: Wide range of plant hosts. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: South Africa. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA (Florida, Hawaii, Iowa). SOUTH AMERICA: Argentina. ASIA: China (Zhejiang), India, Japan, Korea, Taiwan. AUSTRALASIA: Australia (Queensland), New Zealand. EUROPE: France, Germany, Great Britain, Italy, Netherlands. TRANSMISSION: Contaminated soil, organic matter (oospores) and water (sporangia).

Ustilago hypodytes. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Root System ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Meristematic Tissue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vegetative Multiplication ◽  
Established Infection

Abstract A description is provided for Ustilago hypodytes. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A wide range of grasses, including species of Agropyron (many), Ammophila, Brachypodium, Bromus, Calamagrostis, Diplachne, Distichlis, Elymus (many), Festuca, Glyceria, Hilaria, Hordeum, Haynaldia, Lygeum, Melica, Orysopsis, Panicum, Phalaris, Phleum, Poa (many), Puccinellia, Secale, Sitanion, Sporobolus, Stipa (many), and Trisetum. DISEASE: Stem smut of grasses. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Chiefly a temperate species found in Europe (including Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, USSR, Yugoslavia) and North America (Canada, USA) and extending to central and South America (Argentina, Peru, Uruguay), N. Africa (Libya, Morocco, Tunisia), Japan, Australia and New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: Not fully understood, though inoculation experiments have demonstrated that infection occurs in mature vegetative plants (possibly through meristematic tissue), not seeds or flowers (22, 240; 24, 511). Once established, infection is systemic, probably overwintering in the root system and spreading by vegetative multiplication of host plants as well as from plant to plant (24, 511; 19, 720).

Parlatoria oleae. [Distribution map].

1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Stone Fruits ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Parlatoria oleae (Colv.) (Homopt, Coccoidea) (Olive Scale). Hosts: Wide range of trees and shrubs, notably olives, apple, pear and stone fruits. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Bulgaria, France, Greece, Italy, Lipari Islands, Sardinia, Spain, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), Afghanistan, Cyprus, India, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kashmir, Lebanon, Pakistan, Persia, Syria, Turkey, USSR, AFRICA, Algeria, Canary Islands, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, NORTH AMERICA, U.S.A., SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Brazil.

Fusarium flocciferum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brayford
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Infected Plant ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Root Tuber ◽  
Cultivated Mushroom

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium flocciferum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Isolated from soil. Also occurs on the roots of a wide range of plants, including temperate cereals (Hordeum, Triticum), legumes (Lupinus, Pisum, Vicia), cucurbits (Cucumis sativus), and others such as carrot (Daucus carota) and beet (Beta vulgaris); sometimes occurs in association with nematodes. DISEASE: Not regarded as an aggressive pathogen, but in association with nematodes may cause root lesions, damping-off, root, tuber or bulb rots. Reported to cause disorders of cultivated mushroom beds. Occasionally causes skin infections of animals (one IMI record from crocodile's tail). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread but infrequent, apparently more common in temperate regions. Reported from Asia: Bhutan, China, India, Iran, Turkey; Australasia: New Zealand; Europe: Denmark, Germany, The Netherlands, Poland, Turkey (W), UK; North America: Canada, USA. TRANSMISSION: Conidia are dispersed locally by water flow and splash droplets. Chlamydospores may be transported by movement of soil or infected plant debris. It may also be seed-borne (71, 1568).

Hypoderma rubi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The One

Abstract A description is provided for Hypoderma rubi. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: This species has been reported on leaves, petioles and twigs of a wide range of woody plants, mostly dicotyledons, but even including one species of conifer. The principal host, however, and the one on which it is most commonly collected, is Rubus. DISEASE: Hypoderma rubi usually fruits only after the apparently normal senescence and death of the host plant, but on Rubus idaeus and related species ascocarp initials are occasionally found developing on current year's living floricanes in pale spots surrounding the point of peduncle attachment. The fruit on affected panicles is frequently then aborted, and it has been surmised that in these cases the fungus enters the biennial cane at the end of the first season through the petioles of senescent deciduous leaves. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Widespread in Europe and North America, apparently also occurring in temperate South America and Asia. TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet or humid weather.

Aphanomyces cladogamus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Viola Tricolor

Abstract A description is provided for Aphanomyces cladogamus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Capsicum sp., Lactuca saliva, Linum sp., Lycopersicon esculenteum, Raphanus sativus, Solanum melongena, Spinacea oleracea, Viola tricolor. DISEASE: Root rot of pepper, spinach, pansy, tomato and several other crop and garden plants. The fungus, a facultatively necrotrophic plant pathogen, attacks seeds (pre-emergence disease) and/or seedlings (post-emergence damping off). Affected plants develop a generalized wilt which becomes progressively more severe. In pepper, seeds are attacked and black lesions develop on hypocotyls of the surviving seedlings, often extending to the bases of the cotyledons (32, 360). In spinach, roots become covered in yellow to orange spots their tissues becoming soft and water-soaked. In pansies, the vascular cylinder develops a deep orange-reddish discoloration in which, in the early stages of infection, numerous oospores can be seen. Stem bases become extensively rotted and eventually the aerial organs collapse and shrivel (13, 379; 34, 370). In tomato plants, rootlet tips become discoloured and die back (6, 517). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe: Sweden. North America: Canada (Ontario), USA (MD, NC, NJ, VA, WA, WI). See CMI Distribution Maps of Plants Diseases 601. TRANSMISSION: Not reported. Presumably by zoospores and oogonia remaining in infected tissues. As the fungus appears to infect a wide range of plants, it may persist in the roots of weeds.

Phytophthora drechsleri. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jean Stamps
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South America ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Root Rots ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Weed Hosts ◽  
Phytophthora Drechsleri ◽  
Tuber Rot

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora drechsleri. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A wide range including potato, tomato, lucerne, members of the Cucurbitaceae, safflower, ornamentals and trees. DISEASE: Tuber rot of potato, various root rots, damping-off, soft rots, bark canker of Albizzia. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Egypt, Madagascar, Zimbabwe), Asia (Iran, Japan, Lebanon, Malaysia), Australasia (Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea), Europe (France, Greece, UK), North America (Canada, Mexico, USA), South America (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia) (CMI Map 281, ed. 3, 1979). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, affected by irrigation (47, 592). Survival of the safflower pathogen on weed hosts (53, 1907).

Pythium arrhenomanes. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Pythium Arrhenomanes

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium arrhenomanes. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On over 30 genera in the Gramineae. DISEASE: Seedling blight, pre-emergence rotting and root rot of maize, wheat, sugarcane and other Gramineae. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Bechuanaland, Mauritius); Asia (Philippines); Australasia & Oceania (Hawaii); Europe (Italy, U.S.S.R.); North America (Canada, U.S.A.); South America (Brazil). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne.

Phytophthora palmivora. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Stamps
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Black Stripe ◽  
Root Rots ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Black Pod ◽  
Rain Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora palmivora. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A wide range; 138 species of economic, ornamental, shade and hedge plants were listed (48, 337-344). DISEASE: Black pod and canker of cacao; patch canker, black stripe and leaf fall of Hevea rubber; bud rot of coconut and other palms; fruit and stem rot of pawpaw; root rots and damping-off of seedlings. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide in tropical and warm temperature regions with high rainfall. TRANSMISSION: In cacao by direct contact between diseased and healthy pods, by rain splash from diseased pods, leaves and infested soil, and by insect vectors and ant tents. In rubber by rain. Soil as a source of inoculum for pawpaw root rot.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document