Aphanomyces cladogamus. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Viola Tricolor

Abstract A description is provided for Aphanomyces cladogamus. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Capsicum sp., Lactuca saliva, Linum sp., Lycopersicon esculenteum, Raphanus sativus, Solanum melongena, Spinacea oleracea, Viola tricolor. DISEASE: Root rot of pepper, spinach, pansy, tomato and several other crop and garden plants. The fungus, a facultatively necrotrophic plant pathogen, attacks seeds (pre-emergence disease) and/or seedlings (post-emergence damping off). Affected plants develop a generalized wilt which becomes progressively more severe. In pepper, seeds are attacked and black lesions develop on hypocotyls of the surviving seedlings, often extending to the bases of the cotyledons (32, 360). In spinach, roots become covered in yellow to orange spots their tissues becoming soft and water-soaked. In pansies, the vascular cylinder develops a deep orange-reddish discoloration in which, in the early stages of infection, numerous oospores can be seen. Stem bases become extensively rotted and eventually the aerial organs collapse and shrivel (13, 379; 34, 370). In tomato plants, rootlet tips become discoloured and die back (6, 517). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe: Sweden. North America: Canada (Ontario), USA (MD, NC, NJ, VA, WA, WI). See CMI Distribution Maps of Plants Diseases 601. TRANSMISSION: Not reported. Presumably by zoospores and oogonia remaining in infected tissues. As the fungus appears to infect a wide range of plants, it may persist in the roots of weeds.

Pythium intermedium. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium intermedium. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a wide range of hosts represented by the following families: Begoniaceae, Bromeliaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Coniferae, Cruciferae, Euphorbiaceae, Geraniaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae, Liliaceae, Linaceae, Moraceae, Onagraceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae, Ulmaceae, Violaceae; also in the Equisetales and Filicales. DISEASES: Damping-off of seedlings, foot rot and root rot of ornamentals, occasionally of crop plants and trees. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (China); Australia & Oceania (Hawaii); Europe (England, Belgium, France, Germany, Holland, Sweden, U.S.S.R.); North America (U.S.A.); South America (Argentina). TRANSMISSION: A common soil inhabitant.

Phytophthora palmivora. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Stamps
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Phytophthora Palmivora ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Black Stripe ◽  
Root Rots ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Black Pod ◽  
Rain Splash

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora palmivora. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A wide range; 138 species of economic, ornamental, shade and hedge plants were listed (48, 337-344). DISEASE: Black pod and canker of cacao; patch canker, black stripe and leaf fall of Hevea rubber; bud rot of coconut and other palms; fruit and stem rot of pawpaw; root rots and damping-off of seedlings. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide in tropical and warm temperature regions with high rainfall. TRANSMISSION: In cacao by direct contact between diseased and healthy pods, by rain splash from diseased pods, leaves and infested soil, and by insect vectors and ant tents. In rubber by rain. Soil as a source of inoculum for pawpaw root rot.

Pythium dissotocum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Parthenium Argentatum ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea ◽  
Pythium Dissotocum ◽  
Pilea Pumila

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium dissotocum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASES: Root-rot, seedling damping-off; necrotrophic or parasitic on fishes. HOSTS: Daucus carota (Apiaceae); Lactuca sativa, Parthenium argentatum (Asteraceae); Beta vulgaris, Spinacea oleracea (Chenopodiaceae); Cucumis sativus (Cucurbitaceae); Kummerowia stipulacea, Lupinus digitatus, L. polyphyllus, Medicago sativa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Vicia faba (Fabaceae); Pelargonium cv. (Geraniaceae); Hydrilla verticillata (Hydrocharitaceae); Iris sp. (Iridaceae); Garya illinoensis (Juglandaceae); Hyacinthus cv., Tulipa cv. (Liliaceae s.l.); Papaver somniferum (Papaveraceae); Oryza sativa, Saccharum officinarum, Triticum aestivum (Poaceae); Fragaria × ananassa, F. vesca, Prunus persica (Rosaceae); Citrus nobilis (Rutaceae); Capsicum annuum, Lycopersicon esculentum (Solanaceae); Pilea pumila (Urticaceae). Neogobius fluviatilis, Neogobius gymnotrachelus, Perccottus glenii, Pseudorasbora parva (Pisces). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: South Africa. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA (Arizona, Colorado, Louisiana, Missouri, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin). ASIA: China, India, Indonesia (Sabah), Japan, Korea, Lebanon, Russia. AUSTRALASIA: Australia (Queensland). EUROPE: Great Britain, Iceland, Netherlands. TRANSMISSION: Contaminated soil, organic matter (oospores) and water (sporangia).

Pythium mamillatum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Citrullus Vulgaris ◽  
Viola Tricolor

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium mamillatum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Ageratum houstonianum, Agrostis stotonifera, Allium cepa, Ananas comosus, Antirrhinum majus, Aquilegia caerulea, Avena sativa, Beta vulgaris, Brassica nigra, B. oleracea, Citrullus vulgaris, Collinsia bicolor, Cucumis sativus, Festuca duriuscula, Geum chiloense, Gossypium sp., Linum usitatissimum, Medicago sativa, Papaver somniferum, Pelargonium spp., Pisum sativum, Saccharum officinarum, Triticum aestivum, Viola tricolor and in soil. Also on algae (Cladophora sp., Glorocapsa sp.) on inoculation. DISEASE: Causes damping-off of seedlings and root rot of various hosts including the following crops, cauliflower, cotton, cocumber, flax, lucerne, mustard, oats, onion, pineapple, sugar beet, sugarcane and wheat. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Central African Republic); Australasia & Oceania (Australia, Hawaii); Europe (Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Sweden); North America (U.S.A.). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne. Abundant in sandy nursery soils (44, 52). The pathogen has a restricted role as a pioneer colonizer of cultivated soil, surviving in organic matter as hyphal resting bodies (Barton, 1961). Oospore germination in response to exudates from living seedlings has also been demonstrated (Barton, 1957).

Pythium heterothallicum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Central America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Malus Pumila ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Spinacea Oleracea

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium heterothallicum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASES: Seedling damping-off. HOSTS: Sambucus sp. (Caprifoliaceae); Spinacea oleracea (Chenopodiaceae); Lens culinaris (Fabaceae); Pelargonium cv. (Geraniaceae); Triticum aestivum (Poaceae); Malus domestica[Malus pumila] (Rosaceae). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Kenya. NORTH AMERICA: Canada, USA (Idaho, Washington). CENTRAL AMERICA: Costa Rica. AUSTRALASIA: New Zealand. EUROPE: Czech Republic, Germany, Great Britain, Netherlands, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sweden. TRANSMISSION: Contaminated soil, organic matter (oospores) and water (sporangia).

Pythium aphanidermatum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Pythium Aphanidermatum ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Southern Rhodesia

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium aphanidermatum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a wide range of hosts, often similar to those attacked by P. butleri, but inducing different symptoms, represented in the following families: Amaranthaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Araceae, Basellaceae, Bromeliaceae, Cactaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Coniferae, Convolvulaceae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae, Linaceae, Malvaceae, Moraceae, Passifloraceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae, Umbelliferae, Violaceae, Vitaceae, Zingiberaceae. DISEASES: Damping-off of various seedlings; 'cottony-leak' of cucurbit fruit in storage; 'cottony blight' of turf grasses; root and stalk rot of maize. Other hosts: tobacco, sugar-beet, sugar-cane, papaw, pineapple, ginger, bean and cotton. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Central African Republic, Fernando, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Southern Rhodesia, Sudan, Togo, Zambia); Asia (Ceylon, China, Formosa, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Java, Malaya, Philippines, Sumatra); Australasia & Oceania (Australia, Hawaii, New Caledonia); North America (Canada, Mexico); Central America & West Indies (Antilles, Jamaica, Puerto Rico); South America (Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Venezuela); Europe Austria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Great Britain, Greece, Holland, Italy, Poland, U.S.S.R., Yugoslavia). (CMI Map 309) TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne. Eggplant fruit become infected when blossom end is in contact with soil (5: 465). Readily isolated from soil using fresh potato cubes treated with streptomycin and pimaricin as baits (43, 1519; 43, 46) or seedling papaw roots in soil containing papaw tissue (43, 1720). Also recorded as seed-borne on tomato and cucurbits but doubtful whether seed-transmitted (see Noble et al., An Annotated List of Seed-Borne Diseases, 1958, pp. 23, 25, 124).

Calonectria scoparia. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Crous
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Araucaria Heterophylla ◽  
Splash Dispersal ◽  
Shoot Blight ◽  
Stem Cankers

Abstract A description is provided for Calonectria scoparia. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Acacia spp. (68, 1566), Araucaria heterophylla, Eucalyptus spp., Fragaria sp., Luma sp., Medicago sativa, M. truncatula, Persea americana, Pinus spp., Pisum sativum, Rhododendron spp., Prunus sp., Syncarpia gummifera. DISEASE: Damping off, root rot, cutting rot, stem cankers, leaf spotting, seedling and shoot blight. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Brazil, India, Kenya, Mauritius, South Africa. TRANSMISSION: Wind and splash dispersal.

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brayford
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Capsicum Frutescens ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Arachis Hypogea ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Fungus Gnats ◽  
Crown And Root Rot

Abstract A description is provided for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Lycopersicon spp., including L. esculentum Mill. (tomato). Plants from several families may also be susceptible to some strains, in particular Capsicum frutescens L., Solanum melongena L. (Solanaceae), Arachis hypogea L., Astragalus glycyphyllos L., Glycine max (L.) Merr., Phaseolus vulgaris L., Pisum sativum L., Trifolium spp., Vicia faba L., (Leguminosae), Cucumis spp. (Cucurbitaceae), Beta vulgaris L. and Spinacia oleracea L. (Chenopodiaceae) (Jarvis & Shoemaker, 1978; 69, 7094; 73, 7659). DISEASE: Crown and root rot. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Crete, France, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Spain, Sweden, The Netherlands, UK, USA. TRANSMISSION: Long range dissemination is via contaminated seed (73, 5786), diseased planting material (70, 1472) and by movement of infected soil/compost (64, 2160). Locally, conidia are readily spread by water flow, e.g. in irrigation or hydroponic systems (71, 4871, 4872, 6378). Some airborne dispersal of microconidia has been detected in glasshouses (Rowe et al., 1977), presumably resulting from splash droplet formation following sporulation on nearby plant debris. Fungus gnats have been reported to transport the fungus (73, 5534).

Phytophthora cryptogea. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Jean Stamps
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Phytophthora Cryptogea ◽  
Root Rots ◽  
Pink Rot ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tulip Bulbs ◽  
Leaf Rot

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora cryptogea. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a wide range of glasshouse and field crops. Tomato, ornamentals (including petunia, aster, chrysanthemum, Tagetes, tulip, wallflower, Gerbera, gloxinia, Matthiola, Papaver, cineraria, dahlia, Gypsophila, Hebe, Rhododendron, Osteospermum, zinnia), potato, chicory, spinach, bean, onion, cucurbits, eggplant, hop, sunflower, safflower, lucerne, Cupressus, Chamaecyparis, chestnut and others. DISEASE: Damping-off and foot rot of tomato; foot rots of aster, Matthiola and Gerbera; black neck of chrysanthemum; tulip shanking; corm, stem and leaf rot of gloxinia; crown rot of Iceland poppy; pink rot of potato; sunflower stem rot; chestnut wilt; damping-off, root rots and wilts of many other hosts. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (UK, Irish Republic, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Netherlands); Africa (Egypt, Rhodesia); Asia (Iran); Australia; New Zealand; N. America (Canada, USA). (CMI Map 99, ed. 4, 1976). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, persisting for several years (6, 669). Tulip bulbs were invaded from the soil (18, 183). Movement of zoospores was studied (56, 1029). Isolates were obtained from glasshouse water supplies (1, 94). There was a high frequency of recovery on baiting irrigation water in Victoria (57, 2174).

Pythium deliense. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Hibiscus Esculentus

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium deliense. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On Hibiscus esculentus, Lycopersicon esculentum, Nicotiana tabacum and Saccharum officinarum. Also on Capsicum annuum, Carica papaya, Cucumis sativus, Cucurbita pepo, Datura fastuosa, Petunia sp. and Solanum melongena on inoculation (Rangaswami, 1959; Herb. IMI). DISEASE: Causing damping-off of tomato seedlings, stem-burn of tobacco and fruit rot of okra. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (Indonesia, Sumatra) and Australasia & Oceania (Australia, New Guinea, Papua); North America (? United States); Central America & West Indies (? N˜caragua). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document