Ceratocystis fimbriata. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Morgan-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Field Mouse ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Branch Canker

Abstract A description is provided for Ceratocystis fimbriata. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a variety of hosts but particularly frequent on Cocos nucifera, Coffea spp., Hevea spp., Ipomoea batatas, Prunus spp. and Theobroma cacao. Other hosts include Cassia fistula, Crotalaria juncea, C. retusa, Gliricidia septum, Mangifera indica, Pimenta officinalis, Platanus officinalis, P. alba, Populus tremuloides, Quercus spp. DISEASES: Black rot of sweet potato; mouldy rot of rubber, blue rot and wilt of cacao, trunk and branch canker of coffee, also of prune, apricot, almond and plane; blight of mango; canker and wilt of pimento. DISTRIBUTION: World-wide (CMI Map 91, ed. 3, 1965). TRANSMISSION: Wind is an important agent of spread (41: 377) and also rain by distribution of excrement of insects bearing propagules of the fungus. The following have been reported as vectors Hypothenemus plumeriae, Melanotus caudex (wireworm), Platypus spp., Steirastoma brevis, Xyleborus spp. and the field mouse (35: 227). Transmission has been demonstrated experimentally by a number of other vectors (42: 496).

scholarly journals Detecção rápida de Ceratocystis fimbriata em lenho infetado de eucalipto, mangueira e outros hospedeiros lenhosos

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco A Ferreira ◽  
Luis A Maffia ◽  
Evander A Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Lasiodiplodia Theobromae

Desenvolveu-se uma técnica de detecção rápida de Ceratocystis fimbriata em lenho de eucalipto (Eucalyptus spp.) infetado, visualizando-se clamidósporos (aleuroconídios) ao microscópio ótico comum, em vasos do xilema, medula e raios medulares, a partir de cortes histopatológicos à mão livre, feitos com lâmina de barbear, ao microscópio estereoscópico. O tempo médio gasto para a detecção do patógeno, do corte histopatológico tangencial à total visualização dos clamidósporos ao microscópio ótico comum, foi de 3,5 min e bem menos utilizando-se corte longitudinal passando pela medula, contra, no mínimo, quatro a cinco dias, usando-se outras técnicas como o isolamento em BDA, deposição de fragmentos de lenho doente entre fatias de cenoura usadas como isca, ou pedaços de lenhos doentes deixados em câmara úmida. Essa técnica histopatológica é também viável para a detecção do patógeno em outros hospedeiros lenhosos e, inclusive, para a detecção de hifas de Lasiodiplodia theobromae, mesmo quando esses dois fungos estavam num mesmo tecido, como na doença-complexo seca de mangueira investigada no Sultanato de Omã. Além de eucalipto, mangueira (Mangifera indica) e cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao) é provável que essa técnica possa ser estendida para outros hospedeiros lenhosos de C. fimbriata.

scholarly journals Natural Products as Sources of Antimalarial Drugs: Ethnobotanical and Ethnopharmacological Studies

Scientifica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Oluwole Solomon Oladeji ◽  
Abimbola Peter Oluyori ◽  
Deborah Temitope Bankole ◽  
Tokunbo Yemisi Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Helianthus Annuus ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Cassia Fistula ◽  
Medicinal Species

Ethnopharmacological Relevance. Malaria is one of the lethal diseases of man, contributing to about 17 million deaths annually, leading to sociocultural, economic, and health influences. Aim of the Study. The study explores the ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological appraisal of antimalarial plants used by people of Omu Aran, Ogbomoso, Ado Ekiti, and Sagamu communities in Nigeria. Materials and Methods. For this study, relevant information was procured from the inhabitants via a structured questionnaire to procure the general knowledge of antimalarial medicinal plants. Results and Discussion. A total of 90 interviewees (44 men and 46 women) were involved in this survey. A total of 59 medicinal species were identified, which were dispersed in 33 families (Asteraceae (6), Apocynaceae (5), Anacardiaceae, Annonaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Meliaceae, Poaceae, and Rubiaceae (3 each), Phyllanthaceae (2)) totaling 49% of the cited species. The most cited plants are Azadirachta indica (42), Mangifera indica (38), Carica papaya (28), Cymbopogon citratus (27), Cassia fistula (15), Morinda lucida (14), Anacardium occidentale and Vernonia amygdalina (13 each), Helianthus annuus (11), Enantia chlorantha (10), and Moringa oleifera (9) A total of 105 citations were recorded for the plant parts used (leaf (46), bark (17), fruits (9), root (9), latex (11), stem (11), and inflorescence (2)) while decoction (59%), maceration (25%), infusion (9%), and exudation (7%) were the methods of preparation. Use Values (UVs) of 0.47 to 0.11 were recorded for the frequently used antimalarial plants. The Efficiency Levels (ELs) of 11 different medicinal plants stated by the respondents were Azadirachta indica, Cassia fistula and Morinda lucida (12), Chromolaena odorata (10), Mangifera indica, Enantia chlorantha and Helianthus annuus (8), Cymbopogon citratus (7), Gossypium arboretum (4), Landolphia dulcis (3), and Aloe vera (2) Cocos nucifera, Curcuma longa, Forkia biglobosa, and Musa acuminate are mentioned for the first time in the study area with little or no reported antiplasmodial activities. Conclusion. The study appraised the commonly used antimalarial plants in the study areas. Therefore, commitment to scientifically explore the bioactive compounds, antimalarial potential and toxicological profile of these plants is inevitable as they could lead to novel natural products for effective malaria therapy.

scholarly journals Ação do fungo Ceratocystis fimbriata Ell. & Halst., isolado de diversos hospedeiros, sobre mudas de cacaueiro

Bragantia ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fausto Joaquim Coral ◽  
Odair Alves Bovi ◽  
Ivan Jose Antunes Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Theobroma Cacao L

Em condições de casa de vegetação, foi verificada a patogenicidade de diferentes cepas de Ceratocystis fimbriata Ell. & Halst. sobre mudas de cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao L.). As cepas foram obtidas dos seguintes hospedeiros: Cajanus cajans L.; Acacia decurrens Willd; Crotalaria juncea L., e Mangifera indica L. Os cultivares de cacaueiro utilizados foram os seguintes: SCA 6 x ICS 8; SCA 6 x UF 667; SCA 12 x UF 677; SCA 12 x UF 667; IMC 67 x UF 668; ICS 45 x SCA 6; ICS 45 x SCA 12; ICS 95 x SCA 12 e UF 677 x SCA 6. Após 120 dias de observações, verificou-se que nenhuma das cepas de Ceratocystis inoculadas causou qualquer tipo de sintomas nas plantas de cacaueiro.

scholarly journals Cassia renigera Wall.: novo hospedeiro de Ceratocystis fimbriata Ell. & Halst.

Bragantia ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan José Antunes Ribeiro ◽  
Margarida Fumiko Ito ◽  
Carlos Jorge Rossetto
Keyword(s):  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Cassia Renigera

Ceratocystis fimbriata foi descrito pela primeira vez em 1984, causando murcha em plantas de Cassia renigera, em Campinas (SP). Foram realizadas inoculações cruzadas com dois isolados de C. fimbriata obtidos de Cassia renigera e mangueira (Mangifera indica) em plantas de: acácia-negra (Acacia decurrens), cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao), crotalária (Crotalaria juncea), feijão-guandu (Cajanus cajan), figueira (Ficus carica), gamelina (Gmelina arborea), mangueira (Mangifera indica), seringueira (Hevea brasilienses), Cassia sp., C. carnaval, C. ferruginea, C. grandis, C. moschata, C. multijuga, C. nodosa, C. renigera, C. siamea e C. speciosa. Os dois isolados do fungo foram patogênicos a todas as plantas testadas, com exceção de cacaueiro, gamelina e C. grandis.

scholarly journals Species or Genotypes? Reassessment of Four Recently Described Species of the Ceratocystis Wilt Pathogen, Ceratocystis fimbriata, on Mangifera indica

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. 1229-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo S. S. Oliveira ◽  
Thomas C. Harrington ◽  
Maria A. Ferreira ◽  
Michelle B. Damacena ◽  
Abdullah M. Al-Sadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Ceratocystis Wilt ◽  
Nursery Stock ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequences ◽  
Mating Type Genes

Ceratocystis wilt is among the most important diseases on mango (Mangifera indica) in Brazil, Oman, and Pakistan. The causal agent was originally identified in Brazil as Ceratocystis fimbriata, which is considered by some as a complex of many cryptic species, and four new species on mango trees were distinguished from C. fimbriata based on variation in internal transcribed spacer sequences. In the present study, phylogenetic analyses using DNA sequences of mating type genes, TEF-1α, and β-tubulin failed to identify lineages corresponding to the four new species names. Further, mating experiments found that the mango isolates representing the new species were interfertile with each other and a tester strain from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), on which the name C. fimbriata is based, and there was little morphological variation among the mango isolates. Microsatellite markers found substantial differentiation among mango isolates at the regional and population levels, but certain microsatellite genotypes were commonly found in multiple populations, suggesting that these genotypes had been disseminated in infected nursery stock. The most common microsatellite genotypes corresponded to the four recently named species (C. manginecans, C. acaciivora, C. mangicola, and C. mangivora), which are considered synonyms of C. fimbriata. This study points to the potential problems of naming new species based on introduced genotypes of a pathogen, the value of an understanding of natural variation within and among populations, and the importance of phenotype in delimiting species.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Host Specialization in the Latin American Clade of Ceratocystis fimbriata

2003 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 1274-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine J. Baker ◽  
Thomas C. Harrington ◽  
Ulrike Krauss ◽  
Acelino C. Alfenas
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
American Clade

The Ceratocystis fimbriata complex includes many undescribed species that cause wilt and canker diseases of many economically important plants. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences have delineated three geographic clades within Ceratocystis fimbriata. This study examined host specialization in the Latin American clade, in which a number of lineages were identified using sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA. Three host-associated lineages were identified from cacao (Theobroma cacao), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), and sycamore (Platanus spp.), respectively. Isolates from these three lineages showed strong host specialization in reciprocal inoculation experiments on these three hosts. Six cacao isolates from Ecuador, Trinidad, and Columbia differed genetically from other cacao isolates and were not pathogenic to cacao in inoculation tests. Further evidence of host specialization within the Latin American clade of Ceratocystis fimbriata was demonstrated in inoculation experiments in growth chambers using sweet potato, sycamore, Colocasia esculenta, coffee (Coffea arabica), and mango (Mangifera indica) plants; inoculation experiments in Brazil using Brazilian isolates from cacao, Eucalyptus spp., mango, and Gmelina arborea; and inoculation experiments in Costa Rica using Costa Rican isolates from cacao, coffee, and Xantho-soma sp. Hosts native to the Americas appeared to be colonized by only select pathogen genotypes, whereas nonnative hosts were colonized by several genotypes. We hypothesize that local populations of Ceratocystis fimbriata have specialized to different hosts; some of these populations are nascent species, and some host-specialized genotypes have been moved to new areas by humans.

scholarly journals Black Rot of Sweetpotato: A Comprehensive Diagnostic Guide

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison N. Stahr ◽  
Lina M. Quesada-Ocampo
Keyword(s):  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Morning Glory ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Pathogenicity Testing ◽  
Slow Growing

Black rot of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) has been considered one of the most historically devastating diseases of the crop. The pathogen, Ceratocystis fimbriata (Ellis and Halst), is able to infect a variety of hosts including morning glory (Ipomoea sp.), coffee (Coffea sp.), and mango (Mangifera indica) over a wide geographic range. The slow-growing nature of the pathogen can lead to difficulty in isolating and maintaining cultures of the fungus. Thus, the objective for this diagnostic guide is to provide information about effective techniques for pathogen isolation, identification, storage, and pathogenicity testing as well as describe the host and geographic range, taxonomy, and disease in sweetpotato.

Diseases of the kumara crop

2009 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 402-402
Author(s):  
S.L. Lewthwaite ◽  
P.J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Ceratocystis Fimbriata ◽  
Pink Rot

The predominant diseases of the commercial kumara (Ipomoea batatas) or sweetpotato crop are caused by fungal pathogens The field disease pink rot results from infection by the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lesions form on vines but may spread down stems to the roots The widespread nature of this disease in sweetpotato appears peculiar to New Zealand Scurf is a disease caused by Monilochaetes infuscans which occurs in the field but may proliferate amongst stored roots The disease causes a superficial discolouration of the root surface which is mainly cosmetic but can also increase root water loss in storage Infection by Ceratocystis fimbriata produces a disease known as black rot The disease can be transmitted amongst plants at propagation but is particularly rampant amongst roots in storage This disease is readily transmitted and can cause severe economic loss Fusarium oxysporum causes surface rots in stored roots characterised by light to dark brown lesions that tend to be firm dry and superficial The lesions may be circular and centred on wounds caused by insects or mechanical damage at harvest Soft rot caused by Rhizopus stolonifer generally occurs in roots after they are washed and prepared for the market Fungal infection occurs through wounds or bruised tissue producing distinctive tufts of white fungal strands and black spores

Rhizopus stolonifer. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1966 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Sarbhoy
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Fruit Flies ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Artocarpus Integrifolia

Abstract A description is provided for Rhizopus stolonifer. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On fruits: papaya, plum, strawberry, sweet potato, cotton, groundnuts and in rhizosphere soil of various plants, soil and decaying leaves. DISEASE: Causing fruit rot of plum, Jak fruit (Artocarpus integrifolia[Artocarpus integer]), strawberry ('leak'), peach and a rot of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) and cotton bolls. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: World-wide. TRANSMISSION: Air-borne and also by fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster, associated with decaying fruit (RAM 43, 576).

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