Synchytrium lagenariae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Water Films ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
Local Dispersal

Abstract A description is provided for Synchytrium lagenariae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Cucurbitaceae (Cephalandra spp., Citrullus spp., Cucumis spp., Cucurbita spp., Lagenaria spp., Luffa spp., Trichosarthis spp.). DISEASE: Gall disease of cucurbits. Galls develop on stems, leaves, petioles, tendrils, inflorescences and fruits of host plants. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (India). TRANSMISSION: Resting spores may be dispersed by movement of infected soil and local dispersal by zoospores swimming in water films may also occur.

Synchytrium endobioticum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Wart Disease ◽  
Synchytrium Endobioticum ◽  
Potato Wart Disease ◽  
Water Films ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
America South ◽  
Local Dispersal

Abstract A description is provided for Synchytrium endobioticum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Solanaceae (potato, Solanum tuberosum). Other plants infected experimentally include several species of Solanum (Karling, 1964), Petunia and Nicotiana spp. (53, 4566), Lycopersicon esculentum, Physalis and Capsicastrum spp. (59, 416). DISEASE: Potato wart disease, causing dark brown warty cauliflower-like excrescences of infected tubers, which decay to release golden-brown resting spores. On aerial shoots green galls may develop, composed of convoluted masses of tissue. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America (CMI Map 1, ed. 5, 1972). TRANSMISSION: By the movement of infected soil or plant tissues. Local dispersal by zoospores swimming in water films may also occur.

Synchytrium macrosporum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Walker
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Vigna Sinensis ◽  
Water Films ◽  
Torilis Japonica ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
Ammi Majus ◽  
Local Dispersal

Abstract A description is provided for Synchytrium macrosporum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Karling (1964) lists the following hosts: Amaranthus berlandia, Ambrosia aptera, A. psilostachya, A. trifida, Ammi majus, Croton monanthogynus, Erigeron canadensis, Helenium tenuifolium, Iva ciliata, Modiola caroliniana, Nandina dornestica, Oenothera laciniata, Parthenium hysterophorus, Phyla incisa, Ratibida pinata, Riccinus communis, Rubus trivialis, Solanum elaegnifolium, Specularia perfoliata, Torilis japonica, Vicia faba, Vigna sinensis, Xanthium strumarium. However, experimentally infected hosts total over 1483 species in more than 933 genera of 185 families (57, 2425). DISEASE: Lavender-red galls develop on the leaves and stems of hosts. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: North America (Texas). TRANSMISSION: No reports, but presumably by dissemination of resting spores, with local dispersal by zoospores swimming in water films.

Synchytrium psophocarpi. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Winged Bean ◽  
Wind Dispersal ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Water Films ◽  
Local Dispersal

Abstract A description is provided for Synchytrium psophocarpi. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Leguminosae (winged bean, Psophocarpus tetragonobolus, P. palustris). DISEASE: False rust or orange gall of winged bean, stimulating severe galling and malformation on the leaves, stems, flower buds and pods. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Australasia & Oceania (Papua New Guinea), Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippine Islands), Africa (Ghana, Uganda). TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of sporangia with local dispersal by zoospores swimming in water films.

Synchytrium phaseoli-radiati. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Crotalaria Juncea ◽  
Pea Seedlings ◽  
Resting Spores

Abstract A description is provided for Synchytrium phaseoli-radiati. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Leguminosae (pigeon pea, Cajanus cajan; Crotalaria juncea; Phaseolus radiatus; P. mungo). DISEASE: Galls develop on leaves and stems of host plants and infected pigeon pea seedlings may suffer from wilting (52, 2790). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (India). TRANSMISSION: No reports, but presumably by dissemination of resting spores.

Physoderma maydis. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
West Indies ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Water Films ◽  
Large Round ◽  
Local Dispersal

Abstract A description is provided for Physoderma maydis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Maize (Zea mays) and teosinte (Euchlaena mexicana). DISEASE: Brown spot of maize, causing reddish-brown spots, streaks and pustules on blade, sheath and culm. The disease first appears as large round to oval spots along adjacent veins, eventually spreading on to the leaf sheaths. Confluence of the discrete sites results in the appearance of large brown streaks and pustules, which can be broken open to reveal numerous yellowish-brown resting sporangia. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa, Asia, Australasia, the Americas and West Indies (CMI Map 106, ed. 3, 1974). TRANSMISSION: Tisdale (1919) has shown that resting sporangia are easily dispersed by wind when dried infected leaves are broken. Local dispersal by spores swimming in water films may also occur.

Physoderma alfalfae. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Walker
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Large White ◽  
Full Development ◽  
Water Films ◽  
Medicago Saliva ◽  
Local Dispersal

Abstract A description is provided for Physoderma alfalfae. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Medicago saliva (Lucerne, alfalfa) and Medicago spp. DISEASE: Crownwart of alfalfa. The disease is first noticeable in spring when the base of plant stems become slightly thickened. This thickening continues until large white warts or galls appear. Most galls reach full development in the summer, then decay rapidly with only a few surviving until the following spring (Jones & Drechsler, 1920; 58, 2281). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia, Australasia and Oceania, Europe, North America and South America (CMI Map 130, ed. 3, 1973). TRANSMISSION: By dissemination of resting sporangia. Local dispersal by spores swimming in water films may also occur.

Physoderma pulposum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Walker
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Water Films ◽  
Local Dispersal

Abstract A description is provided for Physoderma pulposum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Chenopodiaceae (Atriplex spp., Blitum spp., Beta spp., Chenopodium spp.); Compositae (Ambrosia spp.); Umbelliferae (Aegopodium spp.). DISEASE: Parasitic in the leaves, petioles and stems causing fairly large and conspicuous galls (30, 125). The shoots of the host may become thickened and distorted and appear yellow to pink and finally brown. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (Israel); Europe (Austria, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Sardinia, Yugoslavia); North America (USA); South America (Argentina). TRANSMISSION: By dissemination of resting sporangia. Local dispersal by spores swimming in water films may also occur.

Bothynoderes punctiventris. [Distribution map].

1976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Balearic Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bothynoderes punctiventris(Germ.) (Cleonus punctiventris[Bothynoderes punctiventris] Germ.) (Col., Curculionidae). Host Plants: Beta spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Austria, Balearic Islands, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), China, Iran, Turkey, USSR.

Entomophthora grylli. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. L. K. Brady
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nomadacris Septemfasciata ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
East Central ◽  
Resting Spores ◽  
The Dead ◽  
External Growth

Abstract A description is provided for Entomophthora grylli. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Orthoptera; nymph and adults of grasshoppers and locusts; there have also been records on Lepidoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera (MacLeod & Muller-Kogler, 1973). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe, including Britain; Canada; East, Central and South Africa. Fresenius quotes a record at 6000 ft near St. Moritz. DISEASE: The disease, causing epizootics in red locusts, Cyrtacanthacra septemfasciata (Nomadacris septemfasciata), in S. Africa is described by Skaife (1925). Infection is by germinating conidia which penetrate the integument. Dying insects characteristically climb up grass stems and die, apparently embracing the stem. The body becomes soft and easily disintegrates. The abdomen curls upward and backwards. Shortly after death a white, buff or greenish furry growth appears from the intersegmental membrane, leg joints, junction of the head and thorax and at the base of the antennae. The growth is made up of club-shaped conidiogenous cells which forcibly discharge conidia around the dead insect. Conidia, coated with the sticky contents of the conidiophore, are discharged in the evening, when the insects are clustered together and adhere to the surface of healthy individuals. A total of about 1% of locusts throughout the season die showing no external growth but are filled with resting spores; other individuals appear to be immune.

Dysdercus sidae. [Distribution map].

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Irian Jaya ◽  
New Hebrides ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Dysdercus sidae Montr. (D. insular is Stål) (Hemipt., Pyrrhocoridae). Host Plants: Cotton, kapok, Hibiscus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in AUSTRALASIA AND PACIFIC ISLANDS, Australia, Fiji, Loyalty Islands, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Niue, Papua & New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Wallis Islands, Irian Jaya.

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