Production and Quality Evaluation of Cookies Using Cassava-Grey Speckled Palapye Cowpea Composite Flour

Objective: The study aimed at production and quality evaluation of composite flours and cookies from cassava (Maniholt esculenta) -grey speckled palapye cowpea (Vigna sinensis). Methods: Flour was respectively produced from cassava and palapye cowpea. The flours of cassava and palapye cowpea were mixed in the ratios of 100:0, 90:10, 80:20 and 70:30 respectively before being analyzed for antinutrient and functional properties. Cookies were produced from the flours and then evaluated for their respective nutrient and organoleptic attributes. Data was analysed using using spss version 21.0. Results: The anti-nutrient concentration ranged from 0.83 to 1.25% (phytate), 0.07 to 0.19% (phenol), 0.12 to 0.17% (tannin), 0.09 to 0.21 Tiu/mg (trypsin inhibitor) and 0.28 to 0.88 mg/kg (hydrogen cyanide). The functional properties were found to be within 0.47 to 0.58 g/ml (bulk density), 1.62 to 2.04 g/g (capacity), 1.58% to 2.06 g/g (oil absorption capacity), 1.26 to 1.74 g/ml (swelling capacity) and 10.47 to 14.86% (foaming capacity). Proximate composition of the cookies samples showed 9.43 to 10.77% (moisture), 2.03 to 6.88% (protein), 1.03 to 1.91% (fat), 1.24 to 2.55% (ash), 3.22 to 4.26% (fibre) and 76.01 to 80.82% (carbohydrate). The sensory scores of the cookies ranged from 6.2 to 7.3 on the hedonic scale. Conclusion: The cassava-grey speckled cowpea flour proved satisfactory in cookies production and could also serve well in formulations for other food products.

Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk NPK Phonska Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Tanaman Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L) varietas Aura Jaguar

This study aimed to determine the effect of Phonska NPK fertilizer on the growth and production of asparagus beans (Vigna sinensis L). A hypothesis is that applying Phonska NPK fertilizer at a 200 kg/ha dose is suspected to affect the growth and yield of long beans (Vigna sinensis L). This research was carried out in rice fields in Gempolan Village, Gurah District, Kediri Regency, East Java Province, from November 2020 to February 2021. The study was carried out using a simple Randomized Block Design (RAK) experimental method, repeated three times with one factor. Phonska NPK fertilizer dosage treatment (P) consists of 7 levels P0 = Without Phonska NPK fertilizer. P1 = Phonska NPK administration with a dose of 50 kg hectare-. P2 = Phonska NPK administration with a dose of 100 kg hectares-1 =. P3 = Phonska NPK administration at a dose of 150 kg ha-1. P4 = Phonska NPK administration at a dose of 200 kg ha-1. P5 = Phonska NPK administration at a dose of 250 kg ha-1. P6 = Phonska NPK administration at a dose of 300 kg ha-1 . The results showed that the application of Phonska NPK fertilizer significantly affected the observations of plant height, number of leaves, number of flowers per plant, number of pods per plant, weight of consumption pods per plant, and weight of consumption pods per hectare. The highest yield was achieved at a 200 kg NPK Phonska/ha fertilizer dose for a plant height of 237.75 cm. The number of leaves was 111.50 pieces. Phonska NPK fertilizer treatment at a 200 kg/ha dose resulted in 20,750 flowers, 112,500 pods per plant, 616,250 grams per plant weight, and 27,385 tons per hectare production per hectare. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemupukan Phonska NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L). Penelitian dilakukan di lahan persawahan milik petani di Desa Gempolan, Kecamatan Gurah, Kabupaten Kediri, Provinsi Jawa Timur. November 2020 hingga Februari 2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), satu faktor dan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Perlakuan dosis pupuk Phonska NPK (P) meliputi 7 taraf, P0= kontrol, P1= pemberian NPK Phonska dengan dosis 50 kg hektar-1 , P2= pemberian NPK Phonska dengan dosis 100 kg hektar-1 , P3= pemberian NPK Phonska dengan dosis 150 kg hektar-1 , P4= pemberian NPK Phonska dengan dosis 200 kg hektar-1 , P5= pemberian NPK Phonska dengan dosis 250 kg hektar-1 , P6= pemberian NPK Phonska dengan dosis 300 kg hektar-1 . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemupukan NPK Phonska memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap nilai pengamatan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah bunga, dan jumlah polong per tanaman. Berat polong yang dapat dimakan per tanaman dan berat polong yang dapat dimakan per hektar. Hasil terbaik ditunjukkan oleh dosis pupuk 200 kg/ha untuk tinggi tanaman sebesar 237,75 cm, jumlah daun sebanyak 111,50 buah. Perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK Phonska dengan dosis 200 kg/ha menghasilkan jumlah bunga sebesar 20.75 buah, jumlah polong per tanaman sebesar 112,500 buah, berat polong sebesar 616,25 gram per tanaman dan produksi tiap hektar sebesar 27,38 ton/ha.

Penggunaan Pestisida Nabati Ekstrak Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.) pada Tanaman Kacang Panjang (Vigna Sinensis L.) untuk Mengurangi Dampak Pencemaran Lingkungan di Desa Gunung Selamat, Kec. Bilah Hulu, Kab. Labuhanbatu

Vegetable pesticides are pesticides whose active ingredients come from plants and other organic materials that control pest attacks on plants, containing many bioactive compounds such as phenolic, alkaloid compounds and also other secondary chemical substances. Papayas are plants originating from Central America. Papaya can grow well in areas that are in tropical climates. Some of the ingredients contained in papaya leaves include papain enzymes, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannis. All of the content contained in papaya leaves, the papain enzyme is the most abundant chemical content in papaya leaves because it comes from papaya sap.

Callose: a multifunctional (1, 3)-β–d-glucan involved in morphogenesis and function of angiosperm stomata

Background Although the cellulose microfibril organization in guard cell (GC) walls play a crucial role in the mechanism of the stomatal function, recent work showed that matrix cell wall materials are also involved. Especially in the kidney-shaped stomata of the fern Asplenium nidus, callose actively participates in the mechanism of opening and closure of the stomatal pore. Scope The present review briefly presents and discusses recent findings concerning the distribution and role of callose in the kidney-shaped stomata of the dicotyledon Vigna sinensis as well as in the dumbbell-shaped stomata of the monocotyledon Zea mays. Conclusion The discussed data support that, in both categories of angiosperm stomata, callose is implicated in the mechanism of stomatal pore formation and stomata function by locally affecting the mechanical properties of the GC cell walls.

APLIKASI PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA (PGPR) AKAR TUMBUHAN PUTRI MALU TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN KACANG PANJANG (Vigna sinensis L.)

Aplikasi Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria(PGPR) Akar Tumbuhan Putri Malu Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L.). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi PGPR akar tumbuhan putri malu terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kacang panjang, dan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap dan keterampilan petani terhadap aplikasi PGPR akar tumbuhan putri malu terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kacang panjang. Kajian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Batara, Kecamatan Labakkang, Waktu pelaksanaan pada bulan Maret sampai bulan Mei 2020. Metode kajian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Uji F yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, sehingga dihasilkan 12 petak percobaan. Perlakuan P0(tanpa pemberian PGPR), P1(8 ml/tanaman + 1 L air/plot), P2(8,5 ml/tanaman + 1 L air/tanaman), P3(9 ml/tanaman + 1 L air/plot). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa P1 (PGPR dosis 9 ml/tanaman + 1 L air/plot) memberikan hasil terbaik dengan rata-rata tinggi tanaman yaitu (183,38), jumlah daun (60 helai, dan berat basah (229,78 gr) diantara perlakuan lainnya.

PENGARUH APLIKASI TRIPLE SUPER PHOSPHATE (TSP) DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN KACANG PANJANG (Vigna sinensis L.)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi pupuk Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) dalam meningkatkan hasil tanaman kacang panjang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Gampong Alue Kupula Kecamatan Peusangan Siblah Krueng Kabupaten Bireuen dengan ketinggian tempat 560 mdpl yang dimulai pada tanggal 03 Juli sampai dengan tanggal 25 September 2019. Rancangan percobaan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Non faktorial dengan perlakuan. sebagai berikut : Pupuk TSP (T) terdiri dari 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu : T0 = 0 g/tanaman (kontrol), T1 = 0,6 g/tanaman, dan T2 = 1,20 g/tanaman. Pengamatan yang diamati dalam penelitian ini meliputi tinggi tanaman, Jumlah Polong, jumlah polong pertandan, panjang polong, berat polong, berat 100 biji dan produktivitas (Ton/Ha). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian pupuk TSP berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman umur 20, 40 dan 60 HST, jumlah polong, jumlah polong per tandan, panjang polong dan berat 100 biji tanaman kacang panjang. Perlakuan terbaik dijumpai pada perlakuan pupuk TSP dengan dosis 1,20 g/tanaman (T2).

PENGARUH APLIKASI POC ( PUPUK ORGANIK CAIR ) URIN KAMBING DAN PESTISIDA ALAMI TERHADAP RESPON PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN KACANG PANJANG ( Vigna sinensis L. ) BEDA VARIETAS DI DESA GUNUNG SELAMAT BILAH HULU LABUHAN BATU

The Effect Of POC (Liquid Organic Fertilizer) Application Of Goat Urine And Natural Pesticides On The Growth Response Of Long Bean (Vigna Sinensis L.) Plant In Mountain Village Bilah Hulu Labuhan Batu, Sarah Kristi Pertiwi1, Khairul Rizal S.TP, M.Si2, Yudi Triyanto SP, M.Si3 Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Labuhanbatu. Long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) are a vegetable plant as a source of vitamins and minerals. Long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) are also a type of legume that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Gunung Selamat Village is one of the villages with a variety of agricultural crops, one of which is long beans (Vigna sinensis L.). However, this community service was carried out because of the many problems faced by farmers, which caused the growth of long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) to decline. The decline in production was caused, among others, by climate, soil, fertilizers, pests and diseases. Therefore, this community service is carried out to increase plant growth and reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers that can damage the soil ecosystem, therefore it is given the treatment of sprinkling liquid organic fertilizers on the soil and spraying vegetable pesticides from papaya leaves to prevent pests and diseases that attack long bean plants (Vigna sinensis L.). This treatment was designed to see the results of the growth rate response in long bean plants (Vigna sinensis L.). Keywords: Long Beans (Vigna sinensis L.), Liquid Organic Fertilizer, Natural Pesticides, Long Bean (Vigna sinensis L.) Plant Growth Response. AbstrakKacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman sayuran sebagai sumber vitamin dan mineral. Kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) juga merupakan jenis kacang-kacangan yang banyak diusahakan di Indonesia. Desa Gunung Selamat merupakan salah satu desa dengan penghasilan tanaman palawija yang beragam salah satunya kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.). Namun, pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan karena banyak permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh petani sehingga menyebabkan pertumbuhan kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) menurun. Turunnya produksi ini antara lain disebabkan oleh iklim, tanah, pupuk, hama dan penyakit. Maka dari itu pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman serta mengurangi penggunaan pupuk sintetik yang dapat merusak ekosistem tanah, maka dari itu diberi perlakuan penyiraman pupuk organik cair pada tanah serta penyemprotan pestisida nabati dari daun pepaya untuk mencegah hama dan penyakit yang menyerang tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.). Perlakuan ini dibuat untuk melihat hasil respon tingkat pertumbuhan pada tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.).

Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair Urin Kambing dan Pestisida Alami terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kacang Panjang Beda Varietas di Desa Gunung Selamat

Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman sayuran sebagai sumber vitamin dan mineral. Kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) juga merupakan jenis kacang-kacangan yang banyak diusahakan di Indonesia. Desa Gunung Selamat merupakan salah satu desa dengan penghasilan tanaman palawija yang beragam salah satunya kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.). Namun, pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan karena banyak permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh petani sehingga menyebabkan pertumbuhan kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.)� menurun. Turunnya produksi ini antara lain disebabkan oleh iklim, tanah, pupuk, hama dan penyakit. Maka dari itu pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman serta mengurangi penggunaan pupuk sintetik yang dapat merusak ekosistem tanah, maka dari itu diberi perlakuan penyiraman pupuk organik cair pada tanah serta penyemprotan pestisida nabati dari daun pepaya untuk mencegah hama dan penyakit yang menyerang tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.). Perlakuan ini dibuat untuk melihat hasil respon tingkat pertumbuhan pada tanaman kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.).Long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) are a vegetable plant as a source of vitamins and minerals. Long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) are also a type of legume that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Gunung Selamat Village is one of the villages with a variety of agricultural crops, one of which is long beans (Vigna sinensis L.). However, this community service was carried out because of the many problems faced by farmers, which caused the growth of long beans (Vigna sinensis L.) to decline. The decline in production was caused, among others, by climate, soil, fertilizers, pests and diseases. Therefore, this community service is carried out to increase plant growth and reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers that can damage the soil ecosystem, therefore it is given the treatment of sprinkling liquid organic fertilizers on the soil and spraying vegetable pesticides from pepaya leaves to prevent pests and diseases that attack long bean plants (Vigna sinensis L.). This treatment was designed to see the results of the growth rate response in long bean plants (Vigna sinensis L.).

Penentuan Waktu Panen untuk Produksi Benih Bermutu Tanaman Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L.)

Determination of Harvest Time for Quality Seed Production of Long Bean Plants (Vigna sinensis L.). Seed maturity generally occurs at the same time as fruit maturity. When the fruit reaches its physiological level, it is the best time to get seeds with high quantity and best quality. Early harvest before physiological maturity many seeds have not been completely filled so that they will produce low quality seeds because many seeds are wrinkled. Meanwhile, when harvested after physiological maturity, the seeds experience weather conditions so that many seeds experience physical and physiological quality deterioration. The research aimed to get the right harvest time in the production of quality seeds of long bean plants. This study used a randomized block design with 6 treatments at harvest pods after blooming and 4 replications. The six treatments were harvest age 14, 17, 20, 23, 26, and 29 days after the flowers bloom. The results showed that the right time to harvest pods for the production of long bean seeds was 26 days after blooming, the color of the pods has changed from green to yellow, the seeds have the highest dry weight (7,56 g), the best germination capacity (100%), and maximum vigor (88,78%).