scholarly journals Obesity among children attending elementary public schools in São Paulo, Brazil: a case–control study

2003 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 659-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela da Costa Ribeiro ◽  
José Augusto AC Taddei ◽  
Fernando Colugnatti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Elementary Public Schools ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To describe obesity among students of public schools in São Paulo and to identify risk factors for this nutritional and physical activity disorder.Design:Case– control study of obese and non-obese schoolchildren to study risk factors for obesity.Setting:Anthropometric survey including 2519 children attending eight elementary public schools in Sã o Paulo, Brazil.Subjects:Schoolchildren aged 7–10 years, of whom 223 were obese (cases; weight-for-height greater than or equal to two standard deviations(≥2SD) above the median of the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) reference population) and 223 were eutrophic (controls; weight-for-height ±1SD from NCHS median).Measurements:Parents or guardians of the 446 cases and controls were interviewed about the children's eating behaviours and habits.Results:The prevalence of obesity (weight-for-height ≥2SD) in the surveyed population was 10.5%. A logistic regression model fitted to the case–control dataset showed that obesity was positively associated with the following factors: birth weight ≥3500 g (odds ratio (OR) 1.83, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–2.78), child's appetite at meals (OR 3.81, 95% CI 2.49–5.83), watching television for 4h per day or longer (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.32–3.24), mother's schooling>4 years (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.25–2.75) and parents' body mass index ≥ 30 kgm−2(OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.43–4.37).Conclusion:The explanatory multivariate model points to preventive measures that would encourage knowledge of the children and their guardians in relation to a balanced diet and a less sedentary lifestyle, such as reducing television viewing. Schoolchildren with a birth weight of 3500g or more or whose parents are obese should receive special attention in the prevention of obesity.

scholarly journals Adequacy of antenatal care and its relationship with low birth weight in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil: a case-control study

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cátia Regina Branco da Fonseca ◽  
Maria Wany Louzada Strufaldi ◽  
Lídia Raquel de Carvalho ◽  
Rosana Fiorini Puccini
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Control Study

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Short-Term Outcomes of Full-Term Low Birth Weight Infants Born at a Tertiary Academic Center: A Prospective Case–Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Al-Wassia ◽  
Shahd K. Baarimah ◽  
Asmaa H. Mohammedsaleh ◽  
Manal O. Alsulami ◽  
Ragad S. Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Chromosomal Anomalies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Control Study

Objective Low birth weight (LBW) infants (<2,500 g) continued to be a global health problem because of the associated short- and long-term adverse outcomes. The study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and short-term outcomes of term LBW infants Study Design A prospective and case–control study. All infants born consecutively from September 1, 2018 to August 31, 2019 were included. Cases, term LBW infants, were 1:1 matched to controls, appropriate for gestational age (AGA) term infants. Major congenital or chromosomal anomalies and multiple pregnancies were excluded. Results The prevalence of term LBW in the studied period was 4.8%. Mothers of term LBW infants had significantly lower body mass index (p = 0.05), gained less weight (p = 0.01), had a history of previous LBW (p = 0.01), and lower monthly income (p = 0.04) compared with mothers of term AGA infants even after adjustment for confounders. A nonsignificant higher number of term LBW infants needed NICU admission, while their need for phototherapy was deemed significant. Conclusion We identified nutritional and socioeconomic maternal factors that are significantly associated with LBW infants and should be targeted during antenatal visits to improve neonatal outcomes. Key Points

Risk factors for low birth weight: Results from a case-control study in southern Spain

1998 ◽  
Vol 105 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez ◽  
Rocío Pérez-Iglesias ◽  
Montserrat Gómez-Olmedo ◽  
Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas ◽  
Ramón Gálvez-Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and risk of oral cancer: a case-control study in São Paulo, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni ◽  
Regina Mara Fisberg ◽  
José Francisco de Góis Filho ◽  
Luiz Paulo Kowalski ◽  
Marcos Brasilino de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
P Value ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Control Study

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between dietary patterns and oral cancer. METHODS: The study, part of a Latin American multicenter hospital-based case-control study, was conducted in São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, between November 1998 and March 2002 and included 366 incident cases of oral cancer and 469 controls, frequency-matched with cases by sex and age. Dietary data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire. The risk associated with the intake of food groups defined a posteriori, through factor analysis (called factors), was assessed. The first factor, labeled "prudent," was characterized by the intake of vegetables, fruit, cheese, and poultry. The second factor, "traditional," consisted of the intake of rice, pasta, pulses, and meat. The third factor, "snacks," was characterized as the intake of bread, butter, salami, cheese, cakes, and desserts. The fourth, "monotonous," was inversely associated with the intake of fruit, vegetables and most other food items. Factor scores for each component retained were calculated for cases and controls. After categorization of factor scores into tertiles according to the distribution of controls, odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using unconditional multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: "Traditional" factor showed an inverse association with cancer (OR=0.51; 95% CI: 0.32; 0.81, p-value for trend 0.14), whereas "monotonous" was positively associated with the outcome (OR=1.78; 95% CI: 1.78; 2.85, p-value for trend <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The study data suggest that the traditional Brazilian diet, consisting of rice and beans plus moderate amounts of meat, may confer protection against oral cancer, independently of any other risk factors such as alcohol intake and smoking.

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