Gingival bleeding and pocket depth among smokers and the related changes after short-term smoking cessation

Objectives: Telemedicine appears to be a promising tool for healthcare professionals to deliver remote care to patients with cardiovascular diseases especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed in this study to evaluate the value of telemedicine added to the short-term medical care of acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: Two hundred acute STEMI patients after primary PCI were randomly divided into two groups. One hundred patients in group A (study group) received a monthly videoconferencing teleconsultation using a smartphone application for 3 months starting 1 week after discharge and at least a single face-to-face (F2F) clinic visit. We reviewed in each virtual visit the symptoms of patients, adherence to healthy lifestyle measures, medications, smoking cessation, and cardiac rehabilitation. Group B (control group) included 100 patients who received at least a single F2F clinic visit in the first 3 months after discharge. Both groups were interviewed after 4 months from discharge for major adverse cardiac events (MACE), adherence to medications, smoking cessation, and cardiac rehabilitation. A survey was done to measure the satisfaction of patients with telemedicine.Results: There was no significant difference between both groups in MACE and their adherence to aspirin, P2Y12 inhibitor, and beta-blockers. However, group A patients had better adherence to statins, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, smoking cessation, and cardiac rehabilitation. Sixty-one percent of patients stated that these videoconferencing teleconsultations were as good as the clinic visits, while 87% of patients were satisfied with telemedicine.Conclusions: Telemedicine may provide additional benefit to the short-term regular care after primary PCI to STEMI patients through videoconferencing teleconsultations by increasing their adherence to medications and healthy lifestyle measures without a significant difference in the short-term MACE. These virtual visits gained a high level of satisfaction among the patients.

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Soft Tissue Healing and IL-6 Cytokine Levels in Microsurgical and Conventional Open Flap Debridement in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis - A Randomized Clinico-Biochemical Trial

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2021/597 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (34) ◽

pp. 2928-2933

Author(s):

Peddireddy Bhavani

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue Healing ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Gingival Bleeding ◽

Group I ◽

Tissue Healing ◽

Cytokine Levels ◽

Early Healing ◽

Open Flap Debridement ◽

Attachment Level

BACKGROUND The present study was conducted to compare clinical outcomes and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) interleukin (IL)-6 cytokine levels in microsurgical and conventional open flap debridement procedure. METHODS Thirty sites in chronic periodontitis patients were randomly assigned into Group I (microsurgical) and Group II (conventional) open flap debridement in a split-mouth design. Gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), relative attachment level (RAL) were recorded at baseline and 3 months. GCF IL-6 cytokine levels were assessed at baseline and on 3rd day postoperatively. Pain perception using visual analog score (VAS) and soft tissue healing using early healing index (EHI) were assessed after on 7th day post-surgery. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in gingival bleeding index, probing pocket depth, relative attachment level within both the groups. Intergroup gingival bleeding index scores were statistically significant at the end of 3 months. The difference in visual analog scores between the two groups was found to be statistically insignificant whereas early healing index scores between the groups was found to be statistically significant. Group I showed lower levels of IL-6 on 3rd day postoperatively. It was also found that there was positive correlation of IL-6 levels with clinical parameters such as PPD and RAL. CONCLUSIONS Open flap debridement using microsurgical approach can substantially improve clinical parameters and wound healing compared with conventional macrosurgical approach. IL-6 levels were lower in microsurgical group indicating less invasive surgical approach. KEY WORDS Open Flap Debridement, Periodontal Microsurgery, Wound Healing, IL-6, Cytokine, GCF.

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The Examination of the Acute Vascular Changes after Short-Term Smoking Cessation Using Second Derivative of Photoplethysmogram in the Adult Men

Korean Journal of Family Practice ◽

10.21215/kjfp.2017.7.1.42 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 42-48

Author(s):

Eun-Sook Park ◽

Seock-Hwan Lee ◽

Hyunsug Bae ◽

Joon-Woo Kim ◽

Jong-Myung Park

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Second Derivative ◽

Vascular Changes ◽

Short Term ◽

Adult Men

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Smoking cessation in severe mental illness: combined long-term quit rates from the UK SCIMITAR trials programme

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.2019.192 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Simon Gilbody ◽

Emily Peckham ◽

Della Bailey ◽

Catherine Arundel ◽

Paul Heron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Smoking Cessation ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Short Term ◽

Cessation Intervention ◽

Term Trial ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Uk ◽

Full Trial

Summary Smoking contributes to health inequalities for people with severe mental illness (SMI). Although smoking cessation interventions are effective in the short term, there are few long-term trial-based estimates of abstinence. The SCIMITAR trials programme includes the largest trial to date of a smoking cessation intervention for people with SMI, but this was underpowered to detect anticipated long-term quit rates. By pooling pilot and full-trial data we found that quit rates were maintained at 12 months (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.02–2.73, P = 0.04). Policymakers can now be confident that bespoke smoking cessation interventions produce successful short- and long-term quitting.

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PT01.3: Short-Term Preoperative Smoking Cessation within an Enhanced-Recovery Programme Reduces Perioperative Risks to Baseline: A Study in 1,517 Consecutive Patients

Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1016/s0261-5614(19)32543-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. S34

Author(s):

K. Schalling ◽

J. Nygren ◽

M. Soop

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Enhanced Recovery ◽

Short Term ◽

Enhanced Recovery Programme ◽

Perioperative Risks

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Engagement and Short-term Abstinence Outcomes Among Blacks and Whites in the National Cancer Institute's SmokefreeTXT Program

Nicotine & Tobacco Research ◽

10.1093/ntr/ntz178 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (9) ◽

pp. 1622-1626 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cendrine D Robinson ◽

Kara P Wiseman ◽

Monica Webb Hooper ◽

Sherine El-Toukhy ◽

Emily Grenen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Text Messaging ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Short Term ◽

Similar Frequency ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Blacks And Whites ◽

Black Smokers ◽

Assessment Questions

Abstract Introduction Text-messaging programs for smoking cessation improve abstinence outcomes in the general population. However, little is known about engagement and abstinence outcomes among African Americans in text-messaging smoking cessation programs. The current study compares engagement and abstinence between Blacks and Whites in the National Cancer Institute’s SmokefreeTXT program. Method Data were from Blacks (n = 1333) and Whites (n = 7154) who enrolled in the 6-week SmokefreeTXT program between August 2017 and June 2018. We assessed the association between race and program initiation and completion; responses to weekly smoking cessation, mood, and craving assessments; and self-reported abstinence using multivariable logistic regression. Results Blacks and Whites initiated the program at a similar frequency, yet Blacks were more likely to complete the program (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43 to 2.06). Blacks were less likely to respond to all seven abstinence, mood, and craving assessments (eg, AOR of quit day responses = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.51 to 0.77; 6-week AOR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.34 to 0.72). Self-reported abstinence was lower among Blacks for all seven smoking assessments (eg, quit day abstinence AOR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.41 to 0.68; 6-week abstinence AOR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.38 to 0.89). Conclusion Although Blacks were more likely than Whites to complete the SmokefreeTXT program, they were less likely to engage with the program by responding to assessment questions and had lower abstinence rates. Qualitative research may reveal unique barriers to engagement among Blacks. Implications Black smokers enrolled in a nationwide mobile smoking cessation program at a rate comparable to White smokers. However, they were significantly less likely to engage with the program or quit smoking. This study highlights the need to examine barriers to cessation for Black smokers.

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