Comparison between the Plasma Cholesterol-lowering Effects of Glycine and Taurine in Rats Fed on High Cholesterol Diets

1989 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1647-1652
Author(s):  
Kimio Sugiyama ◽  
Akio Ohishi ◽  
Yukari Ohnuma ◽  
Keiichiro Muramatsu
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering

scholarly journals Comparison between the plasma cholesterol-lowering effects of glycine and taurine in rats fed on high cholesterol diets.

1989 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1647-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimio SUGIYAMA ◽  
Akio OHISHI ◽  
Yukari OHNUMA ◽  
Keiichiro MURAMATSU
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering

scholarly journals Antioxidant Supplements Improve Profiles of Hepatic Oxysterols and Plasma Lipids in Butter-fed Hamsters

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. NMI.S3911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanne Poirier ◽  
Kevin A. Cockell ◽  
W.M. Nimal Ratnayake ◽  
Kylie A. Scoggan ◽  
Nick Hidiroglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽  
Tocopheryl Acetate ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Antioxidant Supplements ◽  
Tissue Lipid Peroxidation

Hypercholesterolemia diets are associated with oxidative stress that may contribute to hypercholesterolemia by adversely affecting enzymatically-generated oxysterols involved in cholesterol homeostasis. An experiment was conducted to examine whether the cholesterol-lowering effects of the antioxidants selenium and α-tocopherol were related to hepatic oxysterol concentrations. Four groups of male Syrian hamsters (n = 7-8) were fed high cholesterol and saturated fat (0.46% cholesterol, 14.3% fat) hypercholesterolemic semi-purified diets: 1) Control; 2) Control + α-tocopherol (67 IU all-racemic-α-tocopheryl-acetate/kg diet); 3) Control + selenium (3.4 mg selenate/kg diet); and 4) Control + α-tocopherol + selenium. Antioxidant supplementation was associated with lowered plasma cholesterol concentrations, decreased tissue lipid peroxidation and higher hepatic oxysterol concentrations. A second experiment examined the effect of graded selenium doses (0.15, 0.85, 1.7 and 3.4 mg selenate/kg diet) on mRNA expression of the oxysterol-generating enzyme, hepatic 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1, EC 1.14.13.15), in hamsters (n = 8-9) fed the hypercholesterolemic diets. Supplementation of selenium at 3.4 mg selenate/kg diet was not associated with increased hepatic 27-hydroxylase mRNA. In conclusion, the cholesterol lowering effects of selenium and α-tocopherol were associated with increased hepatic enzymatically generated oxysterol concentrations, which appears to be mediated via improved antioxidant status rather than increased enzymatic production.

scholarly journals Plasma cholesterol lowering action of bile acid binding polymers in experimental animals

1960 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 469-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
DavidM. Tennent ◽  
Henry Siegel ◽  
MaryE. Zanetti ◽  
GuntherW. Kuron ◽  
WaltherH. Ott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Bile Acid Binding

Interactive Effect of Hesperidin and Vitamin E Supplements on Cholesterol Metabolism in High Cholesterol-Fed Rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Bok Park ◽  
Kyung-Min Do ◽  
Song-Hae Bok ◽  
Mi-Kyung Lee ◽  
Tae-Sook Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Reductase Activity ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Free Groups ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Triglyceride Content ◽  
Coa Reductase

Certain bioflavonoids are potent antioxidants and have pharmacologic effects similar to those of vitamin E. Accordingly, the interactive effect of hesperidin and vitamin E was studied with respect to cholesterol metabolism and the antioxidant status. Hesperidin supplement (0.1%, wt/wt) with comparable levels of vitamin E was provided with a high-cholesterol (1%, wt/wt) diet to rats for 5 weeks. The amount of vitamin E included in the hesperidin-free and hesperidin diets was either a low (low-E) or a normal (normal-E) level. The hesperidin supplement and different levels of dietary vitamin E did not significantly alter the concentrations of plasma triglycerides. However, the inclusion of hesperidin significantly lowered the concentration of plasma cholesterol in both the low-vitamin E group and the normal-vitamin E group compared to the hesperidin-free groups (p < 0.05). The hepatic triglyceride content was significantly lowered by the hesperidin supplement, as opposed to the plasma triglyceride content, regardless of the vitamin E level in the diet. The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity was significantly lowered by the hesperidin supplement with both the low-vitamin E and the normal-vitamin E compared to the hesperidin-free groups (p < 0.05). The hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity was also significantly lowered with an increase in the dietary vitamin E within the hesperidin and hesperidin-free groups. The excretion of fecal neutral sterol and acidic sterols tended to be lower with the hesperidin supplement. Neither dietary hesperidin nor vitamin E significantly changed the hepatic antioxidant enzyme activity. This data indicates that hesperidin lowers the concentration of plasma cholesterol and the hepatic triglyceride content regardless of the dietary vitamin E level. However, the concentration of plasma cholesterol in the hesperidin-free groups was dependent on the dietary vitamin E level. This information may contribute to understanding the interactive effect of hesperidin and vitamin E on cholesterol biosynthesis in high cholesterol-fed rats.

scholarly journals Simvastatin Has Anti-Inflammatory and Antiatherosclerotic Activities Independent of Plasma Cholesterol Lowering

2001 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl P. Sparrow ◽  
Charlotte A. Burton ◽  
Melba Hernandez ◽  
Steven Mundt ◽  
Heide Hassing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals CHOLESTEROL LOWERING POTENTIALS OF A BLEND OF STANDARDIZED METHANOL EXTRACTS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAVES AND FRUITS IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Gururaja G. M. ◽  
Deepak Mundkinajeddu ◽  
Senthil Kumar A. ◽  
Joshua Allan J. ◽  
Shekhar M. Dethe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Ionic Detergent ◽  
Lipase Inhibition

Objective: Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae), a small rapid growing, evergreen, deciduous tree is an important medicinal plant. Leaves and fruits of this plant are used for various ailments, as a nutritional supplement and also as vegetables. The current study involves in the determination of best combination of the cholesterol-lowering potential of a blend of methanol extracts of M. oleifera leaf and fruits, developed based on in vitro FIC index studies and evaluate the combination of this extracts in hypercholesterolemic animal models.Methods: Leaf and fruit methanol extracts and their combinations were tested in in vitro lipase inhibition assay to determine the best combination using fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index. Hypercholesterolemia was induced with Triton WR-1339 (a non-ionic detergent) and with high cholesterol diet for acute and chronic model respectively and the cholesterol-lowering effect of 1:1 blend of M. oleifera leaf and fruits methanol extracts was evaluated.Results: The FIC index values indicated that M. oleifera leaf and fruit extracts blended in 1:1 proportion was the best combination in in vitro lipase inhibition assay. This blend, when evaluated in vivo, showed a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol level from 24 h through 48 h in triton model. In high cholesterol diet model, the extract blend showed a significant reduction in serum triglycerides levels at 3 and 6 w of treatment.Conclusion: The results indicate that the blend of M. oleifera at the tested dose could be lowering cholesterol and triglyceride levels by inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol and can be developed as a standardized blend for dietary supplement market.

scholarly journals Phosphatidylcholine transfer protein regulates size and hepatic uptake of high-density lipoproteins

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (6) ◽  
pp. G1067-G1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele K. Wu ◽  
David E. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
High Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Cholesterol Diet ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Transfer Protein ◽  
Phosphatidylcholine Transfer Protein ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette

Phosphatidylcholine transfer protein (PC-TP) is a steroidogenic acute regulatory-related transfer domain protein that is enriched in liver cytosol and binds phosphatidylcholines with high specificity. In tissue culture systems, PC-TP promotes ATP-binding cassette protein A1-mediated efflux of cholesterol and phosphatidylcholine molecules as nascent pre-β-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. Here, we explored a role for PC-TP in HDL metabolism in vivo utilizing 8-wk-old male Pctp−/− and wild-type littermate C57BL/6J mice that were fed for 7 days with either chow or a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet. In chow-fed mice, neither plasma cholesterol concentrations nor the concentrations and compositions of plasma phospholipids were influenced by PC-TP expression. However, in Pctp−/− mice, there was an accumulation of small α-migrating HDL particles. This occurred without changes in hepatic expression of ATP-binding cassette protein A1 or in proteins that regulate the intravascular metabolism and clearance of HDL particles. In Pctp−/− mice fed the high-fat/high-cholesterol diet, HDL particle sizes were normalized, whereas plasma cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations were increased compared with wild-type mice. In the absence of upregulation of hepatic ATP-binding cassette protein A1, reduced HDL uptake from plasma into livers of Pctp−/− mice contributed to higher plasma lipid concentrations. These data indicate that PC-TP is not essential for the enrichment of HDL with phosphatidylcholines but that it does modulate particle size and rates of hepatic clearance.

scholarly journals Effects of oat bran, processed to different molecular weights of β-glucan, on plasma lipids and caecal formation of SCFA in mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Immerstrand ◽  
Kristina E. Andersson ◽  
Caroline Wange ◽  
Ana Rascon ◽  
Per Hellstrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Oat Bran ◽  
Diet Pattern ◽  
The Difference

In the present study, we evaluated the cholesterol-lowering effects of different oat bran (OB) preparations, differing regarding their peak molecular weight (MWp) of β-glucans (2348, 1311, 241, 56, 21 or < 10 kDa), in C57BL/6NCrl mice. The diets were designed to be atherogenic (0·8 % cholesterol and 0·1 % cholic acid), and they reflected the Western diet pattern (41 % energy fat). All OB preparations that were investigated significantly reduced plasma cholesterol when compared with a cellulose-containing control diet, regardless of the molecular weight of β-glucan. Moreover, the difference in viscous properties between the processed OB (from 0·11 to 17·7 l/g) did not appear to play a major role in the cholesterol-lowering properties. In addition, there was no correlation between the molecular weight of β-glucan and the amount of propionic acid formed in caecum. Interestingly, however, there was a significant correlation between the ratio of (propionic acid+butyric acid)/acetic acid and the MWpof β-glucans: the ratio increased with increasing molecular weight. The results of the present study suggest that the molecular weights and viscous properties of β-glucan in oat products may not be crucial parameters for their cholesterol-lowering effects.

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