Efficiency of micronutrients and sodium use of a Eucalyptus clone as a function of planting density in short-rotation cropping

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
P. L. de Medeiros ◽  
A. S. Pimenta ◽  
G. G. C. da Silva ◽  
E. M. M. de Oliveira ◽  
D. N. da Silva Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Planting Density ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Eucalyptus Clone

Efficiency of nutrient use for biomass production of a Eucalyptus clone as a function of planting density in short-rotation cropping

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Author(s):  
P. L. Medeiros ◽  
G. G. C. Silva ◽  
E. M. M. Oliveira ◽  
C. O. Ribeiro ◽  
J. M. S. Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Nutrient Use ◽  
Eucalyptus Clone

scholarly journals BIOFUELS: A RETURN TO THE PAST OR A MODERN RENEWABLE SOURCE OF BIOENERGY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Tsarev ◽  
Raisa Tsareva ◽  
Vadim Tsarev ◽  
Elena Miligula
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Average Height ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Geothermal Waters ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Forest Enterprises

The analysis of research on biofuels is presented. In connection with the forecast of the depletion of fossil sources for energy production and their adverse effects on the environment, research and practical work on the use of renewable resources for these purposes is being carried out in different countries. Plant biomass, wind, sun, hydro resources, geothermal waters, etc. are considered. According to some data, wood biomass in the European Union from all renewable sources in 2012 was 50%. Among the suppliers of wood biomass in the world, short- cropped plantations of fast-growing tree species (poplars, willows, etc.) are gaining popularity. The European Union has adopted a plan to create 70,000 hectares of such plantations. In the Central Chernozem region of Russia, research on the creation and evaluation of the effectiveness of short- rotation plantations began in the mid-90s of the twentieth century. Studies have shown that on a plantation of Robusta poplar at the age of 4 years, with a 2-year rotation and a planting density of 20 thousand plants per 1 ha, the annual increase in absolutely dry biomass can be 11.5 t/ ha/year. After a long break due to the difficulties of the 1990s, these works were resumed only in 2015-2016. In accordance with the developed program, work has begun on the creation and research of experimental facilities both on the territory of Research Institute of Forest Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology and on the lands of industrial forest enterprises. The best results on the growth of poplars in the reproductive areas were obtained in the Kulikovsky forestry of the Lipetsk region, where the annual shoots of poplars ‘Voronezh Giant’ and P. trichocarpa at the root-cutting plantation reached an average height of 157-183 cm.

Financial Returns for Biomass on Short-Rotation Loblolly Pine Plantations in the Southeastern United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Trlica ◽  
Rachel L Cook ◽  
Timothy J Albaugh ◽  
Rajan Parajuli ◽  
David R Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Financial Returns ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Competition Control ◽  
Whole Tree

Abstract Rising demand for renewable energy has created a potential market for biomass from short-rotation pine plantations in the southeastern United States. Site preparation, competition control, fertilization, and enhanced seedling genotypes offer the landowner several variables for managing productivity, but their combined effects on financial returns are unclear. This study estimated returns from a hypothetical 10-year biomass harvest in loblolly pine plantation using field studies in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina and the Virginia Piedmont testing combinations of tree genotype, planting density, and silviculture. Although enhanced varietal genotypes could yield more biomass, open-pollinated seedlings at 1,236–1,853 trees ha−1 under operational silviculture had the greatest returns at both sites, with mean whole-tree internal rates of return of 8.3%–9.9% assuming stumpage equal to current pulpwood prices. At a 5% discount rate, break-even whole-tree stumpage at the two sites in the optimal treatments was $8.72–$9.92 Mg−1, and break-even yield was 175–177 Mg ha−1 (roughly 18 Mg ha−1 yr−1 productivity), although stumpage and yield floors were higher if only stem biomass was treated as salable. Dedicated short-rotation loblolly biomass plantations in the region are more likely to be financially attractive when site establishment and maintenance costs are minimized. Study Implications: Our study suggests that dedicated loblolly pine plantations in the US Southeast may be managed to generate positive financial yields for biomass over relatively short (10 year) rotation windows, even at lower stumpage value than at present for pulpwood in the region (<80% current). Intensive use of costly inputs like fertilizer, vigorous chemical competition control, and elite genetics in planting stock did improve biomass yields. However, the management combinations that favored the highest financial returns emphasized the least expensive open-pollinated stock, lower-input operational silviculture, and moderate-to-high planting density.

scholarly journals Population dynamics of willow coppice systems and their implications for management of short-rotation forests

1993 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 699-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Willebrand ◽  
Theo Verwijst
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Relative Variation ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Clonal Composition ◽  
Spacing Length ◽  
Key Words Biomass

Spacing, length of rotation and clonal composition of Salix coppice systems determine the degree of within-stand competition and thereby the dynamics of the populations. Three general effects of competition are identified and their dependence on planting design and management is illustrated. (1) The dependence of yield on initial planting density disappears at higher densities and becomes weaker at low densities in later rotations. (2) The development of a competitive hierarchy between stools is reflected by a temporal increase of skewness and relative variation in weight frequency distributions. (3) Mortality of stools due to self-thinning is enhanced by high planting density and longer cutting cycles. Furthermore, the relative performance of clones in a mixture cannot be predicted from their performance in pure stands. Key words: Biomass production, Clone mixture, Competition, Rotation length, Salix, Self-thinning, Spacing, Willow coppice

scholarly journals Allometry, Growth and Survival of Three Eucalyptus Species (Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden and Cambage, E. dunnii Maiden and E. grandis Hill ex Maiden) in High-Density Plantations in Uruguay

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Resquin ◽  
Rafael Navarro-Cerrillo ◽  
Cecilia Rachid-Casnati ◽  
Andrés Hirigoyen ◽  
Leonidas Carrasco-Letelier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
High Density ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Individual Volume ◽  
Survival And Growth

This study presents a yield model for aboveground biomass production from three species the Eucalyptus in northern and western regions of Uruguay, based on sampling records from intensive crop plantations. High-density eucalyptus plantations represent a forestry alternative for the production of forest biomass. This work assessed the survival and growth of three eucalyptus species (Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden & Cambage, E. dunnii Maiden and E. grandis Hill ex Maiden) planted at densities of 2220, 3330, 4440 and 6660 trees ha−1, for a period of 57 months in northern (Tacuarembó) and western (Paysandú) regions of Uruguay. Linear and logarithmic equations of individual volume were fitted by site and species. The survival of E. grandis, E. benthamii and E. dunnii was not related to planting density, and the highest mortality values occurred in Tacuarembó. The effects of competition among trees were more evident at the highest planting density for E. grandis. In all species, the reduction in diameter was more marked than that of height, as planting density increased. Tree volume showed the same trend, and this was higher with higher planting densities. At Tacuarembó, the volume was the highest with E. benthamii at 6660 trees ha−1 (416.4 m3 ha−1), and, at Paysandú, the highest production was obtained with E. grandis (370.7 m3 ha−1) and with the densities of 4440 and 6660 trees ha−1 (305.9 and 315.3 m3 ha−1, respectively). With all species and planting densities, there was an increase in the accumulated volume during the 57-month study period; however, growth curves indicate that the maximum production per unit time and, therefore, the optimum harvest time occurred at 48 months. In this work, it has been shown that the use of intensive short-rotation plantations of eucalyptus for the production of biomass in Uruguay is suitable in soils prioritized for forestry.

Performance of Small-Scale Technology in Planting and Cutback Operations of Short-Rotation Willow Crops

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stelian Alexandru Borz ◽  
Mihai Daniel Nita ◽  
Nicolae Talagai ◽  
Cezar Scriba ◽  
Stefano Grigolato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Energy Crop ◽  
Bioenergy Crops ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Short Rotation

Abstract. Modern bioenergy crops have potential to play a crucial role in the global energy mix, especially under policies to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The management of short-rotation willow crops involves several operations that deliver biomass for different uses. In commercial-scale operations, high-performance, mostly automated equipment is frequently used; however, in small-scale operations, smallholder farmers adapt traditional agricultural equipment to fit their needs. This study evaluated the field performance of planting and cutback operations in small-scale willow crops using equipment that was characterized by a low level of technological integration. Following the implementation of both operations, the planting work rates ranged from 0.216 to 0.300 ha h-1, depending on the soil preparation and planting density. Delays significantly reduced the field performance, resulting in gross work rates of 0.149 to 0.230 ha h-1. By comparison, cutback operations had higher work rates of 2.31 and 2.35 ha h-1 for gross and net production, respectively. These rates dropped to approximately 1.77 and 2.00 ha h-1, respectively, due to time spent in headland turns and other delays. Possibilities to improve the field performance depend on good preparation of the soil prior to planting, which includes removal of agricultural residue. In the case of cutback operations, avoiding backward movement of the equipment when additional headland space is available and an improved field layout may shorten the time spent in headland turns. The results indicate that small-scale energy crop plantations can be sustainable in terms of efficiency when unspecialized technologies are used. Therefore, small-scale agriculture can make a positive contribution to climate change mitigation targets. Keywords: Bioenergy, Biomass, Cutting, Plantation, Mechanization, Short-rotation coppice, SRC.

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