scholarly journals Mediating effects of self-stigma and depression on the association between autistic symptoms and recovery in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Komatsu ◽  
Takashi Ono ◽  
Goh Onoguchi ◽  
Hiroaki Tomita ◽  
Yoshihisa Kakuto
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Stereotype Endorsement ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Autistic Symptoms ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Abstract Background Several studies have indicated that self-stigma is associated with depressive symptoms and could be a barrier to recovery in patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. More recently, an association between autistic symptoms and self-stigma was found in schizophrenia-spectrum patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between self-stigma, autistic and depressive symptoms, and recovery in patients with schizophrenia. Methods In total, 105 participants were evaluated using the Autism Spectrum Quotient, the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale, the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, and the Recovery Assessment Scale to investigate autistic symptoms, self-stigma, depressive symptoms, and recovery, respectively. The relationship between self-stigma, autistic symptoms, depressive symptoms, and recovery was assessed using structural equation modeling analysis. Results Impaired attention switching, one symptom of autism, was found to positively affect stereotype endorsement, which negatively influenced recovery through depressive symptoms. Moreover, problems with communication skills negatively affected recovery through depressive symptoms. Concerning self-stigma, stereotype endorsement and perceived discrimination had a negative effect on recovery through depressive symptoms, whereas stigma resistance had a direct negative effect on recovery. Conclusions This study may provide meaningful insight into the psychological structure of recovery and could inform effective interventions for patients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. This was a cross-sectionally designed study; therefore, further longitudinal studies are needed to identify the causal relationships between self-stigma, autistic and depressive symptoms, and recovery.

scholarly journals The relationship between affective visual mismatch negativity to interpersonal difficulties across autism and schizotypal traits

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talitha C. Ford ◽  
Laila E. Hugrass ◽  
Bradley N. Jack
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Processing ◽  
Mismatch Negativity ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Autism Spectrum Quotient ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizotypal Personality ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractSensory deficits are a feature of autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders and are also common at the upper end of their non-clinical spectra. The mismatch negativity (MMN), an index of preattentive auditory processing, is particularly sensitive in detecting such deficits; however, little is known about the relationship between the visual MMN (vMMN) to emotional faces and the specific traits that exist within the spectrum disorders. We probed the vMMN to happy, sad, and neutral faces in 77 young adults (18-40 years) and found that the vMMN to happy faces (happy standard minus happy deviant stimuli) was significantly larger than the vMMNs to sad and neutral faces (p > 0.05). We also found a significant correlation between vMMN to happy faces and interpersonal difficulties as indexed by the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) Communication and Attention to Detail subscales, and Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) Interpersonal Features (p < 0.05). These findings suggest a specificity of preattentive processing of positive affect to interpersonal features across the autism and schizophrenia spectrum.

scholarly journals Association Between Autistic Symptoms and Self-Stigma in Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol Volume 16 ◽  
pp. 2553-2561
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Komatsu ◽  
Takashi Ono ◽  
Yoshinori Maita ◽  
Yusuke Ishida ◽  
Tatsuo Kikuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Autistic Symptoms ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

scholarly journals Re-directing Climate Change and Terrorism by Allying Classical with Quantum Neural Computing

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Antonio Cassella
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Neural Computing ◽  
Shared Beliefs ◽  
Quantum Capacity ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Before the turn of the 21st century, terrorism and climate change may cause the breakdown of civilization. The cause of this advancing upheaval is the disparity between scientific ascent and social descent. This paper explores the social values hidden in sacred texts and artistic masterpieces through a debatable view of an impaired capacity for renewing familiar reality in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), as well as an impaired ability to preserve shared beliefs in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders (SSD). The author posits that we will overcome the challenges unleashed by fundamentalism and global warming if we bolster the alliance of a) our quantum capacity for renovating shared knowledge with our classical ability to preserve it and of b) our appreciation of beauty with a humanistic use of science.

Schizophrenia

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex S. Cohen ◽  
Dallas A. Callaway ◽  
Tracey L. Auster
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Treatment Considerations ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
New Treatments

Depressive symptoms commonly occur in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Empirical investigation of this comorbidity has revealed a number of interesting and potentially confusing findings. The purpose of this review is to summarize this literature, focusing on clinical, cognitive, behavioral, phenomenological, and neurobiological processes that are common and potentially disparate to these disorders. Additionally, the review will discuss four depression-related paradoxes that have emerged within the schizophrenia literature. It concludes with a brief summary of treatment considerations for patients with schizophrenia with co-morbid depressive symptoms. It is hoped that this chapter can serve as an organizing framework for future research and can help focus efforts on designing new treatments for ameliorating depression-related symptoms in patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Modeling the Longitudinal Effects of Insight on Depression, Quality of Life and Suicidality in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Results from the FACE-SZ Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickaël Ehrminger ◽  
Mathieu Urbach ◽  
Christine Passerieux ◽  
Bruno Aouizerate ◽  
Fabrice Berna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Background: Up to half of the patients with schizophrenia attempt suicide during their lifetime. Better insight is associated with better functioning but also with increased suicidality. The direction of the relationship between insight and suicidality is not clear, hence we aimed to provide new elements using structural equation modeling. Methods: Insight, quality of life (QoL), depression, and suicidality were measured at baseline and at 12 months in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The relationships between these variables were investigated by latent difference score models, controlling for chlorpromazine doses, positive and negative symptoms, and general psychopathology. Results: 738 patients were included, and 370 completed the study. Baseline levels of insight predicted changes in suicidality, whereas baseline levels of suicidality did not predict changes in insight, suggesting that better insight underlies suicidality and predicts its worsening. Our results suggest this temporal sequence: better insight → worse QoL → increased depression → increased suicidality, while insight also affects the three variables in parallel. Conclusion: Better insight predicts a worsening of QoL, depression and suicidality. These findings contribute to our global understanding of the longitudinal influence of insight on suicidality. We advocate that insight-targeted interventions should not be proposed without the monitoring of depression and suicide prevention.

scholarly journals The influence of autistic symptoms on social and non-social cognition and on real-life functioning in people with schizophrenia: Evidence from the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses multicenter study

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Vita ◽  
Stefano Barlati ◽  
Giacomo Deste ◽  
Paola Rocca ◽  
Alessandro Rossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Multicenter Study ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

Abstract Background Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs), although conceptualized as separate entities, may share some clinical and neurobiological features. ASD symptoms may have a relevant role in determining a more severe clinical presentation of schizophrenic disorder but their relationships with cognitive aspects and functional outcomes of the disease remain to be addressed in large samples of individuals. Aims To investigate the clinical, cognitive, and functional correlates of ASD symptoms in a large sample of people diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods The severity of ASD symptoms was measured with the PANSS Autism Severity Scale (PAUSS) in 921 individuals recruited for the Italian Network for Research on Psychoses multicenter study. Based on the PAUSS scores, three groups of subjects were compared on a wide array of cognitive and functional measures. Results Subjects with more severe ASD symptoms showed a poorer performance in the processing speed (p = 0.010), attention (p = 0.011), verbal memory (p = 0.035), and social cognition (p = 0.001) domains, and an overall lower global cognitive composite score (p = 0.010). Subjects with more severe ASD symptoms also showed poorer functional capacity (p = 0.004), real-world interpersonal relationships (p < 0.001), and participation in community-living activities (p < 0.001). Conclusions These findings strengthen the notion that ASD symptoms may have a relevant impact on different aspects of the disease, crucial to the life of people with schizophrenia. Prominent ASD symptoms may characterize a specific subpopulation of individuals with SSD.

scholarly journals M122. DEPRESSION IN SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDERS: LONGITUDINAL COURSE AND THE RELATIONSHIP WITH OTHER CLINICAL PARAMETERS AND QUALITY OF LIFE

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S181-S182
Author(s):  
Lebogang Phahladira ◽  
Laila Asmal ◽  
Bonginkosi Chiliza ◽  
Hilmar Luckhoff ◽  
Stefan du Plessis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The relationship between schizophrenia and depression is complex. Longitudinal studies on the course of depression in first episode schizophrenia populations are scarce and there are conflicting results on the predictive value of some baseline measures. Methods We conducted an open label longitudinal cohort study which included 126 patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders treated with long-acting antipsychotic medication over 24 months. Depression was assessed at three monthly intervals using the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia. Changes in depression over time were assessed using the linear mixed-effect models for continuous repeated measures. The relationship between depression and other clinical parameters was assessed with regression models. Results Depressive symptoms were most prominent at baseline and showed highly significant reductions in the first three months (p&lt;0.0001). Majority of the patients with depression improved with antipsychotic medication alone and we found associations between depressive symptoms with insight and poorer quality of life, however only illness awareness (p=0.0035) was the only significant predictor on depression in our regression analysis. There were a few differences between patients who experienced depression during the acute phase of treatment and those in the post-acute phase. Discussion Our findings suggest that depression in schizophrenia is common and generally responds well to treatment. The relationship between depression and insight has implications for further treatment considerations

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document