scholarly journals Effects of bamboo biochar application on global warming in paddy fields in Ehime prefecture, Southern Japan

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 553-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Oomori ◽  
Yo Toma ◽  
Osamu Nagata ◽  
Hideto Ueno
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Southern Japan

scholarly journals The Effects of Rape Residue Mulching on Net Global Warming Potential and Greenhouse Gas Intensity from No-Tillage Paddy Fields

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Sheng Zhang ◽  
Cou-Gui Cao ◽  
Li-Jin Guo ◽  
Cheng-Fang Li
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Central China ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Intensity ◽  
Rice Growing Season

A field experiment was conducted to provide a complete greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting for global warming potential (GWP), net GWP, and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) from no-tillage (NT) paddy fields with different amounts of oilseed rape residue mulch (0, 3000, 4000, and 6000 kg dry matter (DM) ha−1) during a rice-growing season after 3 years of oilseed rape-rice cultivation. Residue mulching treatments showed significantly more organic carbon (C) density for the 0–20 cm soil layer at harvesting than no residue treatment. During a rice-growing season, residue mulching treatments sequestered significantly more organic C from 687 kg C ha−1 season−1to 1654 kg C ha−1 season−1than no residue treatment. Residue mulching significantly increased emissions of CO2and N2O but decreased CH4emissions. Residue mulching treatments significantly increased GWP by 9–30% but significantly decreased net GWP by 33–71% and GHGI by 35–72% relative to no residue treatment. These results suggest that agricultural economic viability and GHG mitigation can be achieved simultaneously by residue mulching on NT paddy fields in central China.

Mitigating the global warming potential of rice paddy fields by straw and straw-derived biochar amendments

Geoderma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 396 ◽  
pp. 115081
Author(s):  
Yansheng Cao ◽  
Ying Shan ◽  
Peicong Wu ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Zhongyi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Global Warming Potential ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Rice Paddy Fields

scholarly journals Carbon Sequestration and Contribution of CO2, CH4 and N2O Fluxes to Global Warming Potential from Paddy-Fallow Fields on Mineral Soil Beneath Peat in Central Hokkaido, Japan

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Mohammad Naser ◽  
Osamu Nagata ◽  
Sarmin Sultana ◽  
Ryusuke Hatano
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
N2o Fluxes ◽  
Ch4 And N2o ◽  
Winter Fallow

Since each greenhouse gas (GHG) has its own radiative capacity, all three gasses (CO2, CH4 and N2O) must be accounted for by calculating the net global warming potential (GWP) in a crop production system. To compare the impact of GHG fluxes from the rice growing and the fallow season on the annual gas fluxes, and their contribution to the GWP and carbon sequestration (CS) were evaluated. From May to April in Bibai (43°18′ N, 141°44′ E), in central Hokkaido, Japan, three rice paddy fields under actual management conditions were investigated to determine CS and the contribution of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes to GWP. Methane and N2O fluxes were measured by placing the chamber over the rice plants covering four hills and CO2 fluxes from rice plants root free space in paddy fields were taken as an indicator of soil microbial respiration (Rm) using the closed chamber method. Soil CS was calculated as the difference between net primary production (NPP) and loss of carbon (C) through Rm, emission of CH4 and harvest of crop C. Annual cumulative Rm ranged from 422 to 519 g C m−2 yr−1; which accounted for 54.7 to 55.5% of the rice growing season in particular. Annual cumulative CH4 emissions ranged from 75.5 to 116 g C m−2 yr−1 and this contribution occurred entirely during the rice growing period. Total cumulative N2O emissions ranged from 0.091 to 0.154 g N m−2 yr−1 and from 73.5 to 81.3% of the total N2O emissions recorded during the winter-fallow season. The CS ranged from −305 to −365 g C m−2 yr−1, suggesting that C input by NPP may not be compensate for the loss of soil C. The loss of C in the winter-fallow season was much higher (62 to 66%) than in the growing season. The annual net GWP from the investigated paddy fields ranged from 3823 to 5016 g CO2 equivalent m−2 yr−1. Annual GWPCH4 accounted for 71.9 to 86.1% of the annual net GWP predominantly from the rice growing period. These results indicate that CH4 dominated the net GWP of the rice paddy.

scholarly journals Effects of biochar and barley straw application on the rice productivity and greenhouse gas emissions of paddy field

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Se-Won Kang ◽  
Jin-Ju Yun ◽  
Jae-Hyuk Park ◽  
Yong Hwa Cheong ◽  
Jong-Hwan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Rice Productivity

AbstractTo improve the agricultural environment, utilization of biochar and organic materials from paddy fields gaining importance. This is because the long-term use of inorganic fertilizers aggravates the soil environment, and also because rice paddy is a major source of CH4 and N2O emissions during rice cultivation which involves continuous flooding. Recently, the application of organic materials and biochar to the soil has received increasing attention due to their potential benefits related to soil quality, crop growth, and greenhouse gas emission. This study examines the influence of biochar and straw treatments on rice growth, soil physicochemical properties, and global warming potential in the paddy field. Five treatments were applied for the study: control (Cn), inorganic fertilizer (IF), barley straw biochar (BC), barley straw (BS), and BC + BS. Soil quality after rice harvesting improved in the BC treated group. The yield components of rice were also improved in the BC + BS, compared to other treatments. These effects resulted in increased rice yield and uptake of nutrient contents in the BC + BS treatment. Total fluxes of CH4 and N2O relative to global warming significantly decreased by 37.3% and 65.2% in the BC + BS group than in the IF treatment, respectively. Consequentially, a cropping system with BC and BS is an effective strategy to improve rice productivity and soil quality and also reduce GHG emissions from paddy fields, thereby alleviating global warming.

scholarly journals Effects of free-air CO<sub>2</sub> enrichment (FACE) and soil warming on CH<sub>4</sub> emission from a rice paddy field: impact assessment and stoichiometric evaluation

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1863-1903 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tokida ◽  
T. Fumoto ◽  
W. Cheng ◽  
T. Matsunami ◽  
M. Adachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Root Turnover ◽  
Soil Warming ◽  
Ch4 Emissions ◽  
Free Air

Abstract. Paddy fields are an important source of atmospheric CH4, the second most important greenhouse gas. There is a strong concern that the increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and global warming are further stimulating CH4 emissions, but the magnitude of this stimulation varies substantially by study, and few open-field evaluations have been conducted. Here we report results obtained at a Japanese rice free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) site under water and soil temperature elevation during two growing seasons. Our objectives were to evaluate the effects of high [CO2] (ambient+200 μmol mol−1) and elevated soil temperature (+2 °C) on CH4 emissions under completely open-field conditions. We found about 80% enhancement in total seasonal emissions by the additive effects of FACE and warming, indicating a strong positive feedback effect of global warming. The enhancement in CH4 emission (+26%, P = 0.19) from the effect of FACE alone was similar to that in rice biomass, suggesting that higher photosynthesis led to greater rhizodeposition, providing substrates for methanogenesis. Soil warming increased the emission by 44% (P < 0.001), which was equivalent to a Q10 of 5.5. Increased rice biomass by warming could only partly explain the enhanced CH4 emissions, but stoichiometric analysis of the electron budget indicated that even a moderate enhancement in organic matter decomposition due to soil warming can cause a large increase in CH4 production under conditions where Fe(III) reduction, which was little affected by soil warming, dominates electron-accepting processes. At later rice growth stages, advanced root senescence due to elevated temperature probably provided more substrate for methanogenesis. Our stoichiometric evaluation showed that in situ Fe reduction characteristics and root turnover in response to elevated temperature should be understood to correctly predict future CH4 emissions from paddy fields under a changing climate. Challenges remain for determination of in situ root-exudation rate and its response to FACE and warming.

scholarly journals Methane Cycling in Paddy Field: A Global Warming Issue

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mahabubur Rahman ◽  
Akinori Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Rice Paddy ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Ch4 Emission ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Global Warning ◽  
Controlled Irrigation ◽  
Emission Effect

Paddy fields are major sources of CH4 emission and a vital source of global warming. Thus, it is important to understand the CH4 cycling in paddy field. The CH4 chemistry, mechanisms of production and emission from paddy fields are also significantly important to understand. This paper discusses about the CH4 cycling, how CH4 emission effect on the global warming, and the mechanisms of CH4 exchange between rice paddy field and atmosphere, factors effecting the CH4 production, oxidation, transportation and calculation. Also try to suggest the CH4 mitigation options of paddy fields. The mitigation of CH4 emission can be achieved by water management, selection of rice cultivar and fertilization. Controlled irrigation can also reduce CH4 production compared to flood irrigation. Cultivation of high-yielding and more heat-tolerant rice cultivars will be promising approach to reduce CH4 emissions and slow down the global warning.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document