Remote sensing of the Indo-Pacific region: ocean colour, sea level, winds and sea surface temperatures

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 1423-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghu Murtugudde ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Eric Hackert ◽  
James Beauchamp ◽  
James Christian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Ocean Colour ◽  
Surface Temperatures

Revised Southern Ocean sea surface temperatures over the last 180 ka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Chandler ◽  
Petra Langebroek
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Last Interglacial ◽  
Antarctic Ice Sheet ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Reconstructions

<p>Proxy records and climate models suggest that the Last Interglacial (LIG, ~130 to 115 thousand years before present) was characterised by high-latitude air and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) slightly warmer than present, and by mean global sea level a few metres higher. Therefore, the LIG is widely used as an analogue for near-future oceanographic/climatic conditions. Of particular interest is the Antarctic Ice Sheet’s contribution to rapid sea level rise and to Southern Ocean surface freshening, in response to warming. In the Southern Ocean, existing LIG temperature reconstructions suffer from very high variance amongst a low number of individual records. Recent syntheses have focused on the LIG climatic optimum, but conditions during the penultimate glacial are also important for forcing transient climate or Antarctic Ice Sheet simulations. Here we use databases of modern core-top sediments to evaluate the strengths of SST proxies available in the Southern Ocean, and consider their likely sources of bias and variance. By selecting only those paleo-temperature reconstructions which we believe are reliable in this region, we then compile a Southern Ocean SST synthesis covering the penultimate glacial and the LIG. This longer temperature time series can be used as a basis for LIG ice sheet simulations or for climate model development.  </p>

scholarly journals Decadal predictability and prediction skill of sea surface temperatures in the South Pacific region

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 3945-3958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro I. Saurral ◽  
Javier García-Serrano ◽  
Francisco J. Doblas-Reyes ◽  
Leandro B. Díaz ◽  
Carolina S. Vera
Keyword(s):  
South Pacific ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Prediction Skill ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
The South ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Decadal Predictability

scholarly journals The timescale and extent of thermal expansion of the global ocean due to climate change

Ocean Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Marčelja
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Temperatures

Abstract. With recently improved instrumental accuracy, the change in the heat content of the oceans and the corresponding contribution to the change of the sea level can be determined from in situ measurements of temperature variation with depth. Nevertheless, it would be favourable if the same changes could be evaluated from just the sea surface temperatures because the past record could then be reconstructed and future scenarios explored. Using a single column model we show that the average change in the heat content of the oceans and the corresponding contribution to a global change in the sea level can be evaluated from the past sea surface temperatures. The calculation is based on the time-dependent diffusion equation with the known fixed average upwelling velocity and eddy diffusivity, as determined from the steady-state limit. In this limit, the model reduces to the 1966 Munk profile of the potential temperature variation as a function of depth. There are no adjustable parameters in the calculation and the results are in good agreement with the estimates obtained from the in situ data. The method allows us to obtain relevant timescales and average temperature profiles. The evaluation of the thermosteric sea level change is extended back to the beginning of accurate sea surface temperature records. The changes in sea surface temperature from 1880 until the present time are estimated to have produced a thermosteric sea level rise of 35 mm. Application to future IPCC scenarios gives results similar to the average prediction of more complex climate models.

scholarly journals The timescale and extent of thermal expansion of the oceans due to climate change

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 2975-2992
Author(s):  
S. Marčelja
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Temperatures

Abstract. With recently improved instrumental accuracy, the change in the heat content of the oceans and the corresponding contribution to the change of the sea level can be determined from in situ measurements of temperature variation with depth. Nevertheless, it would be favourable if the same changes could be evaluated from just the sea surface temperatures because the record could then be extended into the past and projected into the future. We show here that the average change in the heat content of the oceans and the corresponding contribution to a change in the sea level can be evaluated from the past sea surface temperatures. The calculation is based on the time-dependent diffusion equation with constant upwelling velocity and has no adjustable parameters. In the steady-state limit it recovers the well-known profile of the potential temperature variation as a function of depth. The results are in good agreement with the estimates obtained from the in situ data, even though most of the warming occurs in the upper 1000 m. The method allows us to obtain relevant timescales and average temperature profiles. The evaluation of the thermosteric sea level change is extended back to the beginning of accurate sea surface temperature records in 1880. The changes in sea surface temperature from 1880 until the present time led to a thermosteric sea level rise of 3 cm and to a commitment for a future rise of 5 cm.

scholarly journals Assessment of Climate Change Impacts on Sea Surface Temperatures and Sea Level Rise—The Arabian Gulf

Climate ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. Hereher
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Arabian Gulf ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Surface Temperatures

The Arabian Gulf is one of the regions in the world experiencing major changes due to increased economic growth rates and development practices. As a shallow water body within a hot desert, the Gulf is exposed to obvious warming in the sea surface temperatures (SST). Remotely sensed SST data were utilized to estimate decadal change in SST with a focus on coral reef locations. There is a positive trend in monthly time series SSTs, with a maximum value of about 0.7 °C/decade for the western side of the Gulf. This high trend of SST is associated with significant coral reef bleaching and it coincides with major climate/ocean interactions. Most of the Arabian countries along the Gulf have coastal developments at low-land areas of high vulnerability to sea level rise. Digital elevation models showed that there are more than 3100 km2 of coastal areas that occur at 1 m level along the Arabian countries of the Gulf. Coastal protection and conservation measures are crucial to protect low-lying coasts of urban use.

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