Validation of the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale among pregnant women in Capricorn District, South Africa

Abstract Background Pregnancy is a unique period with the increased likelihood of psychological changes and emotional disturbances such as depression, anxiety, and stress. In this study, we investigated the factors influencing depression, anxiety, and stress in pregnancy and identify their associations with Sexual Distress (SD) and Genital Self-Image (GSI). Methods This was a descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study performed using the two-stage cluster sampling method between September 2019 and January 2020. Overall, 295 pregnant women completed a demographics and obstetric information checklist, Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSI), and Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised (FSDS-R). Results Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences in the mean scores of SD between the groups with varying degrees of depression, anxiety, and stress (P < 0.001) and in the mean score of GSI between the groups with varying degrees of depression (P = 0.01) and anxiety (P < 0.001). In multivariate linear regression analysis, higher (worse) depression, anxiety, and stress scores were found in women with more advanced age and higher SD scores; however, these scores were lower (better) in those with increased gestational age. Lower depression and anxiety scores were associated with moderate satisfaction with income, moderate satisfaction with BI in pregnancy, and lower stress and depression scores were linked to planned pregnancy. Higher (better) GSI score was a predictor of lower depression score, complication in a previous pregnancy was a predictor of higher stress score, and finally, fear of fetal abortion and being a housewife were predictors of a higher anxiety score. Conclusion Various factors contribute to the development of antenatal depression, anxiety, and stress. A positive correlation was found between SD and the severity of depression, anxiety, and stress, while a negative correlation was noted between GSI and the severity of depression and anxiety. Therefore, raising awareness regarding SD and GSI through screening and counseling sessions can have beneficial effects for mothers and their fetuses.

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Maternal PrEP Use in HIV-Uninfected Pregnant Women in South Africa: Role of Stigma in PrEP Initiation, Retention and Adherence

AIDS and Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10461-021-03374-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander Moran ◽

Nyiko Mashele ◽

Rufaro Mvududu ◽

Pamina Gorbach ◽

Linda-Gail Bekker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women

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A Priori and a Posteriori Dietary Patterns among Pregnant Women in Johannesburg, South Africa: The NuPED Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020565 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 565

Author(s):

Cornelia Conradie ◽

Jeannine Baumgartner ◽

Linda Malan ◽

Elizabeth A. Symington ◽

Marike Cockeran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

A Priori ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

A Posteriori ◽

Urban South ◽

Quality Diet ◽

Nutrient Patterns

Dietary pattern analyses allow assessment of the diet as a whole. Limited studies include both a priori and a posteriori dietary pattern analyses. This study aimed to explore the diet of pregnant women in urban South Africa through both a priori and a posteriori dietary pattern analyses and associated maternal and household factors. Dietary data were collected during early pregnancy using a quantified food frequency questionnaire from 250 pregnant women enrolled in the Nutrition During Pregnancy and Early Development (NuPED) cohort. A priori dietary patterns were determined using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), and a posteriori nutrient patterns using exploratory factor analysis. Based on the DQI-I, the study population followed a borderline low-quality diet. Three a posteriori nutrient patterns were identified: Pattern 1 “plant protein, iron, thiamine, and folic acid”; pattern 2 “animal protein, copper, vitamin A, and vitamin B12”; pattern 3 “fatty acids and sodium”. Pattern 1 was associated with higher dietary quality (p < 0.001), lower maternal educational level (p = 0.03) and socioeconomic status (p < 0.001). Pattern 3 was significantly associated with lower dietary quality. The low dietary quality among pregnant women residing in urban South Africa should be addressed to ensure optimal maternal and offspring health outcomes.

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Use of Mobile Applications by Pregnant Women and Levels of Pregnancy Distress During the COVID-19 (Coronavirus) Pandemic

Maternal and Child Health Journal ◽

10.1007/s10995-021-03162-y ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sultan Özkan Şat ◽

Şengül Yaman Sözbir

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Mobile Applications ◽

Pregnancy Distress

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Maladaptive coping mediates the influence of childhood trauma on depression and PTSD among pregnant women in South Africa

Archives of Women s Mental Health ◽

10.1007/s00737-015-0501-8 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 731-738 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Karmel W. Choi ◽

Kathleen J. Sikkema ◽

Jennifer Velloza ◽

Adele Marais ◽

Cicyn Jose ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Childhood Trauma ◽

Maladaptive Coping

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Factors influencing the utilisation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services by pregnant women in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Health SA Gesondheid ◽

10.4102/hsag.v10i1.186 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Karl Peltzer ◽

Donald Skinner ◽

Sakhumzi Mfecane ◽

Olive Shisana ◽

Ayanda Nqeketo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Full Text ◽

Resource Poor Setting ◽

Eastern Cape ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Resource Poor ◽

Mother To Child

The aim of the study was to identify factors influencing the utilisation of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) in a resource poor setting in South Africa. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om faktore te identifiseer wat die benutting van die Voorkoming van Moeder-tot-Kind Oordrag (VMTKO) beïnvloed in ‘n omgewing in Suid-Afrika wat arm is aan hulpbronne. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

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Initial Feasibility and Acceptability of a Comprehensive Intervention for Methamphetamine-Using Pregnant Women in South Africa

Psychiatry Journal ◽

10.1155/2014/929767 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hendrée E. Jones ◽

Bronwyn Myers ◽

Kevin E. O’Grady ◽

Stefan Gebhardt ◽

Gerhard B. Theron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Sexual Risk ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

Unprotected Sex ◽

Methamphetamine Use ◽

The Past ◽

Hiv Sexual Risk ◽

Gestational Age At Delivery

The purpose of the present study was to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a women-focused intervention addressing methamphetamine use and HIV sexual risk among pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa. A two-group randomized pilot study was conducted, comparing a women-focused intervention for methamphetamine use and related sexual risk behaviors to a psychoeducational condition. Participants were pregnant women who used methamphetamine regularly, had unprotected sex in the prior month, and were HIV-negative. Primary maternal outcomes were methamphetamine use in the past 30 days, frequency of unprotected sexual acts in the past 30 days, and number of antenatal obstetrical appointments attended. Primary neonatal outcomes were length of hospital stay, birth weight, and gestational age at delivery. Of the 57 women initially potentially eligible, only 4 declined to participate. Of the 36 women who were eligible and enrolled, 92% completed all four intervention sessions. Women in both conditions significantly reduced their methamphetamine use and number of unprotected sex acts. Therefore, delivering comprehensive interventions to address methamphetamine use and HIV risk behaviors among methamphetamine-using pregnant women is feasible in South Africa. Further testing of these interventions is needed to address methamphetamine use in this vulnerable population.

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