Maladaptive coping mediates the influence of childhood trauma on depression and PTSD among pregnant women in South Africa

ObjectivesBetter understanding of psychosocial risk factors for food insecurity (FI) during pregnancy and how they interact is crucial, given long-term health implications for maternal and child health. We investigated the association between maternal childhood trauma as well as intimate partner violence (IPV) and FI among pregnant women in South Africa, in the Drakenstein Child Health Study, and whether maternal depression mediates these relationships.SettingTwo primary care clinics in Paarl, South Africa.Participants992 pregnant women; inclusion criteria were clinic attendance and remaining in area for at least 1 year; women were excluded if a minor.MethodsWe examined psychosocial predictors of FI using multivariate regression. Mediation analyses investigated whether depression mediated the relationship between IPV and FI as well as between childhood trauma and FI, including disaggregation by two study communities. FI was assessed using an adapted US Department of Agriculture food security scale; households were coded as food insecure where 2 of 5 affirmative responses were recorded.ResultsAmong 992 pregnant women, there were high rates of IPV (7%–27%), depression (24%) and childhood trauma (34%). In multivariate cross-sectional analysis, emotional IPV (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.60; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.46), depression (aOR 1.05; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.08) and childhood trauma (aOR 1.52; 95% CI 1.08 to 2.15) predicted FI. In mediation models, depression partially mediated the relationship between emotional IPV and FI as well as physical IPV and FI; depression partially mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and FI. Differing degrees of mediation were found when applied to communities.ConclusionsAntenatal maternal depression, IPV and childhood trauma were highly prevalent and associated with FI. Depression, IPV and trauma screening services should be considered within routine antenatal care and may offer an opportunity to identify and intervene. Community-level differences in risk and in mediation analyses indicate that contextual tailoring of interventions may be important.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Burden of tuberculosis in HIV-positive pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.733487840.793550301 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Anthony Harries ◽

Kudakwashe C Takarinda

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Cape Town ◽

Hiv Positive

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Validation of the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale among pregnant women in Capricorn District, South Africa

Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology ◽

10.1080/02646838.2021.1934422 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Solomon Mashegoane ◽

Sadi Cordelia Bambo

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Pregnancy Distress ◽

Distress Scale

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Maternal PrEP Use in HIV-Uninfected Pregnant Women in South Africa: Role of Stigma in PrEP Initiation, Retention and Adherence

AIDS and Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10461-021-03374-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alexander Moran ◽

Nyiko Mashele ◽

Rufaro Mvududu ◽

Pamina Gorbach ◽

Linda-Gail Bekker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women

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A Priori and a Posteriori Dietary Patterns among Pregnant Women in Johannesburg, South Africa: The NuPED Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020565 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 565

Author(s):

Cornelia Conradie ◽

Jeannine Baumgartner ◽

Linda Malan ◽

Elizabeth A. Symington ◽

Marike Cockeran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

A Priori ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

A Posteriori ◽

Urban South ◽

Quality Diet ◽

Nutrient Patterns

Dietary pattern analyses allow assessment of the diet as a whole. Limited studies include both a priori and a posteriori dietary pattern analyses. This study aimed to explore the diet of pregnant women in urban South Africa through both a priori and a posteriori dietary pattern analyses and associated maternal and household factors. Dietary data were collected during early pregnancy using a quantified food frequency questionnaire from 250 pregnant women enrolled in the Nutrition During Pregnancy and Early Development (NuPED) cohort. A priori dietary patterns were determined using the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I), and a posteriori nutrient patterns using exploratory factor analysis. Based on the DQI-I, the study population followed a borderline low-quality diet. Three a posteriori nutrient patterns were identified: Pattern 1 “plant protein, iron, thiamine, and folic acid”; pattern 2 “animal protein, copper, vitamin A, and vitamin B12”; pattern 3 “fatty acids and sodium”. Pattern 1 was associated with higher dietary quality (p < 0.001), lower maternal educational level (p = 0.03) and socioeconomic status (p < 0.001). Pattern 3 was significantly associated with lower dietary quality. The low dietary quality among pregnant women residing in urban South Africa should be addressed to ensure optimal maternal and offspring health outcomes.

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Understanding the Relationships between Gender Inequitable Behaviours, Childhood Trauma and Socio-Economic Status in Single and Multiple Perpetrator Rape in Rural South Africa: Structural Equation Modelling

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0154903 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. e0154903 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Rachel Jewkes ◽

Mzikazi Nduna ◽

Nwabisa Jama-Shai ◽

Esnat Chirwa ◽

Kristin Dunkle

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Childhood Trauma ◽

Structural Equation Modelling ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Economic Status ◽

Rural South ◽

Socio Economic Status ◽

Equation Modelling ◽

Rural South Africa

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Factors influencing the utilisation of prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) services by pregnant women in the Eastern Cape, South Africa

Health SA Gesondheid ◽

10.4102/hsag.v10i1.186 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Karl Peltzer ◽

Donald Skinner ◽

Sakhumzi Mfecane ◽

Olive Shisana ◽

Ayanda Nqeketo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Full Text ◽

Resource Poor Setting ◽

Eastern Cape ◽

Mother To Child Transmission ◽

Child Transmission ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Resource Poor ◽

Mother To Child

The aim of the study was to identify factors influencing the utilisation of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) in a resource poor setting in South Africa. Opsomming Die doel van die studie was om faktore te identifiseer wat die benutting van die Voorkoming van Moeder-tot-Kind Oordrag (VMTKO) beïnvloed in ‘n omgewing in Suid-Afrika wat arm is aan hulpbronne. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

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Initial Feasibility and Acceptability of a Comprehensive Intervention for Methamphetamine-Using Pregnant Women in South Africa

Psychiatry Journal ◽

10.1155/2014/929767 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hendrée E. Jones ◽

Bronwyn Myers ◽

Kevin E. O’Grady ◽

Stefan Gebhardt ◽

Gerhard B. Theron ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Sexual Risk ◽

Risk Behaviors ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

Unprotected Sex ◽

Methamphetamine Use ◽

The Past ◽

Hiv Sexual Risk ◽

Gestational Age At Delivery

The purpose of the present study was to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of a women-focused intervention addressing methamphetamine use and HIV sexual risk among pregnant women in Cape Town, South Africa. A two-group randomized pilot study was conducted, comparing a women-focused intervention for methamphetamine use and related sexual risk behaviors to a psychoeducational condition. Participants were pregnant women who used methamphetamine regularly, had unprotected sex in the prior month, and were HIV-negative. Primary maternal outcomes were methamphetamine use in the past 30 days, frequency of unprotected sexual acts in the past 30 days, and number of antenatal obstetrical appointments attended. Primary neonatal outcomes were length of hospital stay, birth weight, and gestational age at delivery. Of the 57 women initially potentially eligible, only 4 declined to participate. Of the 36 women who were eligible and enrolled, 92% completed all four intervention sessions. Women in both conditions significantly reduced their methamphetamine use and number of unprotected sex acts. Therefore, delivering comprehensive interventions to address methamphetamine use and HIV risk behaviors among methamphetamine-using pregnant women is feasible in South Africa. Further testing of these interventions is needed to address methamphetamine use in this vulnerable population.

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