Structured external memory aid treatment (SEMAT) for older adults with mild cognitive impairment: long-term adherence and acceptability of treatment

Aphasiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Alyssa M. Lanzi ◽  
Sarah E. Wallace ◽  
Matthew L. Cohen ◽  
Michelle S. Bourgeois
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
External Memory

scholarly journals Five-Year Change in Body Mass Index Predicts Conversion to Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia Only in APOE ɛ4 Allele Carriers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kylie R. Kadey ◽  
John L. Woodard ◽  
Allison C. Moll ◽  
Kristy A. Nielson ◽  
J. Carson Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
E4 Allele ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

Background: Body mass index (BMI) has been identified as an important modifiable lifestyle risk factor for dementia, but less is known about how BMI might interact with Apolipoprotein E ɛ4 (APOE ɛ4) carrier status to predict conversion to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction between APOE ɛ4 status and baseline (bBMI) and five-year BMI change (ΔBMI) on conversion to MCI or dementia in initially cognitively healthy older adults. Methods: The associations between bBMI, ΔBMI, APOE ɛ4 status, and conversion to MCI or dementia were investigated among 1,289 cognitively healthy elders from the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) database. Results: After five years, significantly more carriers (30.6%) converted to MCI or dementia than noncarriers (17.6%), p <  0.001, OR = 2.06. Neither bBMI (OR = 0.99, 95%CI = 0.96–1.02) nor the bBMI by APOE interaction (OR = 1.02, 95%CI = 0.96–1.08) predicted conversion. Although ΔBMI also did not significantly predict conversion (OR = 0.90, 95%CI = 0.78–1.04), the interaction between ΔBMI and carrier status was significant (OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.53–0.98). For carriers only, each one-unit decline in BMI over five years was associated with a 27%increase in the odds of conversion (OR = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.57–0.94). Conclusion: A decline in BMI over five years, but not bBMI, was strongly associated with conversion to MCI or dementia only for APOE ɛ4 carriers. Interventions and behaviors aimed at maintaining body mass may be important for long term cognitive health in older adults at genetic risk for AD.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Cognitive Characteristics and Influence Factors of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment among Community-dwelling Older Adults in Chengdu, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiyuan Qiu ◽  
Yan Cai ◽  
Yangyang Wang ◽  
Shiyi Liao ◽  
Yunbo Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Cognitive Characteristics

Abstract Background: Dementia is a global public health priority. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a transitional stage between normal aging and dementia. And amnestic MCI (aMCI) is proved to have a higher probability to develop into AD comparing to other type of MCI. Yet a few studies have focused on prevalence of aMCI in China. This study aims to explore the prevalence of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), cognitive characteristics of aMCI, and associated risk factors for aMCI.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the communities of Chengdu, China. Participants were 368 older adults aged 60 years and over. Participants completed various neuropsychological assessments, including the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Wechsler’s Logical Memory Task (LMT), Boston Naming Test (BNT) and Trail Making Test Part A (TMT-A). Social information was collected by standard questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was utilized to screen for the risk and protective factors of aMCI.Results: Data included 309 subjects with normal cognitive function and 59 with aMCI. The prevalence of aMCI was 16.0%.The average age of participants was 69.06±7.30 years, with 56.0% being females. After controlling for age, gender and education, the Spearman partial correlation coefficient between diverse cognitive assessments and aMCI ranged from -0.52 for the long-term delayed recall scores in AVLT to 0.19 for the time-usage scores in TMT-A, and results revealed that all domains except naming scores (after semantic cue of BNT) and error quantity (in TMT-A) showed statistically significant associations with aMCI. And the results of multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that older age (OR=1.044, 95%CI: 1.002~1.087, p=0.042), lower educational level, and diabetes (OR=2.450, 95%CI: 1.246~4.818, p=0.009) were risk factors of aMCI.Conclusions: Participants with aMCI showed lower cognitive function in memory, language and executive domains, especially in long-term delayed recall. The participants who were older, had less education, or with diabetes had higher risk of suffering from aMCI. These results may help clinical practitioners design and conduct targeted cognitive training and chronic disease management for the elderly, aiming to prevent and delay development of Alzheimer’s dementia.

Clinical and biological effects of long-term lithium treatment in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: randomised clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 215 (5) ◽  
pp. 668-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orestes V. Forlenza ◽  
Márcia Radanovic ◽  
Leda L. Talib ◽  
Wagner F. Gattaz
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Community Dwelling

BackgroundExperimental studies indicate that lithium may facilitate neurotrophic/protective responses in the brain. Epidemiological and imaging studies in bipolar disorder, in addition to a few trials in Alzheimer's disease support the clinical translation of these findings. Nonetheless, there is limited controlled data about potential use of lithium to treat or prevent dementia.AimsTo determine the benefits of lithium treatment in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a clinical condition associated with high risk for Alzheimer's disease.MethodA total of 61 community-dwelling, physically healthy, older adults with MCI were randomised to receive lithium or placebo (1:1) for 2 years (double-blind phase), and followed-up for an additional 24 months (single-blinded phase) (trial registration at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01055392). Lithium carbonate was prescribed to yield subtherapeutic concentrations (0.25–0.5 mEq/L). Primary outcome variables were the cognitive (Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale – cognitive subscale) and functional (Clinical Dementia Rating – Sum of Boxes) parameters obtained at baseline and after 12 and 24 months. Secondary outcomes were neuropsychological test scores; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of Alzheimer's disease-related biomarkers determined at 0, 12 and 36 months; conversion rate from MCI to dementia (0–48 months).ResultsParticipants in the placebo group displayed cognitive and functional decline, whereas lithium-treated patients remained stable over 2 years. Lithium treatment was associated with better performance on memory and attention tests after 24 months, and with a significant increase in CSF amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ1−42) after 36 months.ConclusionsLong-term lithium attenuates cognitive and functional decline in amnestic MCI, and modifies Alzheimer's disease-related CSF biomarkers. The present data reinforces the disease-modifying properties of lithium in the MCI–Alzheimer's disease continuum.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals LONG-TERM GAIT SPEED TELEMONITORING IN OLDER ADULTS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT OR MILD DEMENTIA. THE DECI STUDY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S333-S333
Author(s):  
Lorenzo M Donini ◽  
Alberto Rainoldi ◽  
Luca C Feletti ◽  
Gianluca Zia ◽  
Eleonora Poggiogalle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Mild Dementia

Abstract Non-intrusive telemonitoring of physical activity in Older Adults suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), or Mild Dementia (MD), was implemented as part of a 6-month multicomponent digital intervention in the DECI study (EU Horizon2020 grant No 643588). Methods: To estimate gait speed long-term trajectory, a processing algorithm was applied on individual accelerometry data continuously recorded via the ADAMO wrist-watch accelerometer. Speed Trend Analysis was performed if patients wore the device ≥90 days. Only outdoor activity was analyzed to reflect patients’ own natural gait speed. Only time spent in high or very-high-activity level is used, to eliminate rest periods (e.g. sitting on a bench, on a bus or driving). A raw mean walking speed was computed. Stride was computed from gender and height and walked distance from stride and step count. Mean walking speed was estimated by walking distance and duration. A rolling mean algorithm was applied to the computed mean 15-day baseline series, resulting in a new series representing normalized patient’s gait speed trajectory during the study. Results: Baseline characteristics: F/M=21/19; MCI/MD=36/4; age=75.4±6.0 years; BMI= 24.6±5,2; MMSE=26.5±2.4; education=8.9±4.0 years. Monitoring days=147±29. Overall three main patterns of gait speed trajectory were identified: “relative stability”, “improving trend” and “progressive decline”: No evident correlation with cognitive status was observed in the sample. Examples of individual patterns are shown. Conclusions: Gait Speed Analysis can describe physical function trajectory over time and identify decliners from stable or improving older adults. Further analyses may clarify the relationship between physical function changes and cognitive status.

Toward Identifying Mild Cognitive Impairment in Hispanic and African American Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-116
Author(s):  
Valarie B. Fleming ◽  
Joyce L. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
African American ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Education Management ◽  
African American Adults

Across the breadth of acquired neurogenic communication disorders, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may go undetected, underreported, and untreated. In addition to stigma and distrust of healthcare systems, other barriers contribute to decreased identification, healthcare access, and service utilization for Hispanic and African American adults with MCI. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) have significant roles in prevention, education, management, and support of older adults, the population must susceptible to MCI.

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