Positive affect predicts less reacquisition of fear: relevance for long-term outcomes of exposure therapy

Anhedonia is defined as the reduced ability to anticipate or expect future rewards, recognize or appreciate present rewards, and learn methods of obtaining rewards. It is a core symptom of depression and a correlate of many anxiety disorders. Anhedonia is a unique and significant predictor of negative long-term outcomes and poor treatment response. Despite the apparent link between diminished positive affect and affective disorders, current psychotherapies for anxiety and depression primarily focus on minimizing negative affect (e.g., sadness, thoughts of death) with little focus on addressing deficits in positive affect (anhedonia). This chapter reviews current and emerging interventions that target anhedonia, including a discussion of possible mechanisms (i.e., factors that explain change) of these treatments. It concludes with directions for future research in this important area.

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Post-extinction conditional stimulus valence predicts reinstatement fear: Relevance for long-term outcomes of exposure therapy

Cognition & Emotion ◽

10.1080/02699931.2014.930421 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 654-667 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Tomislav D. Zbozinek ◽

Dirk Hermans ◽

Jason M. Prenoveau ◽

Betty Liao ◽

Michelle G. Craske

Keyword(s):

Conditional Stimulus ◽

Exposure Therapy ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Stimulus Valence

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The effect of positive mood induction on reducing reinstatement fear: Relevance for long term outcomes of exposure therapy

Behaviour Research and Therapy ◽

10.1016/j.brat.2015.05.016 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. 65-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Tomislav D. Zbozinek ◽

Emily A. Holmes ◽

Michelle G. Craske

Keyword(s):

Mood Induction ◽

Exposure Therapy ◽

Positive Mood ◽

Long Term Outcomes

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Traumatic Brain Injury: A Trauma Surgeon's Perspective

Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders ◽

10.1044/nnsld22.3.82 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 82-89

Author(s):

Oscar D. Guillamondegui

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

Trauma Team ◽

The United States ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Term Care ◽

Injured Brain ◽

The Moment

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a serious epidemic in the United States. It affects patients of all ages, race, and socioeconomic status (SES). The current care of these patients typically manifests after sequelae have been identified after discharge from the hospital, long after the inciting event. The purpose of this article is to introduce the concept of identification and management of the TBI patient from the moment of injury through long-term care as a multidisciplinary approach. By promoting an awareness of the issues that develop around the acutely injured brain and linking them to long-term outcomes, the trauma team can initiate care early to alter the effect on the patient, family, and community. Hopefully, by describing the care afforded at a trauma center and by a multidisciplinary team, we can bring a better understanding to the armamentarium of methods utilized to treat the difficult population of TBI patients.

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