Facial appearance in adults who had cleft lip and palate treated in childhood

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agneta Marcusson ◽  
Gunnar Paulin ◽  
Leif Östrup
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Facial Appearance

Habilitation of Patients with Clefts: Parent and Child Ratings of Satisfaction with Appearance and Speech

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hillary L. Broder ◽  
Fraser B. Smith ◽  
Ronald P. Strauss
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Speech Performance ◽  
Female Subjects ◽  
Parent Child

This study examined ratings regarding satisfaction with facial appearance and speech performance from 495 parent-child pairs. Data were obtained from school-aged children (5–18 years old) and their parents using standardized independent interviews. Results revealed that 54 percent of the children with cleft lip (CL) or cleft lip and palate (CLP) were very pleased with their appearance, and 62 percent of the cleft palate or CLP subjects were very pleased with speech. Low, but statistically significant correlations exist between the female subjects and their parents in satisfaction with appearance. Although older cleft lip and/or palate patients reported increased satisfaction with speech, no age differences in patient satisfaction with appearance were observed in subjects with CL/CLP. Parents of females expressed more concern about their daughters' appearance than parents of males, while parents of males were more concerned about speech. Implications for craniofacial habilitation teams and research suggestions are discussed.

Effect of Infant Orthopedics on Facial Appearance of Toddlers with Complete Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate (Dutchcleft)

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharina A. M. Bongaarts ◽  
Birte Prahl-Andersen ◽  
Ewald M. Bronkhorst ◽  
Paul H. M. Spauwen ◽  
Jan W. Mulder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Surgical Closure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Full Face ◽  
Infant Orthopedics ◽  
Positive Effect

Objective: To evaluate the effect of infant orthopedics (IO) on facial appearance of 54 patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), aged 4 and 6 years. Design: Prospective two-arm randomized controlled clinical trial in three Cleft Palate Centers in the Netherlands (Dutchcleft-trial). Interventions: Patients were divided randomly into two groups. Half of the patients (IO+) had a plate until surgical closure of the soft palate at the age of ± 52 weeks; the other half (IO−) received no intervention. Main Outcome Measures: Facial appearance at 4 and 6 years of age assessed on full face photographs and photographs showing only nose and mouth. Ratings were performed on a VAS-scale by professionals and laymen. Results: At 4 years of age the full face pictures of IO+ children were scored to be more attractive than those of IO− children. However, this difference had disappeared at 6 years of age. At the age of 6, only professionals saw a significant difference on nasolabial photographs between IO+ and IO−. Regression analysis showed a minor effect of occlusion, lip revision, or type of nose reconstruction on the esthetic results. Conclusions: IO had a positive effect on full facial appearance of UCLP children at the age of 4 years, but at the age of 6, only professionals saw a positive effect of IO on the nasolabial photographs. This is irrelevant for UCLP patients since they deal with laymen in their daily life.

Parent and child ratings of satisfaction with speech and facial appearance in Flemish pre-pubescent boys and girls with unilateral cleft lip and palate

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Van Lierde ◽  
E. Dhaeseleer ◽  
A. Luyten ◽  
K. Van De Woestijne ◽  
H. Vermeersch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Facial Appearance

Infant Orthopedics and Facial Appearance: A Randomized Clinical Trial (Dutchcleft)

2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 659-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Prahl ◽  
Birte Prahl-Andersen ◽  
Martin A. van't Hof ◽  
Anne M. Kuijpers-Jagtman
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
First Year ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Full Face ◽  
Infant Orthopedics

Objective: To study the effect of infant orthopedics on facial appearance. Design: Prospective two-arm randomized controlled trial in parallel with three participating academic cleft palate centers. Treatment allocation was concealed and performed by means of a computerized balanced allocation method. Setting: Cleft Palate Centers of Amsterdam, Nijmegen, and Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Patients: Infants with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, no other malformations. Interventions: One group (IO+) wore passive maxillary plates during the first year, the other group (IO−) did not. Main Outcome Measure(s): Two metrical response modalities were used (i.e., visual analog scales and reference scores) to score facial appearance. Full face and cropped photographs were compared with reference photographs and were judged. The photographs were judged by 45 judges, 24 laypeople, and 21 professionals. Transformation of the scores into z scores was applied to compare and to pool both response modalities. The validity of each individual judge was evaluated, as was the reliability of the scales. Differences between the treatment groups were evaluated by means of t tests. Results: Photographs were available of 41 subjects, 21 with and 20 without infant orthopedics. No significant differences were found between groups. Mean z-score values for the full-face photographs were: group IO+ = 0.10 (SD = 0.73) and group IO− = −0.03 (SD = 0.48); for the cropped photographs were: group IO+ = 0.12 (SD = 0.71) and group IO− = −0.06 (SD = 0.55). Conclusions: Infant orthopedics have no effect on facial appearance.

Different Cleft Conditions, Facial Appearance, and Speech: Relationship to Psychological Variables

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Millard ◽  
Lynn C. Richman
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Depression Scales ◽  
Relationship Of

Objective The purpose of this investigation was to study the adjustment and learning characteristics of children with different types of clefts. The hypotheses were that there may be different relationships among cleft variables (speech and appearance) according to the cleft types. Design The study compared three cleft groups on behavior rating, anxiety scales, depression scales, and self-perception (analyses of variance) and examined the influence of facial and speech ratings on self-perception (multiple regression analyses). Setting All patients were treated at a university hospital cleft palate clinic. Patients Sixty-five children aged 8 years to 17 years were selected based on nonsyndromic cleft (unilateral cleft lip and palate [ULP], bilateral cleft lip and palate [BLP], and cleft palate only [CPO]) and no significant neurological condition or hearing loss. Results The findings indicated children with CPO showed greater problems with parent- and teacher-reported depression, anxiety, and learning related to speech than children with ULP or BLP. The later two groups showed fewer problems and a greater relationship of problem to facial appearance. The children with ULP self-reported lower levels of depression than the other two groups. Conclusions Children with cleft show relatively good overall adjustment, but some problems appear related to speech and facial appearance. Subgroups may need to be studied separately.

Three-Dimensional Assessment of Facial Appearance Following Surgical Repair of Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aileen Bell ◽  
Tsz-Wai Rachel Lo ◽  
Denise Brown ◽  
Adrian W. Bowman ◽  
J. Paul Siebert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Surgical Repair ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Dimensional Assessment

Persons with Cleft Lip and Palate Are Looked at Differently

2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 400-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Meyer-Marcotty ◽  
A.B.M. Gerdes ◽  
T. Reuther ◽  
A. Stellzig-Eisenhauer ◽  
G.W. Alpers
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Facial Expression ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Psychosocial Consequences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Healthy Participants

There is evidence that persons with cleft lip and palate (CLP) suffer psychosocial consequences as a result of their facial appearance. However, no data exist on how they are perceived by others. Our hypothesis was that CLP faces were looked at differently compared with faces lacking an anomaly. Eye movements of 30 healthy participants were recorded ( via an eye-tracking camera) while they viewed photographs of faces with/without a CLP. Subsequently, the faces were rated for appearance, symmetry, and facial expression. When the CLP faces were viewed, there were significantly more initial fixations in the mouth and longer fixations in the mouth and nose regions, compared with reactions when control faces were viewed. Moreover, CLP faces were rated more negatively overall. When faces with CLP were viewed, attention was directed to the mouth and nose region. Together with the negative ratings, this may explain at least some of the social deprivations in persons with CLP, probably due to residual asymmetry.

A Questionnaire Survey of Attitudes and Concerns of Three Professional Groups Involved in the Cleft Palate Team

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph H. Noar
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Facial Appearance ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Perceived Success ◽  
Emotional Aspects ◽  
Good Agreement

This study Investigated the opinions of three of the professional groups who treat cleft lip and palate patients in the United Kingdom. Plastic surgeons, orthodontists, and speech therapists were asked to give their opinions regarding adolescents with a unilateral cleft of the lip and palate. A mail questionnaire investigating four main areas: treatment, facial appearance and speech, social and emotional aspects, and the perceived success of the specialists was sent to each subject. Nearly all the subjects reported that they worked as part of a cleft palate team and there was good agreement among the three groups. Although the professionals felt that they have been successful, they were not satisfied with the results of their treatment nor with the patients’ overall facial appearance or speech. They also felt that the patients are emotionally and socially affected by their cleft and are teased. The subjects noted that they think patients feel similarly to themselves on all aspects. The significance of the results is discussed.

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