Cause of death in blue penguins (Eudyptula m. minor) in North Otago, New Zealand

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Hocken
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cause Of Death

scholarly journals Comparison of cause of death between Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry and the Australian National Death Index

Nephrology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P Sypek ◽  
Kathryn B Dansie ◽  
Phil Clayton ◽  
Angela C Webster ◽  
Stephen Mcdonald
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
National Death Index ◽  
Transplant Registry

Nebulisers in the treatment of asthma

1987 ◽  
Vol 25 (26) ◽  
pp. 101-103
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sodium Cromoglycate ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Inhaled Drugs ◽  
Recent Increase ◽  
Prophylactic Drugs ◽  
Drug Solution

A nebuliser makes an aerosol by blowing air or oxygen through a drug solution. Many inhaled drugs including β2-agonists such as salbutamol, atropinic drugs such as ipratropium, and prophylactic drugs such as sodium cromoglycate and beclomethasone can be delivered in this way. Nebulisers have become increasingly popular, but the possibility has been raised that their widespread use in New Zealand has contributed to a recent increase in asthma deaths.1, 2 The cause of death in asthma is difficult to analyse retrospectively, but in most cases failure to recognise the severity of the asthma and delay in starting other treatment appeared to be responsible rather than the use of nebulised bronchodilators.3 Over-reliance on a home nebuliser can lead to such delay.

Haemodialysis withdrawal in Australia and New Zealand: a binational registry study

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 669-676
Author(s):  
Samuel Chan ◽  
Mark R Marshall ◽  
Robert J Ellis ◽  
Dwarakanathan Ranganathan ◽  
Carmel M Hawley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Subdistribution Hazard ◽  
White Race ◽  
Female Sex ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Dialysis Withdrawal

Abstract Background Withdrawal from dialysis is an increasingly common cause of death in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). As most published reports of dialysis withdrawal have been outside the Oceania region, the aims of this study were to determine the frequency, temporal pattern and predictors of dialysis withdrawal in Australian and New Zealand patients receiving chronic haemodialysis. Methods This study included all people with ESKD in Australia and New Zealand who commenced chronic haemodialysis between 1 January 1997 and 31 December 2016, using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) Registry. Competing risk regression models were used to identify predictors of dialysis withdrawal mortality, using non-withdrawal cause of death as the competing risk event. Results Among 40 447 people receiving chronic haemodialysis (median age 62 years, 61% male, 9% Indigenous), dialysis withdrawal mortality rates increased from 1.02 per 100 patient-years (11% of all deaths) during the period 1997–2000 to 2.20 per 100 patient-years (32% of all deaths) during 2013–16 (P < 0.001). Variables that were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of haemodialysis withdrawal were older age {≥70 years subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR] 1.77 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.66–1.89]; reference 60–70 years}, female sex [SHR 1.14 (95% CI 1.09–1.21)], white race [Asian SHR 0.56 (95% CI 0.49–0.65), Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander SHR 0.83 (95% CI 0.74–0.93), Pacific Islander SHR 0.47 (95% CI 0.39–0.68), reference white race], coronary artery disease [SHR 1.18 (95% CI 1.11–1.25)], cerebrovascular disease [SHR 1.15 (95% CI 1.08–1.23)], chronic lung disease [SHR 1.13 (95% CI 1.06–1.21)] and more recent era [2013–16 SHR 3.96 (95% CI 3.56–4.48); reference 1997–2000]. Conclusions Death due to haemodialysis withdrawal has become increasingly common in Australia and New Zealand over time. Predictors of haemodialysis withdrawal include older age, female sex, white race and haemodialysis commencement in a more recent era.

scholarly journals The Case for Comprehensive Random Breath Testing Programs in Canada: Reviewing the Evidence and Challenges

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Solomon ◽  
Erika Chamberlain ◽  
Maria Abdoullaeva ◽  
Ben Tinholt ◽  
Suzie Chiodo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Public Support ◽  
International Experience ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Section 8 ◽  
Breath Testing ◽  
Potential Benefits

Impairment related crashes remain Canada’s leading criminal cause of death. In response, this article examines impaired driving rates and enforcement in Canada and argues that random breath testing programs would increase the risk of apprehension, thereby enhancing the deterrent impact of Canada’s impaired driving laws. The authors analyze the international experience with random breath testing, explaining that most developed and developing countries, including Australia, New Zealand, and Ireland have implemented random breath testing. These programs have had significant traffic safety benefits and enjoy broad public support. The authors argue that, while random breath testing legislation may be found to infringe section 8 and is most likely to infringe sections 9 and 10(b) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, it should be upheld under section 1. They argue that the potential benefits of random breath testing in Canada would be substantial, while the effects on individual rights would be modest.

scholarly journals Natural History of Cardiac and Peripheral Vascular Death In ESKD: An Australian And New Zealand Data Linkage Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Khou ◽  
VictorNicole L De La Mat ◽  
Patrick J Kelly ◽  
Angela C Webster
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Data Linkage ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Vascular Mortality ◽  
Over Time

IntroductionCardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, ascertaining the impact of cardiovascular deaths has not been well characterised over long periods of follow-up and across different treatment states. Further insights into the lifetime risk of cardiovascular death are required to better inform clinical practice and economic planning. Objectives and ApproachWe performed a population-based cohort study on incident patients receiving ESKD treatment from the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant registry (ANZDATA). Cardiac/vascular deaths were determined from ICD-10-AM codes listed in the underlying cause of death obtained via data linkage with the Australian National Death Index and New Zealand Mortality Collection database. We estimated mortality rates from cardiac/vascular death across time from ESKD treatment, and calculated probability of death and transplant status over time using multistate models. ResultsAcross 60,823 incident ESKD patients and 381,874 person-years of follow-up, 22% (7,551) of deaths were from cardiac/vascular disease. At 15 years from treatment, 15.6% of patients had died from cardiac/vascular causes, most of whom never received a transplant (13.6% vs 2.0% of cohort). Within the first year of dialysis, cardiac/vascular mortality was highest in the second month, at 3,632/100,000pys. Improvements in cardiac/vascular mortality with calendar year were only seen after 9 months of dialysis. Transplant recipients had consistently lower cardiac/vascular mortality rates (598/100,000 pys) compared to dialysis patients. However, comorbid cardiovascular disease was a risk factor for graft failure and death in transplant recipients (HR:1.52, 95% CI:1.42-1.62). Conclusion / ImplicationsDespite improvements in cardiac/vascular outcomes over time, cardiovascular death remains common in ESKD, particularly in the first few months of treatment. A greater focus on secondary prevention in earlier stages of chronic kidney disease may improve outcomes in new ESKD patients.

Responses of common brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) to translocation on farmland, southern North Island, New Zealand

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Cowan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Lower Mortality ◽  
Trichosurus Vulpecula ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Landscape Features ◽  
Nest Sites

The behaviour, movements and fate of radio-tagged brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) were studied after they were translocated between sites on farmland in two areas in the southern North Island, New Zealand. At both sites some possums remained near the release site while others moved up to 12.5 km before settling. At one site, four possums returned distances of about 3.9 km from the release site to their sites of capture (homing), with two of these homing successfully twice. Translocated possums displayed some of the characteristics of naturally dispersing possums but, unlike them, their long-distance movements were not male-biased nor made particularly by juveniles. The location and availability of suitable nest sites appeared to influence the movements of translocated possums, but no other major influences of landscape features on their patterns of movement were detected. Survival during the first 9 weeks after translocation was not influenced by sex, age, weight, distance moved or time since release. Translocated possums on New Zealand farmland, where the main predators are people and vehicles, suffered much lower mortality than possums in a similar study in Australia, where canids, particularly foxes, were a major cause of death.

Magellanic Cloud Eclipsing Binaries: Primary Distance Indicators

1999 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 563-566
Author(s):  
J. D. Pritchard ◽  
W. Tobin ◽  
J. V. Clausen ◽  
E. F. Guinan ◽  
E. L. Fitzpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Magellanic Cloud ◽  
Eclipsing Binaries ◽  
Fundamental Parameters ◽  
Distance Indicators

Our collaboration involves groups in Denmark, the U.S.A. Spain and of course New Zealand. Combining ground-based and satellite (IUEandHST) observations we aim to determine accurate and precise stellar fundamental parameters for the components of Magellanic Cloud Eclipsing Binaries as well as the distances to these systems and hence the parent galaxies themselves. This poster presents our latest progress.

Heat-Etching with a Bullivant Type II Simple Freeze-Cleave Device

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 106-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald S. Weinstein ◽  
N. Scott McNutt
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Massachusetts General Hospital ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Collaborative Effort ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The University

The Type I simple cold block device was described by Bullivant and Ames in 1966 and represented the product of the first successful effort to simplify the equipment required to do sophisticated freeze-cleave techniques. Bullivant, Weinstein and Someda described the Type II device which is a modification of the Type I device and was developed as a collaborative effort at the Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Auckland, New Zealand. The modifications reduced specimen contamination and provided controlled specimen warming for heat-etching of fracture faces. We have now tested the Mass. General Hospital version of the Type II device (called the “Type II-MGH device”) on a wide variety of biological specimens and have established temperature and pressure curves for routine heat-etching with the device.

A Cytochemical Study of Glucose-6-Phosphatase (G-6-PASE) in Cells Participating in Atherogenesis of Rabbit Aorta

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 460-461
Author(s):  
Sidney D. Kobernick ◽  
Edna A. Elfont ◽  
Neddra L. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Aortic Wall ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
Metabolic Changes ◽  
Atherosclerotic Plaques ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Cellular Alteration ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

This cytochemical study was designed to investigate early metabolic changes in the aortic wall that might lead to or accompany development of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits. The hypothesis that the primary cellular alteration leading to plaque formation might be due to changes in either carbohydrate or lipid metabolism led to histochemical studies that showed elevation of G-6-Pase in atherosclerotic plaques of rabbit aorta. This observation initiated the present investigation to determine how early in plaque formation and in which cells this change could be observed.Male New Zealand white rabbits of approximately 2000 kg consumed normal diets or diets containing 0.25 or 1.0 gm of cholesterol per day for 10, 50 and 90 days. Aortas were injected jin situ with glutaraldehyde fixative and dissected out. The plaques were identified, isolated, minced and fixed for not more than 10 minutes. Incubation and postfixation proceeded as described by Leskes and co-workers.

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